中间件TUXEDO在计费系统中的应用

在大型数据库中，随着数据访问量和数据传输量的增大，传统的两层结构体系(客户／服务器)越来越显示出其局限性，而融入中间件的三层结构体系逐渐受到用户青睐。详细介绍了三层应用体系结构的优点，并说明了中间件TUXEDO在电信计费系统中的应用。     

基于中间件技术的三层网络结构的研究与应用

提出了应用中间件技术的三层体系结构建立高效、安全计费系统新平台;讨论了传统二层体系结构的缺陷,介绍了中间件的概念和三层结构的特点,并把中间件技术应用于电信计费账务系统中;解决数据大量用户的接入、系统间服务调用等问题。     

三层结构及其在数据库系统中的应用

介绍了三层结构的概念及其应用，对比二层结构客户／服务器模式与三层结构客户／服务器模式的不同，阐述了采用中间件技术的三层结构客户／服务器模式在当前企业级应用中的优势．并根据中间件在系统中所起的作用和采用的技术，详细地介绍了其五种类型和各自特点。     

基于3层C/S模式的邮政电子化生产作业系统的设计与实现

邮政电子化支局生产作业系统是邮政综合网的一个应用系统，是联机交易处理系统，采用3层C／S模式，并在3层结构中利用BEATuxedo分布式事物处理中间件，设计并实现了邮政电子化支局生产作业系统。     

基于内容管理中间体的远程教育应用平台

现代远程教育是教育信息化的重要内容，是实现全面教育和终身学习不可缺少的教育手段。以中间件的3层客户机／服务器结构模式为基础，利用基于内容管理中间件构建远程教育系统应用平台的技术体系结构和技术要点，通过对远程教育平台客户端与中间件接口实现方法的研究，举例说明了中间件WRMS在远程教育平台系统结构中的实际应用为远程教育平台体系结构的开发提供了良好的解决方案。     

分布式应用系统中中间件可替换模型的研究

分析了使用中间件的分布式系统所面临的问题,针对这些问题,提出了一种模型,该模型通过利用CORBA等的技术思想,实现分布式系统中上层应用和底层中间件的无关性,从而使中间件在分布式应用系统中做到即插即用.     

用户访问特征驱动的中间件语义缓存替换策略

Web应用中大量用户请求频繁与数据库交互会严重影响系统性能,中间件层缓存有助于减少请求与数据库的交互开销、提高服务器的响应速度。研究了在Web应用服务器中引入语义缓存机制,在查询缓存时利用语义信息进行匹配,然后动态追踪和分析用户访问时间性、访问内容量、业务关联等用户访问特征,在此基础上设计一种基于用户访问特征的语义缓存替换算法。原型实验表明其能够提高缓存命中率,并使服务器的响应时间和吞吐量也得到改善。     

基于中间件技术的计算机考试系统

介绍了中间件技术的基本概念及主要功能,阐述了基于两层客户机/服务器(Client/Server)结构计算机考试系统的不足和引入中间件后的三层客户机/服务器体系结构的优势,实现了中间件技术在计算机考试系统中的应用.     

多种数据持久层解决方案的对比

数据持久层是J2EE体系结构中用来解决对象和关系数据库之间不匹配问题的中间件。目前实现数据持久层的方案有很多,本文对JDBC、JDO、Hibernate、iBATIS等数据持久层实现方案进行介绍,通过对比分析指出它们各自优缺点。     

基于内容管理中间件的远程教育应用平台

现代远程教育是教育信息化的重要内容 ,是实现全面教育和终身学习不可缺少的教育手段 .以中间件的 3层客户机 /服务器结构模式为基础 ,利用基于内容管理中间件构建远程教育系统应用平台的技术体系结构和技术要点 ,通过对远程教育平台客户端与中间件接口实现方法的研究 ,举例说明了中间件WRMS在远程教育平台系统结构中的实际应用为远程教育平台体系结构的开发提供了良好的解决方案     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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