反硝化聚磷菌的驯化及脱氮除磷性能研究

目的研究反硝化聚磷菌的富集及菌株反硝化除磷特性,丰富反硝化聚磷菌的菌种,为今后反硝化脱氮除磷技术的实际应用提供参考.方法利用活性污泥为基质快速富集以NO_3~-作为电子受体的反硝化聚磷菌,并用专性培养基于稳定运行的A~2SBR反应器中分离得到2株高效反硝化聚磷菌N4. 3和N4. 1,对两株菌的反硝化除磷效能进行研究.结果在两阶段驯化条件下,共历时36天反硝化聚磷菌富集成功,反硝化除磷系统出水COD、TP和NO_3~--N的质量浓度分别为24. 52 mg/L、0. 37mg/L和2. 64 mg/L; N4. 3和N4. 1均具有PHB及异染颗粒,且革兰氏染色均呈阳性; N4. 3和N4. 1硝态氮去除率分别为95. 83%、96. 30%,总磷去除率分别为88. 34%、91. 42%.结论 A~2SBR系统中反硝化聚磷菌富集效果较好,并且分离出两株具有较高的反硝化吸磷能力的菌株.     

异养硝化好氧反硝化菌对食品工业废水的降解特性研究

通过用模拟的食品工业废水来培养8株异养硝化-好氧反硝化菌,以研究8株菌的生化及脱氮除磷性能,为提高食品工业废水处理效率提供理论基础.以琥珀酸钠为碳源、硫酸铵为氮源、磷酸氢二钾为磷源,将8株菌接种于实验室配制的模拟培养基,每隔24 h测定水中OD600、COD、NH3-N、TN和TP浓度.实验结果表明,8株菌生长情况良好并且均具有良好的生化能力和脱氮能力,在初始进水COD为2 310 mg/L、TN为87 mg/L的情况下,COD和TN的去除率最高分别可达到97.2%和89.2%,但除磷效果不明显.说明这8株菌能够在磷源低消耗的情况下,正常生长并表现出良好生化能力和脱氮能力,适合处理N/P较高的食品废水.     

几株反硝化聚磷菌的筛选及其生理生化特性的鉴定

为研究反硝化聚磷菌的生物学特性,通过吸磷试验、硝酸盐还原产气试验及异染颗粒和PHB颗粒染色辅助检验,从苏州某食品厂排放的废水中分离筛选出3株反硝化聚磷菌B4、B5和B6。经鉴定,分别属于沙雷菌菌属（Serrat／a）、拉恩菌菌属（Rahnella aquatilis）和不动杆菌菌属（Acinetobacter）。测定了这3株菌的生长曲线,研究了温度和pH值对这3株菌株的生长及脱氮除磷效能的影响。结果表明,B4、B5和B6菌株的生长和脱氮除磷反应最适温度均在30℃左右;在室温条件下,B4、B5和B6生长的最适pH为6．5～8．5;3株菌反硝化脱氮除磷反应的最佳pH值均为中性偏碱。     

化学强化除磷污水处理厂聚磷菌的分离筛选

近年在化学除磷污水厂中出现了污泥释磷聚磷能力下降甚至消失的现象,本文针对这一问题,从长期运行化学除磷的某污水处理厂倒置A/A/O工艺中分离鉴定聚磷菌,确定化学除磷药剂长期胁迫下聚磷菌的优势菌种,以期为化学除磷污水厂的生物强化除磷提供菌种资源.采用平板稀释涂布法,结合蓝白斑实验以及poly-P和PHB染色实验,筛选出三株聚磷菌.通过好氧吸磷和厌氧释磷实验,发现菌株P2和P19有较强的吸磷和释磷能力.经过16S RNA测序和Genbank比对,最终确定P2与植生拉乌尔菌(Raoultella planticola)的同源性为98%,P19与克雷伯氏杆菌(Klebsiella pneumoniae)的同源性为98%.     

聚磷菌AP7的筛选及除磷特性研究

从城市污水处理厂好氧池活性污泥中分离获得一株高效聚磷菌AP7,经形态特征和生理生化初步鉴定该株为恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)。实验表明,菌株AP7具有典型的厌氧释磷和好氧吸磷的特征,除磷率为70.1%。     

聚磷菌的筛选鉴定及其影响因素试验研究

为筛选出EBPR工艺中聚磷能力强的菌株，采用四区划线法、蓝白斑筛选法和内聚物染色法从SBR反应器内分离筛选出XC-1、XC-2和XC-3共3株聚磷菌，经生理生化试验和16S rDNA基因序列分析，结果显示这3株菌株为土壤杆菌属(Agrobacterium),均被鉴定为根癌土壤杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)。各菌株的生长特性试验表明：在培养的第24小时时菌株生长趋于稳定，第18小时时摄磷过程结束，除磷率维持在75%以上。其中XC-1的除磷能力相对较强，除磷率稳定在80%左右。聚磷菌除磷试验结果表明：聚磷菌适宜在中性偏碱性环境中生长，在pH为7～8时能够维持较强的除磷能力；温度控制在30℃左右时有利于除磷；生长环境中的营养物质必须满足聚磷菌的生长需求，控制接种量在6%、装液量控制在50～75 mL最为适宜。     

一株反硝化聚磷菌的筛选及其脱氮除磷性能研究

为给工程化应用提供一定的理论支持和依据,研究了反硝化聚磷菌的脱氮除磷效率和适宜的生长环境。以青岛市某污水处理厂成熟活性污泥为菌种来源,通过筛选、培养、形态分析、分子生物学鉴定等方法,分析了该菌生长规律与其脱氮除磷率的关系,并通过改变温度、pH和碳源等生长条件研究对其脱氮除磷率的影响。成功分离并鉴定了一株脱氮除磷率高的反硝化聚磷菌株,该菌株是假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.),脱氮除磷效率较高,其脱氮除磷率超过90%。该菌株在温度30℃,碱性环境,碳源为柠檬酸钠条件下,能够较好的生长。     

基于磷酸盐还原过程的食品发酵废水厌氧除磷工艺研究

采用具有磷酸盐还原功能的菌株,对模拟的食品发酵废水进行厌氧除磷工艺研究。通过向厌氧反应器投加前期筛选得到的磷酸盐还原菌进行污泥驯化、正交试验和单因素实验,确定食品发酵废水厌氧除磷工艺的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明:经过12个周期的驯化,使投加菌株的污泥具有良好的生化和除磷性能,反应器出水CODCr和总磷质量浓度分别为319.60mg/L和13.58mg/L,相应去除率分别为69.43%和20.95%。厌氧除磷工艺最佳工艺条件为培养温度30℃、pH值为7、氮源为蛋白胨+NH₄Cl+NaNO₃,总磷质量浓度为17.5mg/L,总磷去除率可达37.96%,产生的PH₃的磷含量占总磷去除量的24.61%。     

一株高效聚磷菌的筛选鉴定及基因组分析

聚磷菌(polyphosphate accumulating organisms,PAOs)能够在好氧环境下,从外界过量吸收可溶性磷酸盐,并以多聚磷酸盐(Poly-P)的形式贮存;厌氧环境下,可以通过释放体内的多聚磷酸盐获得能量,供自身新陈代谢所需,此类菌株对环境治理和磷资源的开发有重大意义.以湖北某磷化工生产厂周边的土壤为材料,采用传统的平板分离技术并结合高通量筛选法,筛选到一株高效聚磷菌株MET70,在磷含量为10 mg/L的液体聚磷培养基中,培养48 h,聚磷率可达95.8%.对该菌株形态学、生理生化、16S rDNA序列、T-A克隆鉴定及基因组序列分析,判定它是一株嗜麦芽寡营养单胞菌(Stenotrophomonas maltophilia).     

A 2O-MBR工艺反硝化脱氮除磷研究

以自行设计的双反应器A2O-MBR为研究对象.对模拟生活废水的脱氮除磷进行了研究.结果表明:当N、P负荷为0.14和0.3 kg·m-3·d-1时,COD、N、P去除率分别为90.5%、80.6%和67.7%,系统不必外投硝酸盐即可实现反硝化除磷.具有很强的反硝化脱氪除磷能力,反硝化聚磷菌(DPAOs)占总聚磷菌(PAO)的比例和反硝化除磷量占总除磷量的比率分别达70.00%和69.81%;污泥回漉中硝酸盐量超过一定范围会发生对厌氧释磷的抑制.本系统中当进水ρ(COD):ρ(TP)为30:1时,进水COD与回流污泥硝酸盐的比例应高于30:1.采用问歇抽吸出水有助于延缓膜污染,膜出水不受污泥沉降性的影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~