云南普朗超大型斑岩铜矿特征及成矿模型

普朗斑岩铜矿床位于义敦岛弧带南端,是中国目前可以确定的印支期斑岩铜矿床的典型代表.矿床产于由石英闪长玢岩、石英二长斑岩小岩株组成的复式岩体中,通过野外观察和典型地质体的辉钼矿Re-Os年龄、黑云母Ar/Ar年龄和K-Ar年龄测定,确定成矿年龄为(213±3.8)～(216.0±1) Ma,为晚三叠世诺利期,表明普朗斑岩铜矿床的成矿作用在印支期完成.含矿岩体蚀变分带明显,由中心向外发育强硅化带(局部)→钾长石、黑云母化带→石英、绢云母化带→青磐岩化带(局部发育伊利石-碳酸岩化带).工业矿体主要产于石英二长斑岩中的钾长石、黑云母化带和石英、绢云母化带.矿床具有斑岩铜矿中下部细粒状浸染、中上部细网脉状浸染和顶部围岩中产出大脉状矿体的"三层楼"模式.其斑岩体、元素组合及矿化特征与蒙古的欧玉·陶勒盖斑岩铜矿可以对比,资源潜力巨大.     

喇嘛苏铜矿区铅同位素特征及其意义——铅同位素年龄计算的一种新思路

喇嘛苏矿床的硫化物单矿物铅同位素呈线性分布,但其拟合直线与铅同位素生长线只有一个交点．它们是二元混合铅继续演化的结果．拟合直线的斜率反映二元混合的时间．计算结果表明,喇嘛苏矿床成矿物质最初混合的时间是１．７６Ｇａ,铅同位素μ值表明物质具有地幔与上地壳的混合来源．经过一段时间的演化后,海西期通过中元古代初期构造层的重熔形成岩浆,引起喇嘛苏矿区的大规模成矿作用．     

Isotopic composition of helium in eclogite from the Dabie Mountains, central China and its geological significance

Isotopic geochemical characteristics of helium in garnet and omphacite of eclogite in the Dabie Mountains are discussed. Concentrations of³He and⁴He in garnet and omphacite are 3.9 × 10⁻¹⁴–24.0 × 10⁻¹⁴ and 0.48 × 10⁻⁷–9.42 × 10⁻⁷cm¹³.g⁻¹, respectively. Values of³He/⁴He have a range of (1.19–4.63) × 10⁻⁷. Helium In the eclogite is derived from both mantle and crust. Isotopic geochemical data of helium indicate that eclogite in the Dabie Mountains might be formed in depleted mantle and the age of the cologite would be Indo-China epoch.     

Geochronologic constraints on magmatic intrusions and mineralization of the Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit in Gangdese,Tibet

In situ zircon U-Pb ages for the recently discovered Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit in the western part of the Gangdese metallogenic belt in Tibet were determined by sensitive high-resolution ion mi-croprobe(SHRIMP) . The ages can be divided into two separate groups,reflecting more than four major tectono-magmatic events in the area. The 62.5±2.5 Ma age of inherited zircons may be related to the volcanic eruption of the Linzizong Group formed shortly after the India-Asia continental collision. The 50.1±3.6 Ma age most likely corresponds to the time of underplating of mantle-derived mafic magma in Gangdese. The 15.6±0.6 Ma age obtained from magmatic zircons is interpreted as the age of crystalli-zation of the Zhunuo ore-forming porphyry. Finally,a molybdenite Re-Os isochron age of 13.72±0.62 Ma is consistent with another zircon U-Pb age of 13.3 ±0.2 Ma,representing the time of copper mineraliza-tion. These ages,in combination with available literature data,indicate that magmatic crystallization and copper mineralization in the Gangdese metallogenic belt became gradually younger westward,and further suggest that the Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit was formed in the same tectonic stage as other porphyry copper deposits in the eastern and central Gangdese belt. This conclusion provides critical information for future exploration of porphyry copper deposits in western Gangdese.     

Geochronolosic constraints on masmatic intrusions and mineralization of the Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit in Gansdese, Tibet

In situ zircon U-Pb ages for the recently discovered Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit in the western part of the Gangdese metallogenic belt in Tibet were determined by sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe （SHRIMP）. The ages can be divided into two separate groups, reflecting more than four major tectono-magmatic events in the area. The 62.5±2.5 Ma age of inherited zircons may be related to the volcanic eruption of the Linzizong Group formed shortly after the India-Asia continental collision. The 50.1±3.6 Ma age most likely corresponds to the time of underplating of mantle-derived mafic magma in Gangdese. The 15.6±0.6 Ma age obtained from magmatic zircons is interpreted as the age of crystallization of the Zhunuo ore-forming porphyry. Finally, a molybdenite Re-Os isochron age of 13.72±0.62 Ma is consistent with another zircon U-Pb age of 13.3±0.2 Ma, representing the time of copper mineralization. These ages, in combination with available literature data, indicate that magmatic crystallization and copper mineralization in the Gangdese metallogenic belt became gradually younger westward, and further suggest that the Zhunuo porphyry copper deposit was formed in the same tectonic stage as other porphyry copper deposits in the eastern and central Gangdese belt. This conclusion provides critical information for future exploration of porphyry copper deposits in western Gangdese.     

从《滇南矿厂图略》看清代云南铸币铜矿的运输问题

结合《滇南矿厂图略》的内容（主要是下卷）,并参考其他文献资料,从运输线路、运输成本、运输管理等方面．对清代云南铸币铜矿的运输问题进行了研究．并对运输线路的变迁作了初步分析．     

德兴铜厂斑岩铜矿流体过程

从德兴斑岩铜矿床中蚀变矿物、包裹体记录及同位素组成的时空变化，示踪成矿热液流体来源、演化过程及迁移途径。氧、锶同位素空间变化表明，虽然与铜厂斑岩铜矿成矿过程有关的热液流体至少有3种，包括高温岩浆流体、来自深部围岩的非岩浆流体和大气降水，但是起主导作用的是岩浆流体。岩浆流体通过沸腾作用或不混溶作用而形成，它携带成矿物质从深部向上部及边部迁移、聚集，并在演化过程中引起围岩蚀变和金矿矿化。铜厂地区存在着两种不同成因的伊利石，热液成因的伊利石以1M型、结晶度较差的含膨胀层为特征,而沉积浅变质成因的伊利石以2M1型、结晶度完好和不含膨胀层为特征，而且前在空间上分布在离接触带不到2km的范围内，从而指示了热液流体活动的空间规模。Nd、Sr同位素在空间上的变化则表明，在成矿流体作用过程中，Nd同位素相对稳定，斑岩的εNd变化在－0．76－－3．60范围内，表明岩浆系壳－幔混合来源。而Sr同位素初始比由斑岩体内部向围岩接触带则呈有规律升高带附近富集而成的。     

滇西晚古生代以来的构造演化

滇西晚古生代以来的构造演化与特提斯演化密切相关。泥盆纪—石炭纪,伴随古特提斯洋开启,扬子大陆边缘发生裂解,兰坪—思茅地块、保山地块等相继形成独立地块,其间被哀牢山洋、昌宁—孟连洋分隔。晚二叠世,古特提斯洋关闭,滇西发生造山作用,其间在李仙江和澜沧江一带曾出现过火山岛弧。中三叠世,伴随中特提斯洋开启,地壳拉张裂陷,兰坪—思茅盆地开始形成。晚三叠世末—早侏罗世,中特提斯关闭,本区再次发生造山作用,造成下侏罗统缺失、从中侏罗世开始,由于新特提斯洋开启,地壳再次下沉接受沉积。喜马拉雅造山运动使新特提斯洋关闭,本区地壳大面积隆升,并在早期左行、晚期右行走滑断裂的影响下,形成一系列的走滑拉分盆地。晚古生代以来本区构造时开时合,整体显示手风琴式的演化特征。     

威宁铜厂河玄武岩型铜矿成矿物源研究

通过成矿物源岩浆活动显示、成矿物源微量元素表现、成矿物源稀土元素研究、成矿物源铅同位数示踪、成矿物源的硫同位素和包裹体讨论,得出铜厂河玄武岩型铜矿的成矿物源,其中岩浆活动与铜矿形成存在直接联系.铜矿形成有后期流体作用,成矿物质不是来源于上部地壳.铜厂河矿石和玄武岩样品稀土元素特征表明矿石与玄武岩具有同源性,暗示着铜元素成矿物质可能来源于玄武岩.铜矿石中矿物和玄武岩铅同位素组成非常吻合,显示了密切成因联系.它们很好地示踪了铜矿的成矿物质来源,玄武岩为该区铜矿提供了直接成矿物质.硫的来源有两部分,一部分硫来自于盆地沉积地层膏盐层,另一部分硫来自于玄武岩浆的火山喷气.包裹体的盐度和温度特征表明,成矿流体有大气降水的加入及流体被加热事件,成矿过程中发生了流体的混合作用.     

滇西土司在滇西抗战中的影响及其贡献

滇西抗战是发生在多民族聚居的云南边疆的一场反法西斯战争,在这场战争中,滇西土司同仇敌忾,一致抗日,谱写了一曲民族团结的爱国主义诗篇。在这场战争中,滇西各民族关系发生了一些明显变化,对滇西抗战产生了深刻的影响,构成了云南抗日战争史和民族关系学史的重要内容。     

滇西土司在滇西抗战中的影响及其贡献

滇西抗战是发生在多民族聚居的云南边疆的一场反法西斯战争,在这场战争中,滇西土司同仇敌忾,一致抗日,谱写了一曲民族团结的爱国主义诗篇。在这场战争中,滇西各民族关系发生了一些明显变化,对滇西抗战产生了深刻的影响,构成了云南抗日战争史和民族关系学史的重要内容。     

个旧超大型锡多金属矿床成矿流体来源的氦同位素证据

对取自个旧超大型锡多金属矿床层状矿体和接触带矿体的黄铁矿和磁黄铁矿样品进行流体包裹体的He同位素测定,其成矿流体中3He和4He的质量浓度分别为1.43×10-13～9.39×10-13 cm3/g和0.64×10-6～3.25×10-6 cm3/g,ρ3He/ρ4He=0.06～0.21 Ra.在考虑可导致矿体中成矿流体氦同位素质量浓度比值发生变化的各种因素的基础上,讨论了个旧锡多金属矿床成矿流体的成因.结果表明氦同位素地球化学资料反映出该矿床早期成矿流体中氦主源于地幔,应为海水与地幔流体混合形成.而后期大量富含地壳放射成因氦的燕山期花岗岩成矿流体对早期形成的矿源层或矿体进行叠加、改造.个旧超大型锡多金属矿床不是单纯的花岗岩成因矿床,也不是单纯的海底喷流成因矿床,而是同生沉积与岩浆热液叠加、改造的复合成因矿床.