经鼻内窥镜视神经管减压术的应用解剖学研究

通过８０具（１６０侧）云南地区成人颅骨标本的研究，测量了筛前孔－筛后孔、筛后孔－视神经管眶口内侧壁中点之间的距离分别为１１．３３、７．８８ｍｍ；鼻前棘到视神经管眶口内侧壁中点和蝶筛眶交角的距离及角度分别为６０．１６ｍｍ，４４．１°和６３．１７ｍｍ，４２．９°；视神经管眶口、颅口的横径和纵径分别为３．９８、４．６４、４．８５、４．０８ｍｍ；视神经管内侧壁的长度为９．６４ｍｍ。观察了视神经经管内侧壁与后组筛窦、蝶窦外侧壁之间毗邻关系，同时观察了１０具（２０侧）尸头视神经管与颈内动脉之间的关系，为经鼻内窥镜视神经管减压术提供了较确切的参考依据，有利于提高手术疗效和防止并发症     

鼻外经筛蝶竇进路视神经管减压术(摘要)

脑外伤患者中有6-8％伴有视神经管骨折。骨折片压迫视神经可引起视神经缺血、水肿和变性,最终导致永久性视力障碍甚至失明。唯一的有效治疗方法是尽早手术取除骨折碎片,全程开放视神经骨管以松解视神经的受压状态。作者采用鼻外经筛蝶窦进路视神经管减压术治疗了11例外伤性视神经管骨折导致失明的病人,有效率为72％。其中效果最好的一例在术后视力恢复到0.9,另外0.4,0.2各一例,0.1二例,0.05、0.01各一例,指动一例,其余三例无效。从上述病例的临床治疗中,可以看到:1、脑外伤后发生失明的时间越短,治     

头部钝挫伤后外伤性视神经病变患者视力自行恢复

4例头部钝挫伤患者,因间接的外伤性视神经病变当即失明(无光感),未经手术治疗,其视力得以恢复。其中1例未用皮质类固醇治疗,患眼视力恢复至20/50~(+2);另外2例在未用皮质类固醇治疗之前视力已开始恢复,用药后1例右眼恢复到20/15,1例左眼恢复至20/25~()-2;还有1例视力也恢复到20/200,并保留了有用的颞侧周边视野。许多研究者提倡用过激的外科疗法治疗间接性视神经病变,尤其是在激素治疗失败的情况下。然而,本文结果表明即使患者已无光感,用药治疗或者不用治疗也可     

鼻内窥镜,柯—陆手术联合进路治疗慢性鼻窦？…

探讨鼻内窥镜,柯－陆手术联合进路治疗伴有上颌窦病变的慢性鼻窦炎,鼻息肉的疗效。方法：对１０４例伴有上颌窦病变的慢性鼻窦炎患者行鼻内窥镜、柯－陆手术联合进路鼻窦手术,彻底清除病变。结果：术后随访６－１２个月,治愈８５例,好转１５例,无效４例,总有效率为９６．１％。     

罕见筛窦并眶内巨大骨瘤的临床治疗

目的:探讨筛窦并眶内骨瘤手术进路的选择,分析各种手术的方法和特点,以提高对该病的认识和诊治水平.方法:报告1例罕见的筛窦并眶内巨大骨瘤患者的临床资料,结合文献对筛窦骨瘤治疗方法进行探讨.结果:本病例在鼻内镜下经鼻入路彻底切除瘤体,术程顺利,病理证实为骨瘤.术后患者恢复良好,视力同前,眼球运动正常,无眶筋膜损伤,无眶内血肿,无眼球内陷,无复视,无溢泪,无脑脊液鼻漏,无鼻塞等并发症.结论:鼻窦骨瘤少见,直径30 mm或质量110 g的突入眶内的巨大骨瘤尤为罕见.随着鼻内镜技术的不断进步和成熟,经鼻入路鼻内镜下筛窦骨瘤的切除术成为首选的手术方式.     

新洁尔灭眼水治疗真菌性角膜炎

我科自１９９７年９月以来,采用本院制剂室配制成的０．０５％新洁尔灭眼水治疗真菌性角膜炎８例,均获得较为满意的疗效,现报告如下：１．临床资料：本文８例中,男性７例,女性１例,年龄３２～６７岁,起病至接受新洁尔灭眼水治疗时间２周以内３例,２～４周４例,另一例４４天,接诊前均未接受有效抗真菌药物治疗,均有眼部植物外伤史。２．诊断标准：（１）具有典型真菌性角膜溃疡形态;（２）较长时间使用抗生素及皮质类固醇药物无效;（３）刮片查获真菌或培养有真菌生长,本文所有病例均经刮片或真菌培养检查证实。３．治疗方法：…     

胡萝卜素产生菌红酵母R—93培养基营养条件研究

采用均匀设计的方法，优化胡萝卜素产生菌红酵母Ｒ－９３发酵培养基的营养条件，经回归分析和发酵试验得出最佳培养基配方（％）蔗糖为１．０，蛋白胨为１．２５；（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４为１．０ＫＨ２ＰＯ４为０．２８；ＭｇＳＯ４．７Ｈ２Ｏ为０．０２５，在此条件下，发酵指数可达到０．２６２ｇ（干菌体）．（Ｌ．ｈ）＾－１。     

多裂孔性视网膜脱离手术疗效分析

目的：评价多裂孔性视网膜脱离的治疗效果。方法：统计视网膜脱离的范围，裂孔数量及分布等，采用冷凝、外加压、环孔、放液及玻璃体内注气等术式中２种或２种以上手术方式封闭裂孔，促使视网膜复位，术后采用中药、血栓通、沃通汀等活血祛瘀，改善微循环，增进视力。结果：痊愈５６眼（９４．９２％），好转１眼（１．６９％），未愈２眼（３．３９％），视力增进５７眼（９６．６１％）。结论：多孔性视网膜脱离经手术治疗可获得满意疗效。     

离子敏感微电极的制作及参数测试

本文制作了Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋液态膜离子敏感微电极（Ｋ＋，Ｎａ＋—ＩＳＭＥ），并稳定了其制作条件，经测试，Ｋ＋—ＩＳＭＥ线性范围为１—１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为３．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对Ｎａ＋选择系数为２．６８×１０－４。电位飘移为±０．１ｍＶ／ｈ。Ｎａ＋—ＩＳＭＥ线性范围为１—２．０×１０－ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为５．０×１．０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对Ｋ＋的选择系数为１．８５×１０－２，对Ｃａ２＋的选择系数为１．４６。上述参数均满足生理实验要求，离子敏感微电极技术可做为生理学研究的重要手段。     

大型垂体腺瘤“经颅、经眶(经筛)、经蝶入路”的手术研究

对２５例大型垂体腺瘤采用经颅、经眶（经筛）及经蝶扩大切除骨瓣入路的新显微手术方法．结果：肿瘤全切者１６例（６４．０％），次全切者７例（２８％），部分切除者２例（８％）．本组病例术后常规给予放射治疗，临床症状与内分泌功能于术后复查均恢复至正常范围或明显改善，经过１～５．５年追踪尚未见复发者．此术式将经颅与经蝶两种入路于鞍结节处融合成一个大术野，扩大了手术视野，缩短了手术入路，有利于显微手术切除大型垂体腺瘤，提高了全切率．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that