生物催化脱除柴油中有机硫的研究

国际上对燃料油的硫含量要求越来越严格,生物脱硫法(BDS)相比于传统的加氢脱硫(HDS)具有更广阔的应用前景.我们从自然界筛选到一组能专一性脱除二苯并噻吩(DBT)中硫元素的菌株YS-S-4,高效液相色谱(HPLC)对代谢产物的分析表明该菌能选择性地脱除DBT中的硫,生成2-羟基联苯(2-HBP).以DBT为硫源考察了pH值,碳源,氮源,硫源等对菌株YS-S-4生长及脱硫效果的影响.并在最佳条件下,能脱除正十六烷模拟柴油相中83·14%的DBT硫.     

红球菌属菌株lawq发酵及脱硫应用研究

红球菌属菌株lawq是专一性脱硫菌,其脱硫酶系由dszA、dszB和dszC组成,其中关键酶是dszC。以脱硫活力作为产脱硫酶系的基准,研究了C、N和S对产酶的影响,实验结果发现甘油是最佳的碳源,适宜的质量浓度为2g/L;氯化铵是合适氮源,适宜质量浓度为2g/L;二苯并噻吩(DBT)是最佳硫源,适宜浓度为0．2mmol/L;以DBT为唯一硫源考察了pH、温度和装液量对lawq生长的影响,结果表明该菌的最适生长pH为7．0,最适生长温度为33℃,溶氧对菌体生长有较大影响。利用该菌体对油品进行脱硫实验,发现32h可以将油品中硫脱除50．47％,说明该菌具有工业应用前景。     

吡啶降解菌的筛选及作用机理研究

煤中有机氮主要以吡啶、吡咯结构形式存在。为了探索微生物对煤中有机氮的脱除效果,采用平板固体筛选和液体筛选相结合的方法,以模型化合物吡啶作为氮源对降解菌进行筛选,得到吡啶降解能力较高的JH-2菌株。通过分析影响菌种降解能力的因素,如培养基种类、接种量、pH值及温度等,获得JH-2菌株降解吡啶的最佳实验条件：以葡萄糖为碳源,温度35～40℃,pH值为7。在此条件下,吡啶降解率可达到40．9％。对JH-2菌株降解吡啶机理的初步研究表明,吡啶中的氮在降解酶的作用下转化为NH4^＋离子,并作为微生物生长代谢过程中的氮源被消耗利用。     

头孢拉定降解菌的驯化、筛选及降解性能的初步研究

从抗生素生产厂污水排放口取得菌种,并在实验室中驯化、筛选出能以头孢拉定为唯一碳源生长的好氧菌群,经过平板分离纯化得到3株菌种。进行了各菌种以0,5,10,15,20,25mgL-1头孢拉定为唯一碳源的4d生长情况试验,同时进行了10mgL-1头孢拉定中生长4d的菌种生长及降解初步试验。结果表明,经过12代的驯化,筛选出的好氧混合菌群CDB,在底物浓度为0-25 mgL－1时, 4d内均有最佳的生长和降解能力,而分离纯化得到的单株菌中,CDB3菌株的生长情况及其降解能力均较强。各菌种的生长情况与其降解能力具有对应关系。     

柱状田头菇菌丝体生长与碳氮营养关系研究

柱状田头菇的菌丝体生长能利用单糖、双糖和多糖作为碳源，以葡萄糖、羟甲基纤维素钠和市售白糖为最佳；醇糖则不能作为碳源被利用。有机和无机氮源均可被该菇菌丝体吸收、利用，以蛋白胨和1－半胱氨酸为最佳氮源。该菇菌丝体可在较广的C／N范围内生长，以35／1为最适的C／N。     

石油生物脱硫菌UP-1培养及反应条件的优化

利用从胜利油田的土壤和污水中筛选到的能降解二苯并噻吩(DBT)的施氏假单胞菌UP 1,考察了培养温度、时间、pH值对菌种生长的影响,以及底物浓度、反应温度和反应时间对菌株UP 1脱硫性能的影响,并考察了UP 1静息细胞的重复使用性能。结果表明,UP 1最佳培养温度为30℃,培养时间为24h,培养基的pH为7.5;脱硫反应适宜的DBT质量浓度为500mg/L,反应温度为30℃,反应时间为20h;UP 1静息细胞具有可循环使用的脱硫活性。     

头孢拉定降解菌的驯化、筛选及降解性能

从抗生素生产厂污水排放口取得菌种,并在实验室中驯化、筛选出能以头孢拉定为唯一碳源生长的好氧菌群,经过平板分离纯化得到3株菌种.进行了各菌种以0、5、10、15、20、25 mg/L头孢拉定为唯一碳源的4 d生长情况试验,同时进行了10 mg/L头孢拉定中生长4 d的菌种生长及降解初步试验.结果表明,经过12代的驯化,筛选出的好氧混合菌群CDB(Cefradine Degradable Bacteria),在底物质量浓度为0～25 mg/L时, 4 d内均有最佳的生长和降解能力,而分离纯化得到的单株菌中,CDB3菌株的生长情况及其降解能力均较强.各菌种的生长情况与其降解能力具有对应关系.     

Pseudomonas sp. QG6降解喹啉过程中除磷特性及影响因素研究

从工业废水处理系统中分离出一株以喹啉为唯一碳源和氮源的假单胞菌QG6 (Pseudomonas sp. QG6), 用于喹啉降解同步除磷, 并采用正交实验设计优化出最佳条件。菌株QG6具有较好的喹啉降解能力, 12小时内能将96~144 mg/L的喹啉完全降解。菌株QG6在好氧条件下具有除磷能力, 不存在喹啉的条件下, 以有机碳为碳源、无机氮为氮源、初始磷酸盐浓度为8.69~19.41 mg/L时, 20小时内能去除磷酸盐86%以上。初始喹啉浓度为144 mg/L (其自身的碳氮比约7:1)、磷酸盐浓度为10 mg/L时, 若不外加有机碳源, 喹啉在12小时内被降解完全, 同一时段内除磷率仅为33%。外加有机碳源至碳氮比20:1且其他条件都相同时, 喹啉降解 效果不受影响, 且同步除磷率提高到 86%。正交实验表明, 外加碳源条件下喹啉降解的最佳条件按影响大小排列为: 初始喹啉浓度200 mg/L, 温度25°C, pH 8, 摇床转速120 rpm; 除磷最佳条件为: 摇床转速100 rpm, 温度为25°C, 初始喹啉浓度150 mg/L, pH 9。     

橡椀单宁降解菌的筛选及降解条件

从自然环境中分离、筛选出了降解橡Wan单宁能力较强的菌株，并对该菌株降解单宁的培养条件进行分析，结果表明，28－32℃、pH4.5培养8d为橡Wan单宁的最适降解条件。在此条件下，对此菌株驯化，有效提高了该菌株的耐单宁性及单宁降解率。通过研究外加碳源、氮源及碳氮比对该菌株降解单宁的影响，发现这3个因素均明显影响微生物对单宁的降解。在适宜的培养条件下，该降解菌在以葡萄糖为外加碳源，以硝酸铵为氮源，碳氮比为10：1的条件下，单宁的降解率最高，并发现在一定范围内，碳氮比高有利于菌株降解单宁，而碳氮化低则不利于单定的降解。     

五氯酚钠生物降解菌的初步筛选

用五氯酚钠浓度梯度培养基平板,从土样中筛选五氯酚钠耐受菌;再以五氯酚钠为唯一碳源进行摇瓶培养,筛选五氯酚钠降解菌。以不同浓度的五氯酚钠药物培养基对五氯酚钠降解菌的耐受能力进行测定。结果筛选出对五氯酚钠的耐受能力为0.8 g/L的菌株,并能以五氯酚钠为唯一碳源生长的细菌3株。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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