Oxygenation of a dipyrromethene model for bilirubin: formation of a singlet oxygen-like product.

An oxodipyrromethene model compound for bilirubin is found to undergo oxidation to a blue tetrapyrrole and a water-propentdyopent on a silica gel thin layer chromatography plate. The reaction involves ground state oxygen and requires silica gel, although the propentdyopent is an expected product from reaction with singlet oxygen.     

Occurence of diploid drones in a neotropical bumblebee

Zusammenfassung Mutter-Sohn-Kreuzung bei der südamerikanischen HummelBombus atratus Franklin ergab diploide Männchen mit normalen Arbeiterinnen im Verhältnis von 3 zu 1. Tur Interpretation des genetischen Mechanismus wurden 2 geschlechtsgebundene Loci angenommen, als bisher angenommen wurde, was für einen älteren Mechanismus bei Apiden spricht.

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This study was made possible by a grant of the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).

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Acknowledgment. I would like to thank Dr.W. E. Kerr, Dr.R. Zucchi and Dr.S. F. Sakagami for their excellent assistance during the course of this investigation as well during the translation. I also would like to thank Dr.R. H. Crozier for his suggestions and comments and I extend my thankfulness to professorsJ. Chaud Netto andZ. Silveira.     

Paroxysmal discharges in the electroencephalogram of the El mouse

Summary The spike discharges in the EEG of the El mouse, a seizure-susceptible strain, were recorded during convulsive seizures. This fact provides evidence that those seizures are really epileptic convulsions.I thank Dr.K. Imaizumi and Dr.K. Nakano of National Institute of Health for their sharing the strain of El mouse to us and MissY. Nakamoto and Mr.N. Ozawa for their technical assistance and Mr.K. Moriyama for his care for the mice, and also thank Dr. H.Narabayashi for his criticism on this paper.     

Graft-versus-host reaction and lymphoid organs in normally fed and protein-deprived rats

Summary Lymph node graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) induced by parental splenic lymphocytes inoculated into hind foot pads of F-1 hybrid rats is correlated with the state of the thymus and the spleen of the recipients. This may explain the depression of the reaction after protracted protein deprivation. Furthermore, GVHR provokes mainly in normal rats a reduction of thymus and spleen possibly due to a T-cell transfer to the grafted area.I thank Mrs.M. Cl. Gonzalez and Mr.D. Soulas (C.N.R.S.) for their skilled technical assistance.     

Paraensine,a new indolopyridoquinazoline alkaloid fromEuxylophora paraënsis Hub.

Riassunto Dalla corteccia dellaEuxylophora paraënsis Hub. viene isolata la paraensina (I) che si rivela essere il primo alcaloide di tipo indolopiridochinazolinico a contenere una unità isoprenica.

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Acknowledgments. The authors thank Prof.L. Canonica for his interest in the work. Thanks are also due to Dr.G. Severini Ricca for the NMR-spectra, and to Dr.T. Salvatori for mass spectra.     

Diphasic action of the aliphatic amide,HOE 17879, on hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes in the mouse

Summary -Hydroxy--ethylbutyryl-diethylamide (HOE 17879) influences the hepatic microsomal drug hydroxylating enzyme system of mice in a two-phasic way: First it reduces the overall reaction of drug hydroxylation but not the single enzymes whilst in the second period it increases enzyme activities.Acknowledgments. The authors are indebted to their colleague, Dr.K. Schmitt, for making the substance HOE 17879 available. They wish to thank to Mr.Mayer, Mr.Paulusch Mrs.Fey, Mrs.Stein, and MissFehlings for their skilful assistance in the project.     

Phosphatidyl-N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-alanine synthesis of distearoyl L-α-glycerylphosphoryl-N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-alanine

Zusammenfassung Die erste Synthese eines Phosphatidyl-N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-alanins wird beschrieben.

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Dedicated to Professor Dr.Erich Baer in honour of his 70th birthday.

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The nomenclature used in this communication is that used byFischer andBaer for well-nigh 4 decades. However, according to the rules of IUPAC-IUB commission this should be 1,2-distearoylsn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-alanine.

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The authors thank the National Institute of Health (USA) and the Medical Research Council (Canada) for making the grants available to ProfessorE. Baer, which made this work possible.

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The authors thank Dr.J. von Euw and Professor Dr.T. Reichstein of the University of Basel (Switzerland) for kindly providing the rotation. As the optical purity is a very important criterion of the activity of the phospholipids; this has been determined on the Schmid and Heansch polarimeter (visual) as well as on the Perkin Elmer polarimeter (photoelectric) with excellent agreement.     

A comparison of the variability of muscle,hair, lens and plasma proteins

Résumé Trois groupes de protéines structurelles (celles de la lentille, celle des muscles, et celles du poil) furent comparés aux protéines de plasma, en utilisant l'électrophorèse en gel polyacrylamide. Les variations apparaissant chez 4 espèces de rongeurs furent examinées et on trouva que les protéines de plasma varient plus que les autres. L'importance de ces résultats dans la recherche d'une évolution possible de ces protéines est considérée.

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It is a pleasure to thank ProfessorB. C. Clarke, Mrs.R. M. Clayton and Dr.D. E. S. Truman for valuable discussions. This work was carried out during the tenure of a Research Studentship from the Medical Research Council.     

Ring-canals and intercellular communication within the egg-chamber of a tsetse fly species

Zusammenfassung In der Ovariole der Tsetsefliege werden 15 Trophozyten und eine Oozyte festgestellt, die in wohlgeordneter Weise durch 15 Ringbildungen miteinander verbunden sind. Eine Anordnung, welche die Rekonstruktion der vorausgegangenen Mitosen dieser 16 Zellen möglich macht.

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This work was supported by a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation. I wish to thank Mrs. D.McLachlan and Mr.P. Lisamulla for technical assistance and the East African Trypanosomiasis Research Organization, Tororo, for the provision of tsetse flies.     

The effect of sulfhydryl reagents on cation binding by membrane fragments

Zusammenfassung Nachweis an Lebermikrosomen der Ratte, dass Sulfhydryl Reagenzienp-Chloromercuribenzoat (pCMB) undp-Chloromercuribenzol Sulfonat (pCMBS) die Bindung von Magnesium und Calcium ungefähr um 20% vermindern.

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I wish to thank Dr.George L. Ellman for several of the sulfhydryl reagents and for discussions relating to the present study. I also wish to thank Mr.Thian Vui Mark Lee for his capable assistance during the course of this investigation.     

Quantitative ultrastructural differences in the mitochondrium of pleomorphic bloodforms ofTrypanosoma brucei

Zusammenfassung Morphometrisch wird gezeigt, dass die stumpfe Blutform («stumpy form») vonTrypanosoma brucei ein grösseres Mitochondrium besitzt als die schlanke Form («slender form»). Die strukturelle Zusammensetzung des Mitochondriums bleibt annähernd gleich.

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This work has partly been supported by the Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung.

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The authors wish to thank ProfessorE. R. Weibel for his interest in this work. We also thank MissS. Bleiker and MrK. Babl for their skillful technical assistance.     

A transmission and scanning electron microscope study of primary neural induction

Summary Normal primary neural induction has been further studied by TEM and SEM. A single mesoderm cell is usually in contact with several ectoderm cells. The mesoderm cells are also contacting other mesoderm cells. It is suggested that ectoderm cells are induced in groups and that induction is synchronized by these contacts. At the points of contact between mesoderm and ectoderm cells cytoplasmic changes are present in the induced tissue.Acknowledgments. M. A. E. would like to thank Prof.F. Beck in whose department this work was conducted. An especial acknowledgment to Mr.Jeff Smith for technical assistance.S. V. C. would like to thank Prof.R. P. Dale in whose department the SEM photographs were prepared.     

The hydrolysis of polyimides

Zusammenfassung Nachweis, dass die alkalische Hydrolyse des Phthalimids durch eine N-Succinimidgruppe erhöht wird. Während der alkalischen Hydrolyse des Polysuccinimids fällt die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit infolge Auftretens negativer Ladungen ab.

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Contribution No. 251 of the Institute for Space Biosciences. The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, financial support by NASA grant No. NsG-173-62. We thank Dr.M. Kasha for use of facilities of the Institute for Molecular Biophysics. We thank Mr. Ch.R. Windsor for performing amino acid analyses.     

Alleviation of the toxicity of actinomycin D by uridine and thymidine on the morphogenesis of chick embryos cultivated in vitro

Zusammenfassung Untersuchung über die Wirkung von Actinomycin D auf Primitivstreifen- und Entwicklungsstadien der Kopfregion bei Hühnerembryonen in vitro: Anormale Entwicklung des Zentralnervensystems, der Somiten und des Herzens; diese Effekter konnten durch Thymidin oder Uridin zum Teil aufgehoben werden.

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One of us (S.M.K.) wishes to thank the UGC for financial assistance

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We thank Dr.P. N. Joshi of biochemistry and Mr.S. Biswas of statistics for their valuable help in the discussion.     

Atypical muscle cells in the wall of the renal calix and pelvis with a note on their possible significance

Zusammenfassung Es werden atypische Muskelzellen beschrieben, welche sich um die Nierenbeckenkelche und die Nierenbecken befinden. Dabei handelt es sich um glatte Muskelfasern, die wahrscheinlich im Nierenbecken-Uretergebiet endigen und deren Einfluss auf die Aktivität des Ureters diskutiert wird.

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I wish to thank Prof. G. A. G.Mitchell for his interest and Mr. A. N.Waas for valuable technical assistance.     

Occurrence of adrenaline and noradrenaline cells in the adrenal gland of the gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua)

Resumen Se investigó con microscopía óptica y electrónica y aplicando la técnica de glutaraldehido-plata la distribución y características de las células que contienen adrenalina y noradrenalina en el pinguino Papúa (Pygosceles papua).

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I thank Dr. J. H.Tramezzani and Dr. G. F.Wassermann for their important advice. I thank also Mrs.Isabel López de Farías for her technical assistance. This work was supported in part by the Argentine Antarctic Institute.     

A new method of estimating micropipette tip diameter

Zusammenfassung Eine neue und einfache Methode zur Bestimmung des Durchmessers von Mikropipetten wird beschrieben.

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The authors wish to thank Dr.G. P. Findlay and Dr.P. J. Crowcroft for useful comments.     

Electron microscopic observation of the balloon-formation of isolated spinach chloroplasts

Zusammenfassung Die Ballonbildung isolierter Spinatchloroplasten wurde elektronenoptisch untersucht.

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The authors wish to thank Dr. Y.Kishida for his helpful advice in electron microscopy.     

Induction of delayed hypersensitivity by carrageenan

Zusammenfassung Nachweis einer Sensibilisierung des Meerschweinchens durch intradermale Injektion von Carrageenan, was zu «passiv übertragbaren» Spätreaktionen führte.

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The authors wish to thank to MissI. Kawana, MissA. Saito and MissA. Chida for their technical assistance and Prof.Y. Horiuchi for his advice.     

A stereospecific approach to diterpene alkaloids with a bridge across ring B

Zusammenfassung Die Herstellung eines Schlüsselprodukts für die Synthese von Alkaloiden des Songorin- und Delphinin-Typs wird beschrieben.

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We wish to thank the Hoffmann La Roche Company Inc., Nutley, New Jersey, and specifically Dr.A. Brossi, not only for financial support but also for collaboration and help. Financial support by the National Research Council of Canada is gratefully acknowledged.