一种计算迎风面密度的优化算法

提出了一种基于最小外接矩形的计算迎风面密度的优化算法.该算法的核心问题是如何高效地求解建筑物沿着某一风向的投影面宽度(迎风面宽度).具体解决方案为:将不规则建筑物水平轮廓根据风向角度进行一定角度的旋转操作,使得旋转后建筑物水平轮廓的最小外接矩形的宽即为建筑物水平轮廓未旋转时的迎风面宽度.由于最小外接矩形及其旋转操作在当前很多图形系统软件中一般都有接口支持且运行效率非常高,用户也可以直接调用相关接口进行二次开发.因此,本方法具有较高的运行效率和应用便利性.     

不同形状植物成熟果实的识别提取方法

提出一种自然场景下对不同形状植物果实图像进行识别提取的方法.采用RGB色差模型及Ostu自适应阈值分割进行图像二值化.应用数学形态学方法对二值图像进行预处理获取植物果实轮廓.采用果实质心、最小凸边形方法对目标进行特征提取.实验表明,除对类圆果实识别较好外,对不规则果实识别效果更佳,其最小凸边形提取比外接矩形及类圆提取方法更接近真实图像,具有一定的通用性.     

基于激光三维成像数据的车辆目标方位估计

对目标方位进行精确估计是提高目标匹配识别效率的重要前提,而车辆目标的地面投影轮廓近似于矩形,为此提出了基于激光三维成像数据的车辆目标方位估计方法.首先依据激光成像数据的高程值对数据进行分类,从激光成像区域的三维数据中提取出车辆目标数据进而获取目标的投影轮廓数据,然后采用向量积异号排除法求解车辆目标投影轮廓数据的凸边界,在此基础上采用直接求解凸边界最小外接矩形的方法对车辆目标的方位进行初步估计,最后利用与目标投影轮廓数据邻近的地面数据,并依据最小二乘原理拟合优化凸边界的最小外接矩形,校正车辆目标初始估计方位,从而实现车辆目标方位的精确估计.仿真结果表明,该方法可实现车辆目标方位的快速准确估计.     

一种基于轮廓查找的作物定位点提取算法研究

针对垂直投影法在作物行中心线检测时存在误差大的问题,提出一种新的基于轮廓查找的作物定位点提取算法。首先对农田图像预处理得到的灰度图像,通过垂直投影变换得到中心作物行所在列,然后对灰度图像进行条形分割,在每个条形图中寻找作物轮廓,保留与中心列最接近的轮廓并将该轮廓转换为矩形区域,矩形重心即为定位点。最后运用最小二乘法拟合定位点。仿真结果表明该算法较垂直投影法准确率高。     

基于轮廓查找的作物定位点提取算法

针对垂直投影法在作物行中心线检测时存在误差大的问题,提出一种新的基于轮廓查找的作物定位点提取算法。首先对农田图像预处理得到的灰度图像,通过垂直投影变换得到中心作物行所在列,然后对灰度图像进行条形分割,在每个条形图中寻找作物轮廓,保留与中心列最接近的轮廓并将该轮廓转换为矩形区域,矩形重心即为定位点。最后运用最小二乘法拟合定位点。仿真结果表明该算法较垂直投影法准确率高。     

基于主动轮廓技术的植物叶图像提取方法

叶是植物的重要特征信息,叶片图像提取是植物器官建模和生鲜植物识别的关键步骤。在植物自动识别和叶建模领域具有重要价值。笔者提出了一种基于主动轮廓技术和细胞神经网络的叶图像提取方法,实践表明基于细胞神经网络的可变模板技术实现了对植物叶片轮廓的灵活控制,同时结合了隐含模型和参数模型的特征,提高了提取的精度和鲁棒性。提取结果表明,采用该算法可以有效提取叶脉络。     

基于车辆轮廓定位匹配的车型识别方法

采用背景减法提取运动车辆目标的轮廓,用外接矩形对目标轮廓进行定位,选取轿车、客车和货车3种车型的侧面轮廓作为标准样本,分别计算待识别车辆的侧面轮廓与3种标准样本的匹配程度系数,保留系数较小的两类标准样本,然后采用Hausdorff距离算法计算待识别车辆轮廓与剩余两类样本之间的匹配程度,认定Hausdorff距离较小的两者具有相同的车型.实验结果表明,该方法准确、有效且实时性较好,在高速公路收费站、自动收费停车场等场合具有较大的实用价值.     

结合分割逼近和粒子群法的燃气轮机叶片轮廓度误差计算

阐述了燃气轮机叶片复杂曲面轮廓度误差计算的关键问题,采用非均匀有理B样条曲面描述了燃气轮机叶片,定义了燃气轮机叶片复杂曲面轮廓度误差并建立了相应的数学模型.采用分割逼近法计算测点到曲面的最小距离,以提高数据处理速度;结合粒子群和分割逼近法,通过六维坐标变换迭代,使叶片的理论模型计算与实际轮廓测试达到最佳匹配,最终获得燃气轮机叶片轮廓度误差.结合分割逼近和粒子群法来计算燃气轮机叶片轮廓度误差,理论上可以收敛于全局最优解,符合最小区域法的评定标准.该算法易于计算机实现,非常适用于三坐标测量仪.     

基于轮廓特征点凹性分析的遮挡车辆分割算法

在智能交通系统的拍摄场景中,由于车辆间距过近和摄像角度原因,引起车辆遮挡的现象,增加了目标车辆检测和跟踪的难度。根据轮廓特征点,结合轮廓凹凸性,提出一种凹陷区域检测与分割算法。首先采用背景差分法提取车辆区域,根据车辆区域外接矩形的长宽比和占空比判断是否是多车遮挡,同时通过凸包分析算法提取遮挡凹陷区域;然后通过Freeman链码确定凹陷区域的轮廓特征点,对特征点进行凹性分析;最后匹配分割点,采用Bresenham直线生成法分割遮挡车辆。实验结果表明,该算法有效解决遮挡车辆分割不准确问题,与其他算法相比,具有较好的场景适应性。     

一种快速的虹膜定位算法

提出一种结合傅里叶描绘子和最小二乘法的虹膜定位算法.在虹膜内圆定位时,先用改进的轮廓跟踪算法检测二值化瞳孔边缘的点序列,再用傅里叶描绘子提取该点序列的整体轮廓,最后用最小二乘法拟合内圆.在虹膜外圆定位时,先利用虹膜左、右部分的灰度梯度信息,提取外边缘点序列,再用最小二乘法拟合外圆.实验结果表明,该算法提高了虹膜定位的速...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with