2级串联型ISD悬架频响特性分析与试验

基于"惯容-弹簧-阻尼"机械系统与"电容-电感-电阻"电子系统之间严格的对应相似关系,根据级联滤波的基本原理,以并联的弹簧和阻尼元件为第1级,并联的惯容器、弹簧和阻尼元件为第2级,提出了一种2级串联型"惯容-弹簧-阻尼"(ISD)车辆悬架.应用机械阻抗法建立悬架的1/4车辆模型,对悬架系统频响特性进行了仿真分析,设计了齿轮齿条惯容器装置及悬架原理样机,进行了悬架频域性能台架试验.结果表明:与传统悬架相比,2级串联型"惯容-弹簧-阻尼"车辆悬架具有良好的低频频响特性,使车身共振频率从1.3 Hz降到了0.8 Hz,车身加速度、轮胎动载荷及悬架动行程3者增益的低频共振峰值分别减小了52%,50%,15%,有效抑制了车身共振,提高了车辆的乘坐舒适性.     

液电耦合式车辆可控ISD悬架性能分析与试验研究

为了探索车辆可控ISD(inerter-spring-damper)悬架的实现形式与隔振潜能,提出一种液电耦合式车辆可控ISD悬架系统。首先,介绍新型液电惯容器的基本结构和工作原理,以车辆1/4悬架模型作为研究对象,搭建液电耦合式车辆ISD悬架的动力学模型。然后,以提升悬架综合性能为控制优化目标,设计基于液电惯容器的车辆ISD悬架单神经元PID控制器,应用多目标遗传算法对控制参数进行优化求解,在随机路面输入条件下仿真分析液电耦合式车辆可控ISD悬架的隔振性能。最后,研制新型液电惯容器试验样机,并搭建液电耦合式车辆可控ISD悬架试验台架,基于dSPACE进行半实物仿真试验。研究结果表明:与传统被动悬架相比,液电耦合式ISD悬架的车身加权加速度均方根下降了7.8%,悬架动挠度均方根下降了13.8%,悬架综合性能得到显著改善,为车辆可控ISD悬架的研究提供新思路。     

混联ISD悬架寄生阻尼和附加刚度对性能的影响分析

为了将混联ISD悬架工程化,提出一种液力惯容器和油气弹簧结合的混联ISD悬架设计方案.针对工程化过程中产生的寄生阻尼和附加刚度可能会恶化悬架性能的问题,建立包含惯容器寄生阻尼和油气弹簧附加刚度在内的1/4工程化混联ISD悬架模型.通过仿真计算,分析寄生阻尼和附加刚度对悬架性能的影响,并利用多目标优化方法,对寄生阻尼和附加刚度进行优化设计.结果表明,与混联ISD悬架相比,工程化混联ISD悬架的车身加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动载荷功率谱密度低频共振峰值分别下降了9.1%,65.9%,11.8%,均方根值分别降低了1.6%,3.9%,1.1%.可见,在混联ISD悬架的工程化设计中,通过优化设计,将寄生阻尼和附加刚度控制在合理水平,能使工程化前后悬架性能基本一致.      

基于机电相似性理论的车辆机电悬架 动态性能研究

为了探索新型悬架的实现形式与隔振潜能,根据机电相似性理论设计了一种新型车辆机电悬架系统,以四分之一车辆悬架模型作为研究对象,搭建了悬架系统的动力学模型,给出了具体的结构实现方案,并采用鱼群算法对机电悬架系统中的元件参数进行优化求解。仿真结果表明,相较于传统被动悬架,新型机电悬架系统的隔振性能得到有效改善,其中,车身加速度均方根值减小5. 27%,悬架动行程均方根值减小22. 72%,轮胎动载荷均方根值也略有减小。最后,研究了电机电感与电阻对悬架动力学性能指标的影响规律,分析表明,当考虑电机电感与电阻因素时,悬架的动态性能指标均有所增加,其中,对车身加速度均方值影响较小,而对悬架动行程均方根值和轮胎动载荷均方根值的影响较大。台架试验结果进一步验证了理论分析的正确性。     

新型工程机械驾驶室悬置系统建模与参数优化

为进一步提高工程机械驾驶室悬置系统的隔振性能,改善工程机械的乘坐舒适性,提出一种包含惯容器的新型工程机械驾驶室悬置系统,该系统由主弹簧、副弹簧、减振器以及新型隔振元件——惯容器等四个基本元件构成。为确定该新型悬置的最优结构参数,基于牛顿运动定律建立了工程机械全浮式驾驶室悬置三自由度动力学数学模型,确定了驾驶室悬置参数的优化目标及约束条件,并采用粒子群优化算法对工程机械驾驶室悬置参数进行了优化。仿真对比结果表明,基于最优参数的新型悬置系统可使驾驶室地板垂向振动加权加速度均方根值由0.42降低到0.33,降幅达21%,工程机械的乘坐舒适性得到了明显提高,研究将为基于惯容器的新型工程机械驾驶室悬置系统分析和改进提供理论基础和技术支持。     

天棚惯容控制半主动悬架的性能分析

基于设计的连续可调惯容器装置,提出了一种效果相当于增加簧载质量的天棚惯容控制方法,利用Matlab/Simulink软件搭建传统悬架和天棚惯容悬架系统的1/4车辆模型,并对其性能进行对比分析,在此基础上,研究了可调惯容器寄生阻尼对悬架性能的影响规律.结果表明:与传统悬架空载相比,天棚惯容悬架偏频降低了33.0%,车身加速度和轮胎动载荷均方根值低频峰值分别减小了52.3%和35.5%,提高了空载状态下车辆的行驶平顺性,使车辆具有更好的空载、满载适应能力;可调惯容器寄生阻尼与惯容系数的比值越小,天棚惯容悬架性能改善越明显;天棚惯容控制能够解决天棚阻尼控制对车辆空载、满载适应能力差的问题.     

车辆悬架系统的优化设计与动力学特性分析

为了提升含减振元件惯容器的车辆悬架系统的综合减振性能,建立了含有减振元件惯容器、弹簧、阻尼器的车辆悬架系统模型.采用遗传算法对悬架参数进行优化,基于振动功率流理论对减振元件衬套进行优化选型.通过对车辆悬架系统动力学模型进行数值求解,探究了参数优化前后车辆悬架系统的动力学响应,探讨了衬套参数对功率传递的影响.研究结果表明,相比原始设计参数,采用优化算法得到的参数能够有效改善车辆悬架系统的综合减振性能,理论计算与仿真数据的结果相互验证了所建模型的正确性,衬套的优化选型有助于进一步提高车辆悬架系统的减振性能.     

含惯容器的两级汽车悬架振动性能

在机电相似理论的基础上,基于“惯容器”具有与“电容器”相类似的通高频、阻低频的特性,建立了每一级中均含有“惯容器-弹簧-阻尼器”(inerter-spring-damper,ISD)的两级ISD悬架系统的单轮车辆模型.仿真分析了汽车悬架的惯质系数对两级ISD悬架系统传递特性的影响,在频域和时域内分别探讨了随机和脉冲输入下汽车悬架系统的动力学响应.研究结果表明:在满足车身加速度增益的要求下,适当提高惯质系数可以改善两级ISD悬架系统的减振性能.两级ISD悬架具有比经典ISD悬架更好的低频减振性能.与传统被动悬架相比,两级ISD悬架具有更好的综合减振性能.     

ISD悬架的一体化设计与分析

为提高某样车隔振性能,探讨"惯容器—弹簧—阻尼"(ISD,Inerter-Spring-Damper)悬架一体化集成技术的实现方法,设计一款ISD一体化悬置,分析了三元件的设计过程,并建立三自由度四分之一模型,对比了传统悬置和ISD悬置振动响应仿真结果。结果表明,相比于传统悬置,ISD悬置的驾驶室加速度、悬置动行程和车体加速度分别降低了3.27%、21.05%、0.773%。可见,ISD悬置是一款性能优异、易于工程布置以及可广泛应用的ISD一体化悬架系统,能有效提高隔振性能,可实现弹簧、惯容器、阻尼元件同轴一体化的设计目标。     

基于遗传算法的汽车主动悬架LQG控制器的设计

采用合适种群规模遗传算法,寻求在一定范围内满足车身垂向加速度、轮胎垂向变形量、悬架动挠度均方根值相对于被动悬架都降低的最优加权系数,设计了基于遗传算法的汽车主动悬架线性LQG控制器。Matlab/Simulink仿真实验表明:采用合适种群规模遗传算法选取最优加权系数的用时数只需常规编程的1.17%;采用最优加权系数的LQG控制器的汽车主动悬架,可以在不影响汽车操纵稳定性和悬架行程的前提下,很好地提高汽车的行驶平顺性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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