自旋梯状化合物Sr14(Cu1-xZnx)24O41的电输运及磁学性质

采用标准固相反应法制备了Sr14(Cu1-xZnx)24O41(x=0, 0. 01, 0. 02, 0. 03)系列多晶样品. X射线衍射谱表明所有样品均呈单相,且样品晶格常数大小随Zn掺杂量x的变化存在微弱波动. X射线光电子能谱表明Sr14Cu24O41中Cu离子以+2价形式存在,Zn掺杂对体系中Cu离子化合价不造成影响. 磁化率测量结果表明在10~300 K温度范围内Zn掺杂使体系磁化率降低,拟合结果表明随着Zn掺杂量x的增大,居里-外斯项对体系磁化率贡献逐渐减弱,二聚体耦合能JD 逐渐降低,每个分子中CuO2 自旋链内二聚体个数ND 与自由Cu2+离子自旋数NF 均逐渐减少,进一步分析显示替换二聚体内Cu2+离子的Zn2+离子数少于替换自由Cu2+离子的Zn2+离子数. 电阻率测量结果表明Sr14Cu24O41体系具有半导体特性,并且Zn掺杂会使体系电阻率降低,降低程度随掺杂量x增大而增大,但并未使体系发生金属- 绝缘体转变. 认为电阻率降低可能是由于Zn2+离子掺杂使体系内CuO2 自旋链中二聚体发生退耦,破坏了电荷有序超结构,从而使更多的空穴释放出来并转移到导电性好的Cu2O3自旋梯子中所致.     

Two-dimensional geometry of spin excitations in the high-transition-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O6+x

The fundamental building block of the copper oxide superconductors is a Cu4O4 square plaquette. The plaquettes in most of these materials are slightly distorted to form a rectangular lattice, for which an influential theory predicts that high-transition-temperature (high-T(c)) superconductivity is nucleated in 'stripes' aligned along one of the axes. This theory received strong support from experiments that indicated a one-dimensional character for the magnetic excitations in the high-T(c) material YBa2Cu3O6.6 (ref. 4). Here we report neutron scattering data on 'untwinned' YBa2Cu3O6+x crystals, in which the orientation of the rectangular lattice is maintained throughout the entire volume. Contrary to the earlier claim, we demonstrate that the geometry of the magnetic fluctuations is two-dimensional. Rigid stripe arrays therefore appear to be ruled out over a wide range of doping levels in YBa2Cu3O6+x, but the data may be consistent with liquid-crystalline stripe order. The debate about stripes has therefore been reopened.     

Study of the high spin states in stable nucleus 84Sr

The School of Nuclear Engineering and Technology at the East China Institute of Technology cooperated with the China Institute of Atomic Energy to investigate the high spin states of ⁸⁴Sr. The study is reported in Volume 53 (October, 2010) of the SCIENCE CHINA Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy because of its significant research value.
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Bi（Pb）—Sr—Ca—Cu—O超导体红外吸收谱的分析

测试了Bi(Pb)-Sr-Ca-Cu-O超导体的红外吸收光谱,在400－4000cm^-1波段内发现5个吸收峰。分析认们与Cu-O键振动,Pb掺杂的Bi(Pb)-Cu-O键沿C轴的空振动,CuO2面内的氧空位有关。     

Containerless solidification of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 glass-forming alloy in drop tube

Droplets of Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 glass form-ing alloys with different sizes are solidified in a drop tubecontainerless processing. Glass transition behavior, crystal-lization kinetics, and the phase evolution during annealing of the Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 glassy spheres are investigated. The experimental results indicate that the apparent activation energy of the glass transition (Eg = 435.5 kJ/mol), and the activation energy of the main crystallization reaction (Ep1 = 249.6 kJ/mol) are obviously different from those of bulk glass samples prepared by water quenched (Eg = 559.1 kJ/mol and Ep1 =192.5 kJ/mol). The difference is discussed in the view point of the atomic configuration of the liquid state of the metallic glass and nucleation mechanism.     

晶化温度对敞开体系合成中孔分子筛Ti-MCM-41的影响

在敞开体系中合成出Ti - MCM -41,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT - IR)、紫外-可见光谱(uvVis)和孔结构测定对合成样品进行了表征,讨论了晶化温度对中孔分子筛Ti - MCM - 41晶化的影响.     

中孔MCM—41分子筛晶化过程的初步研究

在含阳离子表面活性剂－十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的碱怀水热体系中,考察了在３７３Ｋ,３９８Ｋ,４２３Ｋ和４７３Ｋ下合成中孔ＭＣＭ－４１分子筛的晶化动力学曲线及引入晶种对其合成的影响,并用ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ,ＩＲ及ＴＧ／ＤＴＡ等测试手段对其晶化期间中孔骨架我变化进行了表征。实验结果表明,随晶化过程的进行,产物中孔孔道结构的有序度在不断提高,但在原子水平上却始终缺乏严格的晶序,提高晶化温度,晶化速率明显加快,但     

Ba3-xYxCO2Fe24O41铁氧体的制备与吸波性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂钇的磁铅石型系列Z型钡铁氧体纳米颗粒.通过对相结构的分析表明:Ba3-xYxCO2Fe24O41(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)样品在1300℃下烧结5h后成相主要为Z型钡铁氧体,同时伴有少量W型、Y型杂相.还对添加稀土钇及间隔一段时间后吸波性能的变化进行了研究,结果表明,掺杂适量的稀土钇(x=0.1)在微波X波段平均吸波性能达到最大,抗氧化能力也明显增强,过量或少量掺杂钇都会影响材料的吸波性能及抗氧化能力.     

Coupling strength of charge carriers to spin fluctuations in high-temperature superconductors

In conventional superconductors, the most direct evidence of the mechanism responsible for superconductivity comes from tunnelling experiments, which provide a clear picture of the underlying electron-phonon interactions. As the coherence length in conventional superconductors is large, the tunnelling process probes several atomic layers into the bulk of the material; the observed structure in the current-voltage characteristics at the phonon energies gives, through inversion of the Eliashberg equations, the electron-phonon spectral density alpha2F(omega). The situation is different for the high-temperature copper oxide superconductors, where the coherence length (particularly for c-axis tunnelling) can be very short. Because of this, methods such as optical spectroscopy and neutron scattering provide a better route for investigating the underlying mechanism, as they probe bulk properties. Accurate reflection measurements at infrared wavelengths and precise polarized neutron-scattering data are now available for a variety of the copper oxides, and here we show that the conducting carriers (probed by infrared spectroscopy) are strongly coupled to a resonance structure in the spectrum of spin fluctuations (measured by neutron scattering). The coupling strength inferred from those results is sufficient to account for the high transition temperatures of the copper oxides, highlighting a prominent role for spin fluctuations in driving superconductivity in these materials.     

Fabrication of bulk glassy Zr41Ti14Ni8Cu12.5Be22.5Fe2 alloy by water quenching

A glassy Zr₄₁Ti₁₄Ni₈Cu_12.5Be_22.5Fe₂ rod with a diameter of 9 mm was successfully produced by water quenching. The effects of iron addition on thermal stability and hardness of Zr₄₁Ti₁₄Ni₈Cu_12.5Be_22.5Fe₂ bulk amorphous alloy were investigated by XR D, DSC and microhardness test. It is found that the full annealing would enhance the strength of the alloy significantly. The cause of the increase in hardness was analyzed and the formation mechanisms of the bulk amorphous alloy are discussed.     

Fabrication of bulk glassy Zr41Ti14Ni8Cu12.5Be22.5Fe2 alloy by water quenching

A glassy Zr41Ti14Ni8Cu12.5Be22.5Fe2 rod with a diameter of 9 mm was successfully produced by water quenching.The effects of iron addition on thermal stability and hardness of Zr41Ti14Ni8Cu12.5Be22.5Fe2 bulk amorphous alloy were investigated by XR D,DSC and microhardness test.It is found that the full annealing would enhance the strength of the alloy significantly.The cause of the increase in hardness was analyzed and the formation mechanisms of the bulk amorphous alloy are discussed.     

新型介孔分子筛Sr-MCM-41的合成及其吸附性能的研究

 在碱性条件下,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,正硅酸乙酯为硅源,硝酸锶为无机源,用水热法合成了新型介孔分子筛Sr-MCM-41,对其用AFM,XRD进行了表征,结果表明:产物在小角散射区内出现衍射峰,可以确认其中存在介孔结构.产物中大部分是海绵状的介孔物质,属于缺乏长程有序的晶相排列.并研究了其对2种水溶性染料甲基紫和碱性品红的吸附性能.介孔分子筛Sr-MCM-41对甲基紫和碱性品红溶液的吸附均符合Freundlich吸附等温式.最大吸附量分别为186mg/g和172mg/g,具有较好的脱色能力.     

球形波冲击压缩后Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5大块金属玻璃的损伤与断裂特性研究

研究了Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22．5大块金属玻璃在不同速度的球形弹丸高速撞击下的损伤与断裂特性。通过表面形貌、X射线衍射谱的变化情况，可以看出．随着弹丸速度的增加，弹坑变成球形，弹坑深度逐渐增大，剪切带／裂纹有轻微增大，弧形损伤带是球面波高速撞击后的独特损伤行为。球形弹丸高速撞击作用下大块金属玻璃的晶化和常温退火与静高压下非晶态合金的晶化有着不同的机制。     

La-Sr-Mn-O材料的磁电阻特性研究

利用二价金属元素Ｓｒ 对ＬａＭ ｎＯ３ 材料进行了Ｌａ 位替代,成功地制备了单相性好、具有扭曲钙钛矿结构和磁阻效应的Ｌａ１－ ｘ Ｓｒｘ Ｍ ｎＯ３ 材料。对其电磁输运特性的研究表明：Ｓｒ 的掺与使材料中的锰离子相对聚集而产生分区的磁畴结构并使材料的结构产生扭曲畸变,居里温度附近的磁阻效应与磁转变过程密切相关。     

Sr4Al14O25：Eu^2＋，Dy^3＋长余辉发光材料的合成及正交实验设计法

研究了燃烧温度、Eu2+和Dy3+的搀杂量、助熔剂硼酸的加入量、尿素加入量及Al/Sr的比例对Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料发光性能的影响,从而确定了长余辉发光材料Sr4Al14O25:Eu2+,Dy3+的最佳合成工艺. 对所得产物分别进行了XRD、TEM、荧光测试和亮度测试.结果表明: 磷光体存在 403和482 nm 2个发射峰,分别对应于Eu2+在基质中2种不同的存在方式,与传统的高温固相法相比发射主峰出现了蓝移;亮度测试找到了最佳的原料配比及合成条件.     

齿科用CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃的微晶化和性能

对所选的CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系统中4个组分的微晶玻璃样品的部分重要性能进行了测试,利用XRD、IR、SEM等仪器对样品的析晶形貌和结构进行了分析;应用齿科材料相关的性能测试标准,考察了其用作齿科全瓷冠修复材料的可能性。实验发现：样品经微晶化处理后,试样中主要析出了钙铝方柱石和α-硅灰石晶相,这些晶相的析出提高了玻璃的性能。G3样品的化学稳定性等物化性能指标均达到或超过了天然牙齿相应的性能．     

新化合物La_(2-x)Sr_xCa_(0.5)Pr_(0.5)Cu_2O_6的合成、结构与电磁性质研究

合成了Ｌａ２１２型新化合物Ｌａ２－ｘＳｒｘＣａ０．５Ｐｒ０．５Ｃｕ２Ｏ６;发现Ｓｒ对Ｌａ的替代量为０．４～１．１。通过ＬＡＺＹ程序结构研究发现该化合物具有典型Ｌａ２１２型化合物的晶体结构。     

One-dimensional nature of the magnetic fluctuations in YBa2Cu3O6.6

There is increasing evidence that inhomogeneous distributions of charge and spin--so-called 'striped phases'--play an important role in determining the properties of the high-temperature superconductors. For example, recent neutron-scattering measurements on the YBa2Cu3O(7-x) family of materials show both spin and charge fluctuations that are consistent with the striped-phase picture. But the fluctuations associated with a striped phase are expected to be one-dimensional, whereas the magnetic fluctuations observed to date appear to display two-dimensional symmetry. We show here that this apparent two-dimensionality results from measurements on twinned crystals, and that similar measurements on substantially detwinned crystals of YBa2Cu3O6.6 reveal the one-dimensional character of the magnetic fluctuations, thus greatly strengthening the striped-phase interpretation. Moreover, our results also suggest that superconductivity originates in charge stripes that extend along the b crystal axis, where the superfluid density is found to be substantially larger than for the a direction.