骆驼刺高效离体植株再生体系的建立

通过对络驼刺（Ａｌｈａｇｉ ｐｓｅｕｄａｌｈａｇｉ Ｄｅｓｖ）不同外植体来源、不同培养基及激素配比的比较,建立骆驼刺培养高效再生植株实验体系。表明骆驼刺下胚轴切段在含１．５￣２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ和０．５￣１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基中１００％诱导愈伤组织,在含１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ６－ＢＡ和１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上愈伤组织分化成苗,转至含２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ ＩＢＡ和０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基上成根得到完整再生植株,组织学观察表明植株再生主要为器官发生途径,染色体稳定遗传。     

植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织诱导、增殖及芽分化的效应

以华黄芪叶片为外植体,在附加不同浓度和比例的２,４－Ｄ与６－ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上,探讨植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织诱导、增殖及芽分化的效应,并在愈伤组织增殖过程中,初步对愈伤指数与愈伤组织生长量的关系进行了比较,结果表明：在ＭＳ＋２,４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基上诱导率最高,且形成愈伤组织时间最短;在ＭＳ＋２,４－Ｄ０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．３ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基上,芽的分化率最高;愈伤指数与“称重法”测定愈伤组织生长所得结果一致．     

银杏愈伤组织的诱导与激素优化组合研究

通过实验,筛选出银杏愈组织的最佳培养基为Ｎ６＋ＮＡＡ３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,其次为ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ,分别对ＮＡＡ、２,４－Ｄ、ＧＡ、ＢＡ和ＫＴ等在培养过程中的作用与浓度进行了探索,结果表明ＮＡＡ、ＢＡ结合使用,既适合诱导又利于继代培养,２,４－Ｄ适合诱导,ＧＡ不利于诱导,ＫＴ有利于分化。     

球茎甘蓝花托花柄组织培养及其植株再生

球茎甘蓝花托、花柄在ＭＳ＋２,４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基上培养,诱导形成愈伤组织．愈伤组织在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ３ｍｇ／Ｌ的分化培养基上培养,能分化出芽．花托在附加６－ＢＡ和ＧＡ３的ＭＳ培养基上培养,能直接出芽．花柄在附加６－ＢＡ或６－ＢＡ和ＧＡ３的ＭＳ培养基上培养,能直接出芽．芽通过继代培养,能再生植株     

不同植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织形成及器官发生的效应

以华黄芪（ＡｓｔｒａｇａｌｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＬ．）为材料,ＭＳ为基本培养基,设计不同浓度的ＮＡＡ、２,４－Ｄ、６－ＢＡ、ＫＴ等单因子试验和不同比值的细胞分裂素／生长素组合试验,探讨植物生长调节物质对华黄芪愈伤组织形成及器官发生的效应．结果表明：在愈伤组织形成过程中,单因子试验以５．０ｍｇ／ＬＮＡＡ、０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ、１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ、２０ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ诱导效果较好,诱导频率可达１００％,且生长势好．组合试验比单因子试验能更有效地诱导愈伤组织形成．在器官发生过程中,单独使用生长素类有不定根形成,ＮＡＡ效果较好,２,４－Ｄ次之．单独使用细胞分裂素类有不定芽的形成,６－ＢＡ效果较好,ＫＴ次之．组合试验中,细胞分裂素／生长素比值大时有利于不定芽的形成,反之则有利于不定根的形成     

红豆杉愈伤组织的诱导和培养

研究了不同的基本培养基、不同的激素种类和不同的种植体对红豆杉愈伤组织诱导的影响。实验结果表明,在愈伤组织诱导中,２ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ的诱导效果优于２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ,枝段的诱导率高于叶片。Ｂ５和ＨＥ培养基利于愈伤组织的诱导,Ｂ５和６,７－Ｖ培养基利于愈伤组织的生长,其平均生长速率分别为０．９９ｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ）和０．６０ｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ）。     

正交设计法在白三叶组织培养中的应用

以白三叶的叶片为外植体,采用正交设计法,对愈伤组织生长和细胞悬浮培养的培养基进行了优化筛选。实验结果表明,白三叶叶片愈伤组织生长的最佳培养基配方为ＭＢ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ甘氨酸＋１００ｍｇ／Ｌ肌醇＋３％蔗糖＋０．７％琼脂;细胞悬浮培养的最佳培养基的配方为ＭＢ＋４ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋２ｍｇ／     

红豆杉离体胚培养快速育苗研究

采用Ｂ５和ＭＳ相组合的ＢＭ基本培养基和适宜浓度的激素（２,４－Ｄ,６－ＢＡ和ＧＡ３）能解除红豆杉种胚的休眠．单因子试验和不同组合的正交试验结果显示：单独使用２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ,６－ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＧＡ３２ｍｇ／Ｌ均在一定程度上促使红豆杉种胚的萌发,萌发率分别为７０％,５５％和２８．６％;最佳正交组合为６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２,４－Ｄ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＣ４ｇ／Ｌ,萌发率达８１％．     

发根农杆菌A4对骆驼刺的遗传转化

用野生型发根农杆菌（Ａｇｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍ ｒｈｉｚｏｇｅｎｅｓ）Ａ４菌株感染骆驼刺（Ａｌｈａｇｉ ｐｓｅｕｄｏａｌｈａｇｉ）无菌苗的子叶和下胚轴,１５ｄ左右在感染部位诱导出发根。将发根切段放在附加２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ２,４－Ｄ和０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上诱导愈伤组织,在３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ６ＢＡ的ＭＳ培养基上进一步分化形成完整植株,冠瘿碱检测结果表明,不仅在初生发根中,在次生发根、来源于发率的愈     

莜麦组织培养及再生植株

以莜麦（Ａｖｅｎａｎｕｄａ）成熟种子为材料，研究了培养基成分对愈伤组织的诱导、分化和继代保持的影响。通过对ＭＳ为基本培养基附加２，４－Ｄ、６－ＢＡ、ＫＴ、ＺＴ等成分的各种培养基上诱导产生的愈伤组织观察比较，发现在２，４－Ｄ浓度为２ｍｇ／Ｌ时，诱导产生的愈伤组织量最多，随着２，４－Ｄ浓度降低，愈伤组织形成的量也减少；在２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、ＫＴ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基中愈伤组织能分化出芽，产生大量苗，进而再生植株。实验结果表明，在继代培养基中加入一定量的ＡＢＡ和ＺＴ，能有效地促使褐化的愈伤组织恢复正常，使之保持良好的生长状态和分化能力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~