钨合金力学性能及断口形貌的温度效应

研究了真空退火态93WNiFe合金在10-900℃的拉伸性能、断口形貌及显微组织,研究结果表明：随着温度的升高钨合金抗拉强度逐渐下降,延伸率先上升后下降,在400℃出现峰值,断口形貌由钨颗粒解理型断裂逐渐向钨颗粒与粘结相脱开型断裂转变,钨合金抗拉强度主要受断口断裂模式的影响,而延伸率却受钨颗粒和粘结相变形的共同影响。     

部分固溶处理对AZ91D镁合金微观组织及力学性能的影响

对AZ91D镁合金进行部分固溶处理,研究其热处理后的组织和性能.结果表明:温度较低时,合金的性能随时间变化不明显.升高温度,硬度随时间延长逐渐降低,而抗拉强度和延伸率逐渐增加.当保温时间一定时,硬度随温度的升高逐渐降低,抗拉强度和延伸率则逐渐增加.部分固溶处理后,晶界处硬脆相β-Mg17Al12部分溶入基体,同时由原来的网状分布变成岛状分布.硬脆相的减少,使得合金的硬度有所下降,但高于完全固溶处理后的硬度,而硬脆相形态的改变,又提高了材料的抗拉强度和延伸率.升高温度或延长保温时间,合金的脆性断裂倾向减小,拉伸断口呈现出较多的韧窝,对大幅度提高合金的力学性能极为有利.     

钨合金力学行为的计算机数值模拟─—宏观力学性能

在微观力学行为分析的基础上，对90W合金宏观力学性能及其与微观结构因素（粘结相力学参数）之间的关系进行了计算机数值模拟研究．结果表明：钨合金性能与粘结相力学参数密切相关．随着粘结相弹性模量增加，合金的抗拉强度增加，但延伸率降低．当粘结相屈服强度800MPa时，合金抗拉强度随粘结相屈服强度增加而增大，在粘结相屈服度为800MPa时达到最大值．随粘结相抗拉强度增加，合金抗拉强度和延伸率均呈近似线性规律增加．合金延伸率对粘结相应变硬化模量极为敏感．     

一种新型镍基单晶高温合金拉伸性能研究

研究了一种新型镍基单晶高温合金拉伸性能及断裂模式。采用[001]取向制备拉伸性能试样,以平行于单晶[001]取向作为应力轴方向,采用扫描电镜观察断口形貌。实验结果表明,随着拉伸温度升高,合金的抗拉和屈服强度逐渐升高,并分别在760℃和850℃达到峰值,之后随着温度升高迅速下降。塑性随温度的变化则相反,在760℃塑性指标达到最低值,随后断面收缩率急剧增加,而延伸率在850℃达到峰值后迅速下降。合金的拉伸断裂模式在980℃从准解理断裂转向塑韧性断裂。     

稀土元素La,Ce对93WNiFe合金力学性能的影响

通过粉末冶金方法制备了添加稀土元素La,Ce的93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金,研究了稀土元素对高密度93钨合金静、动态力学性能的影响. 结果表明,添加少量的稀土元素La,Ce可以显著提高93钨合金的力学性能. La,Ce的加入使合金断口上钨-钨界面分离和钨-粘结相界面开裂的比例减少,钨颗粒解理断裂和基体相韧性撕裂的比例增加. 稀土元素La,Ce改变了氧和硫在合金中的存在与分布状态,减小了其在钨-粘结相界面的偏聚,从而改善了合金的力学性能.     

2024Al/Gr/SiCp复合材料耐热性能研究

研究了采用真空热压法制备的2024Al/Gr/SiC_p复合材料高温拉伸性能及长时间热暴露后的室温力学性能,同时对拉伸断口进行分析,探讨了SiC颗粒和石墨对材料耐热性能的影响.结果表明:2024基体合金和2024Al/Gr/SiC_p复合材料在200℃及以下热暴露时,复合材料的强度下降幅度较小,但基体合金的强度下降幅度明显比复合材料的大,这与增强相SiC颗粒与石墨提高了材料的耐热性能有关.在300℃热暴露条件下,2024基体合金和2024Al/Gr/SiC_p复合材料的力学性能快速下降.2024Al及其复合材料的高温拉伸性能随拉伸温度升高而下降,在200℃及以下温度抗拉强度较好,250℃及以上温度抗拉强度快速下降.高温拉伸和热暴露处理后的2024铝合金基体的断裂机制为韧性断裂,2024Al/Gr/SiC_p复合材料的断裂机制为基体韧性断裂及石墨断裂、SiC颗粒与界面分离的混合断裂机制.     

再结晶退火对ECAP变形5083铝合金力学性能的影响

为改善5083铝合金的力学性能,先后对其进行一道次等通道转角挤压处理及再结晶退火处理,再进行拉伸实验,分析变形温度、变形速率对合金伸长率和抗拉强度的影响,并观察合金的断口形貌.结果表明,在拉伸温度为100℃,应变速率为6.67×10-4 s-1时,合金的抗拉强度最高,达到319.7 MPa;当拉伸温度为300℃,应变速率为1.67×10-4 s-1时,合金的伸长率最大,达到75.8％.在拉伸变形过程中,合金出现应变硬化和应变软化现象,并且伴随有锯齿形流变现象.拉伸试样的断裂形式宏观表现为韧性断裂,微观形式为穿晶断裂,断口形貌由韧窝组成.随着变形温度的升高,韧窝的数量增多,尺寸变大,分布变均匀.     

钨合金力学行为的计算机数值模拟——宏观力学性能

在微观力学行为分析的基础上，对９０Ｗ合金宏观力学性能及其与微观结构因素（粘结相力学参数）之间的关系进行了计算机数值模拟研究，结果表明：钨合金性能与粘结相力学参数密切相关，随着粘结相弹性模量增加，合金的抗拉强度增加，但延伸率当粘结相屈服强度≤８００ＭＰａ时，合金抗位强度随粘结相屈服强度增加而增大，在粘结相屈服率为８００ＭＰａ时达到最大值，随粘结相抗拉强度增加，合金抗拉强度和延伸率呈近似线性规律增加，     

高硅铝合金高温微观力学行为研究

高硅铝合金以其优异的性能在电子封装领域具有广阔的应用前景,准确地测量其高温微观力学行为具有重要意义.本文基于数字图像相关(DIC)方法,对Al-27%Si、Al-42%Si、Al-60%Si3种不同硅含量高硅铝合金的拉伸试样开展了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下的高温原位拉伸实验研究.分析了在20～300℃下测得的3种合金的应力-应变曲线、微尺度全场应变分布规律以及拉伸试样的断口形貌.结果表明,硅的含量和温度对高硅铝合金拉伸力学行为具有显著的影响.随着温度的升高,3种合金的应变量均逐渐增大,其中Al-27%Si的应变量变化最大.3种合金的抗拉强度随温度的升高均近似呈线性趋势降低,常温下Al-27%Si最高,200℃以上时Al-42%Si最高,Al-60%Si合金的抗拉强度最低.在Al-27%Si与Al-42%Si合金的应变场中的铝基体相内部出现了明显的应变集中现象,而Al-60%Si的应变分布较均匀.温度对3种合金的微尺度拉伸变形场分布规律影响不大.合金的拉伸断口形貌表明,随着硅含量的增加,高硅铝合金主要的拉伸断裂机制由铝相的韧性断裂逐渐转变为硅相的脆性断裂,而温度对其影响较小.3种高硅铝合金在不同温度下拉伸时均无明显的屈服现象,也未出现颈缩现象.     

Cu对Al-Zn-Mg-Xcu合金组织、 断裂及淬透性的影响

采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)以及室温拉伸、末端淬火等测试方法,研究了Cu对Al-7.6Zn-1.6Mg-XCu合金组织、断裂和淬透性的影响.研究表明:随着Cu质量分数的增加,合金的强度先增加后减小,合金的强度在Cu质量分数为1.70%时出现峰值;合金的力学性能各向异性随Cu质量分数的增加,先减小再增大,Cu质量分数为1.45%时,合金的力学性能各向异性最小;随着Cu质量分数的升高,合金横向断裂模式从以穿晶断裂为主向沿晶断裂转变.与合金纵向延伸率变化幅度比较,Cu质量分数对合金横向延伸率影响更加显著.随着Cu质量分数的升高和淬火速率降低,合金时效后平衡相的周围出现明显的无沉淀析出带,导致合金硬度下降明显,淬透性也大大降低.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that