水溶性苝酰亚胺功能荧光染料的合成与性质

通过在苝酰亚胺染料的亚胺位置引入寡聚乙二醇亲水功能基团,同时在苝酰亚胺染料的海湾位置引入硫醚取代基团,合成了水溶性苝酰亚胺功能荧光染料(PSPBI),其化学结构通过核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)、基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)得以证实.溶解性实验表明PSPBI在水中的溶解度大于10 mg/mL,说明其具有很好的水溶性.紫外吸收与荧光发射测试表明:PSPBI在480 nm和540 nm有2个吸收峰;荧光发射峰在620 nm.过氧化氢荧光滴定实验结果表明:PSPBI能够实现对过氧化氢的荧光增强响应,增强倍率为50倍;同时,其吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱都发生了蓝移,最大吸收峰蓝移了29 nm,最大发射峰蓝移了15 nm.     

EA/POSS纳米复合材料的相容性及热稳定性

采用紫外光固化技术,通过机械共混的方法制备了甲基-多面体齐聚倍半硅氧烷(甲基-POSS)质量分数分别为1%,5%,10%,15%的环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)/POSS纳米复合材料.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、EDS能谱分析及热重分析对环氧丙烯酸酯(EA)/POSS纳米复合材料进行研究.结果表明,在甲基-POSS质量分数较高时,EA/POSS纳米复合材料中存在甲基-POSS晶体,说明杂化材料中存在相分离.甲基-POSS在聚合物中以分子或团聚体的形式存在,并且随着POSS质量分数的增加,团聚体尺寸及数量都逐渐增多.甲基-POSS单体提高了复合材料的热稳定性,并且POSS的加入并没有影响聚合物的热降解机理.     

偶氮-苝酰亚胺二元功能染料的合成及其聚集体结构的调控

以3,5-二羟基苯甲醇和4-羟基-4’-硝基偶氮苯为原料合成一种新的含氨基的偶氮中间体,然后与1,6,7,12-四(4-叔丁基苯氧基)-3,4,9,10-苝四甲酸二酐缩合得到新型偶氮-苝酰亚胺二元染料(AZO-PTCDI)。采用紫外可见-吸收光谱和荧光光谱研究UV光照时间和浓度等因素对AZO-PTCDI光响应行为的影响。研究结果表明:AZO-PTCDI的浓度越大,偶氮基团在353 nm处的特征吸收峰强度随UV光照时间的延长而下降越缓慢,表明偶氮生色团由反式结构向顺式结构的转变速度越慢;对于相转移法组装形成的AZO-PTCDI聚集体结构,两相溶剂甲醇与三氯甲烷的体积比越大,越容易组装形成较规整的类纤维状结构;将未光照和UV光照后的AZO-PTCDI三氯甲烷溶液快速扩散到甲醇中所得到的聚集体形貌结构存在明显差异,前者表现为短的一维结构,后者为不规则的类球状结构,表明光照驱动偶氮基团的反式结构向顺式结构的转变导致苝酰亚胺的N-取代基的几何空间构型发生改变,削弱了分子间的π-π作用和烷基链的疏水作用力,致使聚集体分子排列无序化。     

基于位阻效应调控的D- A-π- A型三苯胺敏化染料的设计与性能研究

纯有机敏化染料分子结构，特别是染料分子的平面性变化能够有效调控分子的多种性能.将具有不同位阻效应的甲氧基和羟基基团分别引入到染料分子中，合成了具有D-A-π-A结构的敏化染料CS-75和CS-76,并对其结构和性能进行了深入研究.结果表明，具有较小位阻效应基团的CS-76的平面性更强，其产生较强的H-聚集导致荧光寿命和电子注入效率均低于CS-75,基于CS-76的电池器件的光电转换效率也较低.这项工作为纯有机敏化染料的分子设计提供参考.     

3种卤化氟硼二吡咯染料的理论光谱计算

氟硼二吡咯(BODIPY)染料是一种新型的荧光染料,具备优良的光物理和光化学能性质,是近来化学研究的一个热点.通过密度泛函理论B3LYP/genecp的方法优化计算3种卤化BODIPY染料的分子结构,探讨了其分子结构与前线轨道、能量的关系.运用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)计算它们在气相和溶液相中的吸收光谱.理论吸收光谱证实3种卤化BODIPY分子随着吸电子原子的增加及分子对称性的变化导致不同程度的红移,并且最大吸收峰均来自HOMO→LUMO(π→π*)跃迁.     

含苝聚几内酯荧光微球的制备及其用于细胞荧光成像的研究

本论文首先以苝二酸酐和二甘醇胺为原料合成得到了苝酰亚胺羟基衍生物(PBI-OH),再以PBI-OH作为引发剂引发ε-己内酯开环聚合,得到了具有荧光性的含苝聚己内酯(PBI-PCL). PBI-PCL的结构采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1H-NMR)来确定,其光学性质采用紫外吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和荧光激发光谱(FL)来表征.随后将PBI-PCL采用乳化-溶剂挥发法将其制备成纳米微球,并采用激光粒度仪对其粒径和分布进行表征.以该微球为荧光标记物,分别对L929和Hela细胞进行荧光标记研究.综上,PBI-PCL是一种具有优良自荧光性能的可降解聚酯材料,其纳米微球可作为多种细胞的荧光标记物使用,有望成为一种有竞争力的荧光标记材料.     

硅橡胶/羟基磷灰石生物材料的制备及血液相容性

通过共混法制备出羟基磷灰石(HA)含量不同的硅橡胶(SR)与羟基磷灰石复合生物材料,并对其机械性能和血液相容性进行表征.采用DXLL-2500电子万能拉力机、XY-1橡胶硬度计对材料机械性能进行测定;以溶血率、动态凝血指数及血小板粘附表征材料的血液相容性.当羟基磷灰石质量分数为30%、40%、50%、60%、70%时,材料的撕裂强度分别为0 38、0 44、0 99、0 85、0 54kN·mol-1;溶血率分别为0 61%、0 51%、0 30%、0 26%、0 29%.实验结果表明,羟基磷灰石质量分数为60%时,该复合材料具有较好的撕裂强度和拉伸强度.溶血实验、动态凝血实验及血小板粘附试验也表明该复合材料具有很好的血液相溶性.     

偶氮基团修饰的苝酰亚胺染料的合成及其光响应行为

以3,5二羟基苯甲醇为原料,经醚化、溴代反应得到3,5二（十二烷氧基）苄基溴,然后与4羟基4′硝基偶氮苯反应,再还原得到含氨基的偶氮化合物6,最后与3,4;9,10苝四甲酸二酐缩合得到新型偶氮-苝酰亚胺二元染料7。考察了紫外光光照时间及浓度等因素对偶氮-苝酰亚胺二元染料光学性能的影响,结果表明浓度越大,偶氮生色团由反式结构向顺式结构的转变速度越慢;对相转移法组装形成的聚集体形貌结构的研究表明,当甲醇与三氯甲烷体积比为7∶1或5∶1时,更易形成较规整的短棒;比较研究紫外光光照和未光照下快速溶剂扩散法组装形成的聚集体形貌结构发现,光照下制备的聚集体结构的规整性不及未光照下制备的;吸收光谱表明在光照下组装的聚集体分子间π*π堆积作用更弱,这是由于偶氮基团由反式结构向顺式结构的转变导致分子空间几何构型的变化,破坏了分子堆积的有序性,不利于低维功能材料的形成。     

取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺-银纳米超分子体系荧光光谱

为了探索在银纳米粒子(AgNPs)的作用下,取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺的荧光性能,本文合成了30个取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺模型化合物(MC),并制备了银纳米溶液.以无水乙醇为溶剂,分别测定了MC溶液的荧光光谱以及MC-AgNPs溶液的荧光光谱.结果表明:(1)取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺及其与银纳米形成超分子体系在乙醇溶剂中均可发射荧光.与取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺溶液的荧光波长相比,取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺-银纳米超分子体系的荧光波长均有明显变化,偏移值一般在10 nm以上,有的红移,有的蓝移.(2)大部分取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺在银纳米的作用下,其荧光发射强度增加,少部分荧光发射强度降低.(3)如果基团对X-Y相同,相对于取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚甲基)苯胺,一般而言,取代-N-(2-羟基苯亚乙基)苯胺在银纳米作用下的荧光发射波长要长一些.本文观察到的实验现象,对于利用银纳米进行生物检测或有机化合物的检测,具有重要参考价值.     

新型9-取代基-N-正辛基-3，4-二羧酸单酰亚胺衍生物的合成及光学性能

基于Suzuki偶合反应合成新型9-取代基N-正辛基-苝-3,4-二羧酸单酰亚胺衍生物：9-苯基-N-正辛基-苝-3,4-二羧酸单酰亚胺(C1),9-(4-甲氧基苯基)-N-正辛基-苝-3,4-二羧酸单酰亚胺(C2),9-{4-(二苯基胺基)苯基}-N-正辛基-苝-3,4-二羧酸单酰亚胺(C3),对化合物分子结构进行表征,用紫外可见(UV-Vis)光谱、荧光(PL)光谱研究其光化学性质;在典型溶剂乙酸乙酯中,目标化合物的紫外最大吸收波长(λ maxabs)在490~550 nm,相比于C1,化合物C2,C     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-