联合动脉化疗栓塞手术治疗Ⅱ期宫颈癌33例疗效分析

目的探讨联合动脉化疗栓塞手术治疗Ⅱ期宫颈癌的疗效。方法33例Ⅱ期宫颈癌患者术前进行超选择动脉化疗加栓塞治疗,10～14d后行宫颈癌根治术,分析淋巴结转移情况、术中出血量和疗效,并与31例单纯手术患者进行对照。结果联合动脉化疗栓塞组临床症状均有不同程度的缓解,缓解率100％;术中平均出血量（348±28）ml,低于单纯手术组（560±45）神（P〈0．05）;术前化疗栓塞组淋巴结转移率为12．12％,低于单纯手术组19．35％（P〈0．05）。结论联合动脉化疗栓塞手术可明显改善临床症状,有效降低盆腔淋巴结转移率,减少术中出血,是治疗Ⅱ期宫颈癌的较佳模式。     

Ⅳ型胶原在子宫颈癌中的表达及与淋巴结转移的关系

目的：研究Ⅳ型胶原与子宫颈癌浸润及转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组化方法对65例宫颈浸润癌进行Ⅳ型胶原的表达。结果：Ⅱb-Ⅲa期子宫颈癌基底膜断裂或缺损明显多于Ⅰ-Ⅱa期（P＜0．025）。早期子宫颈浸润爆发生淋巴结转移组其基底膜断裂或缺损程度明显高于未转移组,（P＜0．005）。结论：子宫颈癌浸润破坏基底膜程度与临床分期有关,Ⅳ型胶原表达越差分期越高。早期宫颈浸润癌Ⅳ型胶原表达差者易发生淋巴结转移,由此可做为判断子宫颈癌浸润转移的生物学指标之一。     

新辅助化疗用于局部晚期宫颈癌临床研究

为评价新辅助化疗结合广泛全子宫切除治疗晚期宫颈癌(FIGOⅠb2到Ⅱa期)的临床疗效,选取2000年9月～2004年9月在解放军总医院妇产科确诊的局部晚期宫颈癌(FIGOⅠb2到Ⅱa期)患者67例,新辅助化疗方案为MVC(卡铂400 mg/m2、丝裂霉素10 mg/m2、长春新碱1 mg/m2),经髂内动脉、子宫动脉灌注化疗加栓塞一疗程,经阴道超声测量肿瘤体积.化疗后3周来院行广泛全子宫切除术加盆腔淋巴结清扫术.同期56例患者直接行手术治疗作为对照.结果表明新辅助化疗后总有效率为88.1%.鳞癌对新辅助化疗有效率高于腺癌(P=0.040).肿瘤最大径线<8 cm者新辅助化疗有效率高于最大径线>8 cm者(P=0.042).不同FIGO分期的宫颈癌对新辅助化疗有效率没有差异(p=0.399).不同病理分级的宫颈癌对新辅助化疗有效率没有差异(p=0.795).由此可以认为新辅助化疗结合手术治疗局部晚期宫颈癌(FIGOⅠb2到Ⅱb期)是安全可行的.     

乳腺癌四个分子亚型与腋窝淋巴结转移的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌四个分子亚型与腋窝淋巴结转移的相关性.方法选取乳腺癌患者264例,根据雌激素受体、孕激素受体、表皮生长因子受体2(Her-2)的表达,将其分为Luminal A型、Luminal B型、HER-2过表达型、Triple-negative型四个分子亚型,比较不同分子亚型之间腋窝淋巴结转移率的差异,并对影响腋窝淋巴结转移的相关因素进行多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 HER-2过表达型腋窝淋巴结转移率最高,其次为Luminal B型,不同分子亚型乳腺癌的腋窝淋巴结转移率之间差异具有统计学意义(P0.05).年龄和月经状态在腋窝淋巴结转移率之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05),浸润性小叶癌和导管癌较其他病理类型乳腺癌的淋巴结转移率明显增高;肿瘤直径大于5 cm后,淋巴结转移率明显增加,差异均具有显著统计学意义(P0.01).多因素回归分析显示:肿瘤大小、是否为Luminal A型、是否为浸润性导管癌、浸润性小叶癌为腋窝淋巴结转移的独立危险因素.结论 HER-2过表达型和Luminal B型乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移率较高;肿瘤大小、分子分型、病理类型为影响腋窝淋巴结转移的独立危险因素.     

化疗治疗宫颈癌27例临床疗效分析

目的:探讨化疗在宫颈癌治疗中的应用及疗效。方法:对大理医学院附属医院2004年1月至2010年11月宫颈癌患者Ⅰa～Ⅱb期(Ⅰa～Ⅱb)27例进行回顾性分析。结果:5例宫颈癌Ⅱb期(Ⅱb)术前新辅助化疗后均获部分缓解,并成功行广泛性全子宫切除术+盆腔淋巴结清扫术。余22例行广泛性全子宫切除术+盆腔淋巴结清扫术的同时行双侧髂内动脉灌注化疗。27例患者中除1例失访外,随访时间4个月～6年,平均随访时间25个月,除1例复发外,余均无复发及转移,为无瘤生存状态。结论:化疗治疗可作为宫颈癌术前、术中及术后的辅助治疗。     

影响胃癌根治术后复发转移的因素

目的探讨影响胃癌根治术后复发转移的因素。方法回顾性分析302例胃癌患者根治术后肿瘤复发转移的情况,并采用Logistlc进行单因素和多因素回归分析。结果本组患者根治术后复发转移率为45．4％,术后2年内复发转移率73．7％,2-5年复发转移率21．％,5年后复发转移率4．4％;单一复发转移占83．2％,多部位复发转移占16．8％。单因素分析显示胃癌根治术后复发转移与肿瘤大小、原发灶部位、癌细胞分化程度、大体分型、癌细胞浸润深度、辅助化疗、术后病理、TNM分期有关,经过多因素回归分析后显示肿瘤大小、辅助化疗、TNN分期为胃癌根治术后复发转移的独立因素。结论胃癌根治术后复发转移大部分在术后2年内,以单一复发转移为主;肿瘤大小、1NM分期及辅助化疗为胃癌根治术后复发转移的独立影响因素。     

结、直肠癌远处转移、局部淋巴结转移与胆囊胆汁癌胚抗原浓度的关系

<正>结、直肠癌淋巴结转移和转移数目是确定分期、判断预后和决定辅助治疗的重要根据。 1948年对结、直肠癌Dukes分期修正把C期再分C_1期为局部淋巴结转移,C_2期为局部顶端淋巴结转移;1954年Astler和Coller根据肿瘤侵犯深度再度修正有淋巴结转移的C期中分为C_1期为局部肿瘤侵入肠肌层,C_2期为肿瘤穿透肠壁;1974年Gunderson和Sosin修正Astler/Coller分期增加B_3和C_3,C_3期指有淋巴结转移且肿瘤粘附于或侵犯邻近器官;     

早期胃癌临床病理学研究

目的:分析早期胃癌临床病理学特点, 探讨早期胃癌病理学诊断及形态学发生机制.方法:回顾性分析江汉大学附属医院1988 ~ 2003年手术切除经病理诊断确诊有完整资料的早期胃癌24例,分别观察肿瘤的发生部位、肉眼分型 、浸润深度、肿瘤大小、组织学分类、多灶性、伴随病变以及淋巴结转移程度等各项病理学指标.结果:早期胃癌好发于胃窦区及小弯侧,溃疡型多见;粘膜内癌的瘤灶小于粘膜下癌;组织学分类以管状型腺癌为主,常与慢性萎缩性胃炎、不典型增生和肠上皮化生相伴随;4例早期胃癌呈现多灶性; 全组早期胃癌淋巴结转移率29.2%.结论:① 详细规范的病理学检查对早期胃癌的病理学诊断具有重要意义; ②早期胃癌的浸润深度、肿瘤大小、伴随疾病及淋巴结转移的数据是早期胃癌病理学诊断的重要指标.     

巨噬细胞移动抑制因子在宫颈癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨巨噬细胞移动抑制因子（MIF）在宫颈癌组织中的表达,评价其在宫颈癌发生、发展中的作用。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测42例宫颈癌组织及20例正常宫颈组织中MIF的表达。结果MIF在宫颈癌中的阳性表达率明显高于正常宫颈组织（P〈0．05）;MIF表达与宫颈癌的分化程度、临床分期及淋巴结转移密切相关（P〈0．05）,与病理类型及肿瘤直径无关联性（P〉0．05）。结论MIF可能在宫颈癌的发生及进展中起着重要的作用。     

影响胃癌根治术后复发转移的因素

目的 探讨影响胃癌根治术后复发转移的因素.方法 回顾性分析302例胃癌患者根治术后肿瘤复发转移的情况,并采用Logistic进行单因素和多因素回归分析.结果 本组患者根治术后复发转移率为45.4%,术后2年内复发转移率73.7%,2～5年复发转移率21.9%,5年后复发转移率4.4%;单一复发转移占83.2%, 多部位复发转移占16.8%.单因素分析显示胃癌根治术后复发转移与肿瘤大小、原发灶部位、癌细胞分化程度、大体分型、癌细胞授润深度、辅助化疗、术后病理、TNN分期有关,经过多因素回归分析后显示肿瘤大小、辅助化疗、TNM分期为胃癌根治术后复发转移的独立因素.结论 胃癌根治术后复发转移大部分在术后2年内,以单一复发转移为主;肿瘤大小、TNM分期及辅助化疗为胃癌根治术后复发转移的独立影响因素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-