美国Wallapai矿区Mineral Park斑岩型矿床早期矿脉中硬石膏的氧同位素组成

本文报道了美国亚利桑那Wallapai矿区Mineral Park斑岩型矿床早期矿脉(AM和AC)中硬石膏的氧同位素组成,依据包体均一温度及硫同位素温度计算成矿溶液的δ~(12)O值(纯水),运用同位素分馏理论讨论AM和AC矿脉成矿溶液的来源和演化。     

利用DCTA和HIBA快速有效分离Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd的方法

介绍了一种新的Rb_Sr、Sm_Nd化学分离方法,以用于地质样品的同位素测试.方法选用AG50W×8阳离子交换树脂,并先后采用不同的淋洗剂进行分离提纯.首先用常规方法使用盐酸作为淋洗剂将Rb_Sr和REE分开并与其它大部分元素分离,然后使用DCTA和嘧啶的混合溶液(D.P.E.)作为淋洗剂分离Rb和Sr,使用HIBA作为淋洗剂在很小体积(0.6mL)的阳离子交换树脂中分离Sm和Nd.使用这样的分离方法可以有效的将一些干扰离子(如Mg、Ca、Ba)和Sr分离,同时使用该分离方法可以提高分离效率,缩短分离时间,减少试剂用量,降低实验过程空白.用该方法分离国际玄武岩标样BCR_2后的Sr同位素测试结果(87Sr/86Sr=0.705018±3)和Nd同位素测试结果(143Nd/144Nd=0.512616±9)与已经报道的测试结果基本一致,说明本次研究采用的新分离方法效果良好.     

油田用新型同位素示踪剂的研究

研究了一种油田用新型同位素示踪剂,并与以活性炭为载体的同位素示踪剂进行了对比研究,应用表明使用效果良好.     

萨拉乌苏河流域钙结核中碳氧同位素特征及古环境意义

通过对萨拉乌苏河流域酒坊台剖面中普遍发育的钙结核进行碳、氧同位素分析,结果显示各岩性组中同位素分布特征差异较大,无明显线性关系。利用钙结核中碳同位素值推算了不同岩性组中C_3和C_4植物的相对贡献量,结合孢粉数据,探讨了不同气候条件下植被演变情况,这与邻区的黄土高原研究成果基本吻合。同时,利用氧同位素和温度的经验公式,定量恢复了倒数第二次冰期-末次冰期的温度变化,其中末次间冰期表现为相对温暖的气候特征。总之,利用钙结核的碳氧同位素可作为定量恢复古温度、古植被的一种有效方式,但需要注意与其他指标进行综合对比分析。     

Isotopic compositions of small shelly fossil Anabarites from Lower Cambrian in Yangtze Platform of South China: Implications for palaeocean temperature

Anabarites belong to small shelly fossils (SSF), which occur widely in the Lower Cambrian strata of Yangtze Platform in South China. They are phosphate shell in composition and represent the earliest stage of the Cambrian bioradiation of Bilateria, the so-called “Cambrian Explosion”. In this study, we attempted to separate Anabarites fossils from Lower Cambrian dolostones, and we obtained samples of both the fossils (SSF) and the granular phosphates (GP). Isotopic analyses were performed on samples of SSF, GP, and matrix dolostone (DH-23). The results showed that the δ³⁰Si values of the quartz filling in fossils celoms, and the siliceous materials in granular phosphates are -0.6‰ and -0.7‰, which is different from normal sedimentary siliceous rocks from the Lower Cambrian strata (0—0.7‰) as reported by Li et al., but is consistent with the data for siliceous rocks and cherts of submarine hydrothermal origin. It is likely that a later hydrothermal replacement could have taken place in the SSF-bearing sedimentary rocks. The oxygen isotope values of the phosphate of SSF and GP are 16.8‰ and 17.0‰, respectively. These are significantly higher than the Neoproterozoic phosphate ores (10.9‰—13.9‰) as reported by Ling et al.， hence, late diagenesis and hydrothermal replacement may not have caused a significant change in the oxygen isotope compositions of the small shelly fossils, and the calculated temperatures (25.4—26.3℃) for palaeo-seawater using a SSF phosphate oxygen isotope thermometer are therefore considered here as the upper limit of seawater temperature in the Early Cambrian ocean of the Yangtze Platform.     

Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopical ages of magnetite-chlorite formation gold deposit in the volcanic rock area of Late Paleozoic Era, East Tianshan

Through studying geo-geochemical characteristics and determining Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotopical ages in the Kanggur magnetite-chlorite formation gold deposit, some conclusions can be achieved: Sm-Nd isochron age is (290.4 ± 7)Ma, Rb-Sr isochron age is (282.3 ± 5)Ma, mineralization is Late Hercynian and the formation of this gold deposit is related to the macroscopic Huangshan-Qiugemingtashi ductile shear zone which is produced as a result of collision between the Tarim plate and the Junggar plate.     

Carbon and sulfur isotopic compositions of basal Datangpo Formation, northeastern Guizhou, South China: implications for depositional environment

Isotopic compositions of Mn-carbonate and organic carbon from the same individual samples and sulfur isotopic compositions of pyrites in the basal Datangpo Formation were analyzed. Highly 34S-enriched pyrites （834Spyrite =31.7-59.4‰） were precipitated in rel- atively occlusive pore water under anoxic condition in sediments, which is consistent with the observation of large and scattered pyrite framboids. The sulfidic deep ocean was not ＂oxidized＂ in the early Datangpo interglacial interval, thus the level of seawater sulfate remained low and marine δ34Ssulphate remained high. Low δ13Ccar （average -7.4‰） and abnormal relationship between δ13Ccar and fractionation （ΔCar-ors） imply that the negative δ13CCar excursion may have resulted from oxidation of part of a large organic carbon reservoir. High Δcar-org （average 25.1‰） implicates high CO2 level in the atmosphere. Small standard deviation （1.0‰） of δ13CCar values indicates the Mn-carbonate was precipitated near the water-sediment interface under dysoxic conditions rather than in occlusive pore water in sediments.     

FDL—1型同位素料位计的设计原理及其应用

本文叙述了 FDL—1型同位素料位计的工作原理及其在工业生产中的应用。由于探头都分采用了闪烁计数器,并在线路中采用了对数率表电路,因而使 FDL—1型同位素料位计具有灵敏度高、寿命长、通用性强、适应性广、稳定性好等特点,在工业生产中取得了明显的经济效益。     

云南迪庆春都斑岩铜矿床S、Pb同位素组成—成矿物质来源的指示

春都铜矿是中甸岛弧带西斑岩带的一个典型矿床,对春都铜矿床矿石矿物开展了S、Pb同位素地球化学研究。矿区硫同位素组成非常稳定,黄铁矿、黄铜矿和方铅矿的~(34)δS值分别为-3.0‰~-0.14‰(平均~(-1).09‰),-6.54‰~-2.11‰(平均-3.44‰),-5.0‰~-3.6‰(平均-4.07‰)且依次降低,表明硫化物沉淀过程中硫同位素分馏基本达到平衡。16件硫化物样品的34δS均值为-2.41‰,表明硫主要为深部岩浆来源。矿石矿物铅同位素~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb,~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb,~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb比值分别为17.863~18.036,15.448~15.614和37.753~38.188,不同样品的铅同位素组成表明铅可能具有多源性,所有样品铅同位素投点均落入造山带区域或上地壳,表明铅具有壳幔混合来源的特征。这种硫铅同位素组成表明岩浆可能起源于俯冲洋壳板片的部分熔融并受到少量地壳物质的混染。     

Carbon and sulfur isotopic compositions of basal Datangpo Formation, northeastern Guizhou, South China: implications for depositional environment

Isotopic compositions of Mn-carbonate and organic carbon from the same individual samples and sulfur isotopic compositions of pyrites in the basal Datangpo Formation were analyzed. Highly ³⁴S-enriched pyrites (δ³⁴34S_pyrite =31.7‰—59.4‰) were precipitated in relatively occlusive pore water under anoxic condition in sediments, which is consistent with the observation of large and scattered pyrite framboids. The sulfidic deep ocean was not “oxidized” in the early Datangpo interglacial interval, thus the level of seawater sulfate remained low and marine δ³⁴34S_sulphate remained high. Low δ¹³C_car (average -7.4‰) and abnormal relationship between δ¹³13C_car and fractionation (?_car-org) imply that the negative δ¹³C_car excursion may have resulted from oxidation of part of a large organic carbon reservoir. High ? car-org (average 25.1‰) implicates high CO₂ level in the atmosphere. Small standard deviation (1.0‰) of ??sup>??C_car values indicates the Mn-carbonate was precipitated near the water-sediment interface rather than in occlusive pore water in sediments under dysoxic conditions.     

同位素水文学研究综述

综述了国内外同位素水文学研究的主要成果,认为同位素示踪方法在解决某些水文、水资源及环境地质问题方面优势比较明显,并且有助于从宏观和微观上阐明水循环过程中各相关要素的变化情况,揭示某些水文基本现象的内在规律;指出了同位素水文学研究当前存在的问题和今后的一些重点课题,并对同位素技术或方法在水文学中的应用前景进行了展望.     

中国东部温泉水和井水的氢氧同位素初步研究

对安徽、山东、辽宁的几处温泉水和井水的氧和氢同位素进行了对比研究,发现温泉水的氧和氢同位素值都低于井水的氧和氢同位素值。温泉水和井水的氧和氢同位素值都落在大气降水线附近,与Craig所作的大气降水线较为吻合。这一结果说明该地区温泉水和井水的补给源都来自大气降水。温泉水的δ~(18)O值变化范围很小,说明δ~(18)O值可能受该地区地质构造控制。温泉水和井水氧和氢同位素值具有明显的纬度效应,它们的氧和氢同位素值随纬度的增大而增加。     

浅层测温在地热勘查开发中的应用

采用浅层测温方法，辅助地球物理勘探和氢氧同位素方法，论述了夏县南山底地热田开发利用的前景。     

有机质谱仪测量同位素峰丰度的精密度和准确度

本文探讨了利用带光点记录器的有机质谱仪同时测量有机分子全部同位素峰丰度的可能性,并对测量的准确度和精密度进行了讨论.     

北淮阳富碱侵入岩带Pb同位素研究

北淮阳富碱侵入岩带中的中、基性岩Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ，Ｎｄ同位素分析结果及本区已发表的磁性和酸性岩的有关成果表明，它们是由最少地壳混染端元、年轻地壳端元和古老地壳端元混合而成．本研究指出了北淮阳Ｐｂ同位素省侵入岩Ｐｂ、Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素特征的地球化学含义．     

DJ-H多通道主从式核料位计分析

探讨了一种适用于电力、冶金、化工等领域的新型仪表DJ-H多通道主从式核料位计的工作原理和系统结构,利用多CPU的技术对同位素仪表的技术性能进行改进,使其在并行处理和实时采集数据方面具有明显的优势,能极大地提高仪表的稳定性和可靠性.