基于本体的VSM在兴趣型学习社区分组中的应用

采用语义网络技术,提出了基于本体的向量空间模型(VSM),计算学习者的兴趣向量,克服了传统的VSM有术语间语义相关性被忽略的不足,提高了兴趣相似性比较的精确程度,同时提出了一种基于学习者兴趣相似匹配度和学习者兴趣匹配浓度的学习社区自组织分组算法.针对模型使用本体中的概念构造向量空间表现出的巨大维数,运用概念索引降维法对兴趣特征矩阵进行合理降维,大大降低了计算的复杂性.最后通过应用案例验证分析了该模型算法具有较高的分组效率和良好的扩展性.     

基于《知网》义原空间的文本相似度计算

针对向量空间模型特征项正交的假设和缺乏语义的缺点,本文在广义向量空间模型的基础上,提出了一种基于《知网》义原的向量空间模型,利用义原的相似度实现文本相似度的计算。通过文本特征项的TF-IDF权重将文本表示为《知网》义原空间中的向量,并利用义原向量之间的夹角实现对文本相似度的计算。通过文本聚类实验对比了本文提出的方法与VSM和GVSM模型,实验结果表明本文提出的方法在语义相似度计算方面相比GVSM和VSM有所提高。     

基于知识图及 VSM的儿童学习者行为特征相似度计算

在学习社区中,学习者之间的相似度计算是进行分组的重要技术依据。本文介绍了一种基于知识图及VSM(Vector Space Model)的儿童学习者行为特征相似度计算算法,对网络儿童学习者进行分组。通过实验验证该算法能够较为高效、准确地计算出儿童学习者之间学习行为特征的相似性,并以此为依据进行有效的分组。     

混合语义模型的产品知识文档检索

为解决产品知识文档检索过程中遇到的问题,提出一种基于混合语义模型的检索方法.该方法将传统的用户查询需求扩展为用户偏好、语境和用户查询混合而成的语义集合,并对知识文档和用户需求进行基于本体的模糊概念表达.对于知识文档,选择领域本体的叶节点来构造文本概念向量,根据概念在本体图中的深度、携带的信息量,及出现在文档与语料库中的频度来计算权重.同样采用本体表达知识语境与查询语义,建立用户偏好模型.针对检索模型的不同组成,阐述了相应的相似度计算方法,采用概念的语义距离计算用户当前语境和文档语境之间的相似度,用余弦法计算查询语义、用户偏好与文档的相似度.最后用实验验证了该方法的检索效果优于传统的向量空间方法.     

一种模糊概念相似度的计算方法

由于现有的经典本体映射方法以及相似度计算方法无法处理模糊信息,因此它们都无法计算模糊概念之间的相似度.为此,提出了一种新的基于向量空间模型的模糊概念相似度计算方法SimFC-VSM(similarityoffuzzyconceptbasedonvectorspacemodel).SimFC-VSM方法首先利用模糊本体中的模糊关系构建向量空间模型;然后将模糊概念表示成此向量空间模型中的向量;最后通过向量运算的方法来计算模糊概念之间的相似度.因此,所提出的方法SimFC-VSM可以有效地利用向量空间模型来计算模糊概念之间的相似度.     

一种基于特征加权的文本相似度计算算法

文本相似度的计算是文本挖掘的基础。传统的基于向量空间模型(VSM)的文本相似度计算方法把文本映射成词向量,再利用余弦距离公式来计算相似度,这样存在文本向量维数过高以及语义敏感度差的问题。针对以上问题,通过对词性以及权值大小的过滤可以缩减特征词规模,在一定程度上可以减少高维稀疏的情况发生,并且引入LDA模型的文本隐含主题特征,增加文本表示的语义背景,通过线性加权的方式结合VSM模型的特征词特征和LDA模型的主题特征,计算文本相似度。实验表明,与单独使用VSM模型和LDA模型比较,利用加权特征计算文本相似度有着更好的效果。     

基于MapReduce计算框架的文档领域本体模型构建

针对传统文档表示模型中语义关系缺失、特征词权重计算单一及海量数据的实时处理等问题,基于领域本体概念间的语义关系,结合MapReduce框架,提出一种特征权重自适应增强的文档领域本体模型(EAS-VSM)构建算法。该算法通过构造概念语义关系矩阵,将领域本体中概念之间的语义关系增强至每一个概念特征词中,从而实现概念特征词权重的自适应增强。实验结果显示,算法的加速比和可扩展性两项指标与数据规模呈明显的线性关系,证实模型的并行算法性能良好,且相较于传统的VSM和LSA模型,EAS-VSM模型计算的结果与专家经验更为接近,更能反映文档间的相似程度。     

基于对偶理论的本体稀疏向量学习算法

作为一种语义计算和结构化信息存储模型,本体已被广泛应用于生物、物理、地理信息系统等多个领域.在本体学习算法中,本体图顶点所对应的概念信息用一个多维向量来表示.但在大部分应用背景下,顶点之间的相似度取决于少部分分量.基于对偶理论得到本体稀疏向量的计算方法,将该算法应用于数学本体和大学本体,通过P@N准备率来说明算法的效率.     

信息检索技术中基于语义的扩展查询研究

用户查询与文档之间语义匹配但词法不匹配现象是影响信息检索效果的重要原因之一。鉴于语义检索受限于本体自身的质量,为了降低其对检索效果的影响,通过分析目前语义查询扩展的研究现状,在已有概念相似度计算算法研究基础上进行改进和融合,提出了一种基于本体的信息检索查询扩展方法,并主要对基于本体技术的概念相似度计算算法进行修正,得到了组合向量空间模型QCR(Q,Ci)=∑k=1,…,Kwk-Sim_Rel(qK,Ci),作为引入查询扩展后的查询结果相关度评价方法。这种方法中,通过建立本体模型并计算本体中概念间的语义相似度来确定扩展查询词,它可以根据用户输入的名称,检索出相关文档并由用户自由设置相似度阈值,并将普通主题检索与语义检索合并,在本体乏力时返回普通检索结果,这在一定程度上弥补了垂直检索系统发展的不足。
     

信息检索技术中基于语义的扩展查询研究

用户查询与文档之间语义匹配但词法不匹配现象是影响信息检索效果的重要原因之一。鉴于语义检索受限于本体自身的质量,为了降低其对检索效果的影响,通过分析目前语义查询扩展的研究现状,在已有概念相似度计算算法研究基础上进行改进和融合,提出了一种基于本体的信息检索查询扩展方法,并主要对基于本体技术的概念相似度计算算法进行修正,得到了组合向量空间模型QCR(Q,Ci)=∑k=1,…,Kwk*Sim_Rel(qK,Ci),作为引入查询扩展后的查询结果相关度评价方法。这种方法中,通过建立本体模型并计算本体中概念间的语义相似度来确定扩展查询词,它可以根据用户输入的名称,检索出相关文档并由用户自由设置相似度阈值,并将普通主题检索与语义检索合并,在本体乏力时返回普通检索结果,这在一定程度上弥补了垂直检索系统发展的不足。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with