Synthesis of nanoporous silica with interior composite cells with synthetic block copolypeptide as template

IN NATURE,PROTEIN AND POLYSACCHARIDE ARE INVOLVED IN THE FORMATION OF A REMARKABLE DIVERSITY OF EXQUISITE NANOSTRUCTURED SILICATES IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS SUCH AS DIATOMS AND SPONGES.THE SILAFFIN[1]AND SILICATEIN[2]ISOLATED FROM MARINE DIATOMS AND SPONGES C…     

Ultrafast holographic nanopatterning of biocatalytically formed silica

Diatoms are of interest to the materials research community because of their ability to create highly complex and intricate silica structures under physiological conditions: what these single-cell organisms accomplish so elegantly in nature requires extreme laboratory conditions to duplicate-this is true for even the simplest of structures. Following the identification of polycationic peptides from the diatom Cylindrotheca fusiformis, simple silica nanospheres can now be synthesized in vitro from silanes at nearly neutral pH and at ambient temperatures and pressures. Here we describe a method for creating a hybrid organic/inorganic ordered nanostructure of silica spheres through the incorporation of a polycationic peptide (derived from the C. fusiformis silaffin-1 protein) into a polymer hologram created by two-photon-induced photopolymerization. When these peptide nanopatterned holographic structures are exposed to a silicic acid, an ordered array of silica nanospheres is deposited onto the clear polymer substrate. These structures exhibit a nearly fifty-fold increase in diffraction efficiency over a comparable polymer hologram without silica. This approach, combining the ease of processability of an organic polymer with the improved mechanical and optical properties of an inorganic material, could be of practical use for the fabrication of photonic devices.     

A novel gene carrier based on amino-modified silica nanoparticles

Uniform-sized amino-modified silica nanoparticles have been prepared by the controlled synchronous hydrolysis of tetraethoxysilane and N-(β-amimoethyl)-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane in water nanodroplet of the water-in-oil microemulsion.These nanoparticles display positive charge potential at definited pH,This is due to the presence of amino groups on the surface of the nanoparticles,Nanoparticles-plasmid DNA complexes can easily form through electrostatical binding between the positive charges of the amino-modified silica nanoparticles and the negative charges of the plasmid DNA,The complexes can be also dissociated under alkaline pH or high ionic strength conditions.And enzymatic digestion of the plasmid DNA is almost inhibited by these nanoparticles complexes.A novel non-viral gene carrier based on the amino-modified silica nanoparticles is proposed under the combination of nanotechnology,biotechnology and gene engineering technology.The plasmid DNA can successfully cross various systemic barriers to COS-7 cells as well as mediate high expression of Green Fluorescence Protein(GFP)gene in cells by use of this novel gene carrier.     

A novel fabrication of meso-porous silica film by sol-gol of TEOS

A homogeneous crack-free nano- or meso-porous silica films on silicon was fabricated by colloidal silica sol derived by hydrolyzing tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) catalyzing with (C4H9)4N+OH- in water medium. The solution with ratio of H2O/TEOS> or =15, R4N+ and glycerol as templates, combining with the hydrolyzed intermediate, controlled the silica aggregating; the templated silica film with heterostructure was developed into homogeneous nano-porous then meso-porous silica films after being annealed from 750 degrees C to 850 degrees C; the formation mechanism of the porous silica films was discussed; morphologies of the silica films were characterized. The refractive indexes of the porous silica films were 1.256-1.458, the thermal conductivity < 0.7 W/m/K. The fabricating procedure and the sequence had not been reported before.     

基于核壳荧光纳米颗粒的一种新型纳米pH传感器

改进了一种基于新型的荧光染料——二氧化硅的核壳荧光纳米颗粒的纳米pH传感器，以异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)标记的羊抗人免疫球蛋白IgG为核材料，采用实验条件简单的油包水的微乳液方法制备荧光纳米颗粒，该方法有效地防止了荧光染料在二氧化硅壳层中的泄露。这种FITC的核壳荧光纳米颗粒对pH敏感，在pH值5．5—7之间呈线性响应，且能被单个小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬，借此用于单细胞中pH的实时监测。     

常压下低折射率纳米多孔二氧化硅薄膜的制备

以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为有机醇盐前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶技术,通过酸/碱二步法控制实验条件,结合低表面张力溶剂替换以及甲基非活性基团置换修饰、超声振荡等,在常压下成功地制备出折射率在1.11～1.27范围内的二氧化硅纳米多孔光学薄膜。制备过程中充分注意到稀释、老化、有机修饰表面、热处理和提拉条件对薄膜都有很大的影响,利用这些因素可以对该纳米薄膜的孔洞率、折射率进行控制,尤其是能制备低折射率薄膜,从而为该薄膜的应用开发奠定基础。采用椭偏仪测量薄膜的厚度和折射率,薄膜中高的孔洞率、低的折射率归结于最终干燥阶段中的弹性回跳。扫描电镜(SEM)观察发现修饰薄膜的表面形貌具有明显的多孔结构。耐磨实验表明所制备的薄膜有良好的机械性能。     

Biosensors based on acetylcholinesterase immobilized on mesoporous silica thin films

Using tetraethoxysilane and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as the silica sources, amino-functionalized mesoporous silica thin films with 3-dimensional cubic structure have been deposited on conducting ITO substrate in the presence of surfactant F127 templates under acid conditions. The acetylcholinesterase （AchE） and cytochrome c （Cyt c） were incorporated into the pores of mesoporous thin films, and an amperometric biosensor was obtained. After adsorption of AchE and Cyt c, the ordered cubic structure of mesoporous silica and the bioactivities and electrochemical activities of the immobilized protein and enzyme molecules were retained. The sensor properties of the biosensor were investigated by using acetylthiocholine iodide as the substrate and Cyt c as the electron transfer mediator. The inhibition versus the logarithm of concentration was found to be linear to organophosphorus pesticide dichlorvos over the concentration ranges of 1.0×10-8 mol/L to 1.0×10-3 mol/L with the detection limit of 3.1×10^-9 mol/L.     

二氧化硅气凝胶的常压制备及其特性研究

以正硅酸乙酯为原料,先采用溶胶-凝胶法制备湿凝胶,然后浸泡在反应溶液中进行老化,再利用正己烷进行溶剂交换,三甲基氯硅烷进行表面改性,最终获得轻质多孔二氧化硅气凝胶. 进一步考察了凝胶时间随乙醇和水的不同加入量和pH值的变化,利用FTIR、XRD和SEM等方法对二氧化硅气凝胶表征. 结果表明,所制备的疏水SiO2气凝胶的密度、比表面积和孔隙率分别为77～200 kg·m-3,500～750 m2g-1和85%～95%,其颗粒尺寸为50～200 nm.     

SiO2气凝胶的溶胶-凝胶/共沸蒸馏法制备及表征

以工业水玻璃为硅源,采用溶胶-凝胶和共沸蒸馏的方法在常压下制备SiO2气凝胶,研究制备条件对SiO2气凝胶性能的影响.结果表明,当溶液体系的pH值为4.5,添加2 mL甲酰胺作为干燥控制化学添加剂(DCCA),并以正丁醇与凝胶中的水为共沸蒸发介质时,所制备的SiO2气凝胶具有典型的气凝胶结构特征,经分析SiO2气凝胶的...     

反相微乳液法制备不同形貌超细二氧化硅

在水/甲苯/十二烷基硫酸钠/正戊醇形成的四元Ｗ/Ｏ型微乳液中,通过渗透反应和融合反应分别合成了不同形貌的超细二氧化硅颗粒。利用相图研究了Ｗ/Ｏ型微乳液系统相行为稳定性与制备条件的关系。讨论了以反相微乳液为媒介,不同制备工艺及R值对产品形貌和粒径大小的影响,并对其机理进行了分析。     

六亚甲基四胺对硅气凝胶的扩孔研究

以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,用六亚甲基四胺为扩孔剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法,通过常压干燥制备二氧化硅气凝胶.着重考察了水解时间、焙烧温度等因素对二氧化硅气凝胶孔径的影响.采用FTIR、SEM、TG-DTA、N2吸附脱附等分析方法对二氧化硅气凝胶的骨架结构和表面基团、结构形貌和分散性、热稳定性和孔径等进行了表征.结果表明:用六亚甲基四胺扩孔后的样品保持了二氧化硅气凝胶的骨架结构以及良好的分散性、热稳定性、孔径较大;同时,二氧化硅气凝胶的孔径随着焙烧温度的增加而增大,水解时间为24h左右时二氧化硅气凝胶的孔径不再变大.     

利用廉价硅酸盐为硅源合成微米级球形介孔二氧化硅

利用廉价的硅酸盐为二氧化硅前驱体,以非离子和阳离子表面活性剂为混合模板剂合成微米级的介孔二氧化硅,控制非离子和阳离子表面活性剂的量可以得到分散性较好的介孔二氧化硅球,并用SEM,XRD以及N2吸附-脱附,对所得介孔二氧化硅材料的宏观形貌和微观结构进行了表征。讨论了2种表面活性剂的比例对介孔二氧化硅形貌的影响,并用混合模板机理解释了球形介孔材料形成的原因。     

超细SiO2的制备及水合特性实验分析

为了增加SiO2的功能以拓展它的应用范围,采用醇盐水解法制备SiO2粉末,并对其水合性能进行讨论.制备过程发现,氨水及正硅酸乙酯浓度都对SiO2的粒径及水合性能有所影响.采用酸洗和微波照射等方法对SiO2表面进行活化,使之产生更多的羟基.用红外光谱和水合等方法研究了SiO2的表面羟基含量,结果表明,酸洗和微波照射能够使SiO2表面活化,增强SiO2表面的水合性能.     

超细SiO_2的制备及水合特性实验分析

为了增加S iO2的功能以拓展它的应用范围,采用醇盐水解法制备S iO2粉末,并对其水合性能进行讨论。制备过程发现,氨水及正硅酸乙酯浓度都对S iO2的粒径及水合性能有所影响。采用酸洗和微波照射等方法对S iO2表面进行活化,使之产生更多的羟基。用红外光谱和水合等方法研究了S iO2的表面羟基含量,结果表明,酸洗和微波照射能够使S iO2表面活化,增强S iO2表面的水合性能。     

BaMoO_4微晶的微乳液可控合成及形成机理探讨

采用聚乙二醇对异辛基苯基醚(Triton X-100)/正戊醇/环己烷/水溶液所形成的微乳液体系,控制合成出了四方晶系BaMoO4微晶,考察了微乳液中水与表面活性剂物质的量之比和反应物浓度对产物形貌的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)分别对产物的结构、粒度和形貌进行了表征。结果表明,在微乳液体系中,控制不同的实验条件,可以成功地合成蝴蝶结状以及不同长度树枝状的BaMoO4微晶,并且粒径分布集中,无团聚现象。论文还对不同形貌BaMoO4微晶的形成机理进行了初步探索。     

硅铝包覆钛白粉水悬浮液pH值调控规律

研究了钛白粉经过氧化硅、氧化铝包膜后的水悬浮液pH值和颗粒表面电位特性的变化。实验获得连续、均匀、致密的无机氧化物膜状包覆,膜层厚度随包覆量增加而增加。根据国家标准GB/T1706—2006中的测定方法,将包膜后钛白粉制成质量分数为10%的悬浮液,检测悬浮液pH值随包覆量的变化。结果表明:钛白粉经氧化硅和氧化铝表面包膜处理后,水悬浮液pH值偏离中性;包氧化硅后钛白粉悬浮液呈碱性,随包覆量增加,pH值增高直至pH9.7;包氧化铝后钛白粉悬浮液呈酸性,随包覆量增加,pH值降低直至pH4.4。颗粒表面包覆量对颗粒表面的ζ电位的影响与pH值相似。通过对包硅产品进行微量包铝、或对包铝产品进行微量包硅能够有效调控最终包覆产品水悬浮液的pH值。     

氨基乙酸辅助化学液相沉积制备花状氢氧化镁

以金属镁片为前驱体,用氨基乙酸辅助化学液相沉积方法在室温下合成具有三维花状形貌的氢氧化镁纳米结构,并用X-射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、红外光谱（IR）和热分析技术对氢氧化镁样品进行表征。结果表明三维花状形貌的氢氧化镁是由氢氧化镁纳米薄片组装而成,并具有高的纯度。初步分析氨基乙酸辅助化学液相沉积法制备花状氢氧化镁的可能机理。这种方法具有反应条件温和、方便等特点,并可以应用于制备其它不同形貌的金属氢氧化物或氧化物。     

纳米SiO_2包覆改性薄片铝粉颜料及其耐酸性研究

以正硅酸乙酯为前驱体,氨水为催化剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法在薄片铝粉颜料表面包覆了一层薄而致密的纳米SiO_2层,考察了反应工艺参数对包覆层形貌及耐酸性的影响.通过调节反应温度和时间、铝硅比、水硅比、催化剂用量等工艺条件,可以控制正硅酸乙酯的水解速率、活性硅酸在铝粉粒子表面的吸附速率及缩合速率之间的相对大小,从而控制SiO_2以膜沉积的方式对铝粉进行包覆,得到均匀致密的包覆膜.实验得到较优的条件为:同时滴加正硅酸乙酯和氨水水溶液,控制铝硅比为5.5,水硅比为30,氨水用量3 mL,在40 ℃下反应6 h,铝粉粒子表面的SiO_2包覆层均匀致密,包覆型铝粉在pH＝1的酸溶液中能稳定存在30 d而不产生H_2.     

Static synthesis of high-quality MCM-22 zeolite with high SiO2／Al2O3 ratio

We demonstrate a synthesis method to broaden the range of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (30-100) of high-silica MCM-22 zeolites by prolonging the aging time of the gel before the crystallization. The synthesis conditions such as silica sources, chemical compositions of initial gel and aging time of gel were investigated in detail.High quality MCM-22 products with various morphologies have been synthesized by optimize their synthesis conditions.Our results show that increasing of the aging time can make the gel be homogenization and promote their nucleus formation,which may avoid the formation of impurity phase and thus broaden the range of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio.