P systems generating iso-picture languages

P systems generating rectangular arrays and hexagonal arrays have been studied in the literature, bringing together the two areas of theoretical computer science, namely membrane computing and picture languages. Recently, a new class of picture languages called the class of iso-picture languages generating interesting picture languages has been introduced. In this paper, we develop a class of tissue-like P systems with active membranes as a generative device for iso-picture languages.     

P systems generating iso-plcture languages

P systems generating rectangular arrays and hexagonal arrays have been studied in the literature,bringing together the two areas of theoretical computer science,namely membrane computing and picture languages.Recently,a new class of picture languages called the class of iso-picture languages generating interesting picture languages has been introduced.In this paper,we develop a class of tissue-like P systems with active membranes as a generative device for iso-picture languages.     

P systems with array objects and array rewriting rules

Array P systems were introduced by Paun Gh. which is linking the two areas of membrane computing and picture grammars. Puzzle grammars were introduced by us for generating connected picture arrays in the two-dimensional plane, motivated by the problem of tiling the plane. On the other hand, incorporating into arrays the developmental type of generation used in the well-known biologically motivated L systems, Siromoney and Siromoney proposed a very general rectangular array generating model, called extended controlled tabled L array system (ECTLAS). In this paper we introduce two variations of the array P system, called BPG array P system and parallel array P system. The former has in the regions array objects and basic puzzle grammar rules (BPG), which are a specific kind of puzzle grammar rules. In the latter, the regions have rectangular array objects and tables of context-free rules. We examine these two types of P systems for their array generative power.     

P systems with array objects and array rewriting rules

Array P systems were introduced by Paun Gh. which is linking the two areas of membrane computing and picture grammars. Puzzle grammars were introduced by us for generating connected picture arrays in the two-dimensional plane, motivated by the problem of tiling the plane. On the other hand, incorporating into arrays the developmental type of generation used in the well-known biologically motivated L systems, Siromoney and Siromoney proposed a very general rectangular array generating model, called extended controlled tabled L array system (ECTLAS). In this paper we introduce two variations of the array P system, called BPG array P system and parallel array P system. The former has in the regions array objects and basic puzzle grammar rules (BPG), which are a specific kind of puzzle grammar rules. In the latter, the regions have rectangular array objects and tables of context-free rules. We examine these two types of P systems for their array generative power.     

Convergence in the<Emphasis Type="Italic">r</Emphasis>-th mean and the Marcinkiewicz type weak law of large numbers for weighted sums of<Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Subscript>q</Subscript>-mixingale arrays

L _r convergence and convergence in probability for weighted sums ofL _q-mixingale arrays have been discussed and the Marcinkiewicz type weak law of large numbers forL _q-mixingale arrays has been obtained. Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10071058) Biography: Gan Shi-xin (1939-), male, Professor, research direction; martingale theory, probability limiting theory and Banach space geometry theory.     

左消语言与析取语言及其推广的乘积性质

 主要解决了左消语言与析取语言及其推广的乘积是何种语言的问题.首先,证明了:当X是左消语言,Y是任意语言时,XY的主同余包含在Y的主同余中.在此基础上得到了如下关于析取语言及其推广的一些结论:当X是左消语言,Y是析取语言或是其推广时,XY也是相应的同类语言.     

完全图Kn的{P5,C5}分解

图分解问题已在很多邻域中得到了广泛的应用。用P₅表示5个顶点的路，C₅表示5个顶点的圈，本研究讨论了完全图K_n分解成5个顶点的路P₅和圈C₅的存在性，给出完全图K_n存在{P₅,C₅}-强制分解的充分必要条件是n≥7(n≠8)，以及完全图K_n存在{P₅,C₅}-分解的充分必要条件是n≥5(n≠6)。     

Dashnic-Zusmanovich矩阵线性互补问题误差界的估计

研究P-矩阵的新子类Dashnic-Zusmanovich矩阵线性互补问题的误差界.利用Dashnic-Zusmanovich矩阵M和■=I-D+DM的性质、不等式的性质,以及M矩阵的逆矩阵无穷范数上界的估计式,得到了矩阵M的线性互补误差界的估计式.     

金花茶回归苗木的生长、光合特性和叶片形态特征

金花茶（Camellia nitidissima）为国家二级重点保护野生植物,具有重要的观赏、药用和科研价值,但其野生资源遭到极为严重的破坏,有濒临灭绝的风险,因此开展金花茶的回归引种,可有效保护该物种。为探究金花茶实生苗、扦插苗回归引种到原生境近7年后在生长和光合生理特性方面的差异,本研究对其生长状况、成活率、光合特性和叶片形态特征等进行测定。结果表明：金花茶回归苗木实生苗比扦插苗具有更大的生长量和更高的成活率;实生苗最大净光合速率（P_max）、光饱和点（LSP）、表观量子效率（AQY）均显著高于对应点的扦插苗（P<0.05）,其光能利用范围也大于对应点的扦插苗;实生苗的叶绿素a （Chl a）、叶绿素b （Chl b）和类胡萝卜素（Car）含量均显著低于对应点的扦插苗（P<0.05）,但叶片厚度、海绵组织厚度、中脉导管直径和叶面积则均显著大于对应点的扦插苗（P<0.05）;双因素方差分析结果表明,回归点和苗木类型分别对金花茶的株高、地径、成活率、P_max、LSP、叶绿素含量和叶面积均有极显著影响（P<0.01）。因此,在开展金花茶回归引种中宜优先选用实生苗种植,并选择具有中等遮阴环境的野外生境进行回归。     

Ding f-投射模

引入了Ding f-投射左R-模的概念.证明了:由所有Ding f-投射左R-模构成的类关于直和以及直和项封闭;若R是左凝聚环,则由所有Ding f-投射左R-模构成的类关于纯扩张以及纯子模封闭.     

一类潜伏期和染病期均传染的SEIQR流行病模型的稳定性

研究了一类潜伏期和染病期均传染的SEIQR流行病模型,定义了基本再生数R_0.并运用Routh-Hurtwiz判据、 Lyapunov函数及LaSalle不变集原理和第二加性复合矩阵证明了当R_01时,模型存在唯一的无病平衡点P_0,且P_0全局渐近稳定;当R_01时,模型存在两个平衡点,无病平衡点P_0不稳定,地方病平衡点P~*全局渐近稳定.最后进行了数值模拟.     

濒危植物暖地杓兰的叶解剖结构和光合特性

暖地杓兰(Cypripedium subtropicum)是兰科(Orchidaceae)杓兰属(Cypripedium)目前已知的唯一一种多年生常绿草本植物,其野生资源遭受严重破坏,野外居群数量急剧减少,已被列为我国一级重点保护野生植物。为探讨暖地杓兰不同生长期叶片的解剖结构和光合生理特性的差异,本研究对其叶表皮特征、叶解剖结构、光合特性以及光合色素含量展开研究,以期为暖地杓兰的保育和引种驯化提供科学依据。结果表明：(1)暖地杓兰叶片上、下表皮的形状不规则,呈波状,并且气孔和表皮毛仅分布于下表皮;叶片结构由表皮、叶肉和叶脉组成,叶肉无栅栏组织和海绵组织的分化。结实植株的气孔面积、叶片厚度和叶主脉厚度均极显著大于幼苗。(2)暖地杓兰结实植株和幼苗的最大净光合速率(P_max)、光补偿点(LCP)、表观量子效率(AQY)均较低,且结实植株极显著大于幼苗,说明其具有阴生植物的特征。(3)暖地杓兰结实植株叶片的光合色素含量极显著大于幼苗。(4)暖地杓兰叶片的P_max、LSP、AQY、暗呼吸速率(R_d)与Chl(a+b)、叶主脉厚...     

广东石豆兰及其易混伪品的营养成分分析与评价

为探究广东石豆兰(Bulbophyllum kwangtungense)、密花石豆兰(B.odoratissimum)和云南石仙桃(Pholidota yunnanensis)的营养成分差异,为植物资源的开发利用提供理论依据,本研究以3种兰科植物的全株为材料,按照国家标准中的检测方法对其主要营养成分、活性物质及矿物质元素进行测定,并通过氨基酸评分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)对其氨基酸营养价值进行评价。结果表明,广东石豆兰中粗蛋白、灰分、总糖、硒、钙的含量与密花石豆兰及云南石仙桃无显著差异(P＞0.05),而维生素E、钾含量显著高于密花石豆兰及云南石仙桃(P＜0.05)。广东石豆兰和密花石豆兰中茶多酚、镁含量显著高于云南石仙桃(P＜0.05);广东石豆兰和云南石仙桃中氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸总量、鲜味氨基酸、药效氨基酸和总黄酮含量显著高于密花石豆兰,而粗脂肪含量显著低于密花石豆兰(P＜0.05)。密花石豆兰和云南石仙桃作为广东石豆兰的易混伪品,在预防高血压和心血管疾病以及抗肿瘤活性、抗宫颈癌、延缓衰老、增强活力等营养保健功效上,密花石豆兰及云南石仙桃都不能完全替代广东石豆兰。     

陆英不同部位水提液抗炎镇痛作用的比较研究

目的比较陆英不同部位水提液的抗炎镇痛作用。方法采用二甲苯致小鼠耳肿胀炎症模型,研究陆英不同部位水提液灌胃给药对急性炎症的作用。采用热板法和醋酸扭体法致痛,研究陆英不同部位水提液灌胃给药的镇痛作用。结果与模型组相比,陆英根与茎叶水提液高、低剂量(10.0、5.0 g生药/kg)组显著抑制二甲苯所致小鼠耳肿胀(P0.01)。陆英根与茎叶水提液高、低剂量(10.0、5.0 g生药/kg)组给药后明显延长热板所致小鼠的痛阈值,与模型组和自身给药前比较差异极显著(P0.01);陆英根与茎叶水提液高、低剂量(10.0、5.0 g生药/kg)组明显减少醋酸所致小鼠扭体反应次数,与模型组比较差异极显著(P0.01)。陆英根水提液高、低剂量组给药后与相同剂量的茎叶水提液相比,差异显著(P0.05、P0.01)。结论陆英根与茎叶水提液灌胃给药均具有抗炎、镇痛作用,且根水提液抗炎镇痛作用强于茎叶水提液。     

全州禾花鲤主要生长性状的遗传参数估计

为估计全州禾花鲤(Cyprinus carpio var.Quanzhouensis)生长性状的遗传参数,采用嵌套交配设计和人工授精法构建了23个全州禾花鲤家系,利用混合线性模型估计全州禾花鲤体质量、体长、体宽、体长/体宽、日增重的遗传力、表型相关、遗传相关及育种值。结果表明：体质量(0.45,P<0.01)、体长(0.42,P<0.01)、体宽(0.36,P<0.01)和日增重(0.39,P<0.05)为高遗传力,体长/体宽(0.12,P>0.05)为低遗传力。体质量、体宽、全长、日增重性状相互之间有较高的表型相关与遗传相关(0.76-0.99),体质量与体长/体宽、日增重与体长/体宽之间表型相关与遗传相关(0.55-0.67)较低。育种值分析显示日增重与体长、日增重与体宽、体长与体宽性状育种值之间极显著相关(P<0.01),采用育种值开展个体选择与表型值选择结果存在明显差异。全州禾花鲤选育应采用多性状综合选育策略,同时改良生长速度、体型和体色性状,从而获得优质高产禾花鲤新品种。     

Computed tomography ( CT ) of nasal cavity ofIkechosaurus sunailinae (Reptilia: Choristodera)

The CT technique was first applied to observing the nasal cavity ofIkechosaurus sunailinae. The results indicate that the nasal cavity is very complex, and it was divided into two parts: the posterior-upper part and the anterior-lower one. These control olfaction and thermoregulation respectively. The partial loss of pineal systems suggests that this animal may have been evolving toward endothermy. Therefore,Ikechosaurus may have had a strong ability to thermoregulate, thus keeping a high level of activity. But it still did not maintain constant temperature, as the birds and mammals do.     

爵床提取物抗炎镇痛作用的实验研究

目的探讨爵床提取物的抗炎镇痛作用。方法采用致炎剂二甲苯引起小鼠耳肿胀、新鲜蛋清引起大鼠足跖肿胀2种急性炎症模型以及棉球引起大鼠肉芽肿慢性炎症模型,研究爵床提取物灌胃给药对急慢性炎症的作用。采用热板法、醋酸扭体法和甲醛法致痛,研究爵床提取物灌胃给药的镇痛作用。结果与纯化水对照组相比,爵床醇提取物和水提取物高、低剂量组对致炎剂二甲苯所引起的小鼠耳廓肿胀抑制显著(P 0. 01,P 0. 05),对蛋清所引起的大鼠足跖肿胀抑制显著(P 0. 01),对大鼠棉球肉芽肿抑制显著(P 0. 01)。爵床醇提取物和水提取物高、低剂量组给药后对热板所引起的小鼠痛阈值明显提高,与纯化水对照组和自身给药前比较差异明显(P 0. 01,P 0. 05);爵床醇提取物和水提取物高、低剂量组对致痛剂醋酸所引起的小鼠扭体反应次数明显减少,也明显抑制甲醛所引起的早期(0～5 min)和晚期(15～30 min)小鼠足痛反应,与纯化水对照组比较差异显著(P 0. 01)。爵床醇提取物的抗炎镇痛作用比水提取物强(P 0. 01,P 0. 05)。结论爵床提取物灌胃给药具有一定抗炎、镇痛作用,且醇提取物强于水提取物。     

截叶铁扫帚提取物促胃肠动力作用初探

目的 初步探究截叶铁扫帚水提物和醇提物对肠胃向下推进运动功能的影响。方法 采用整体肠向下推进运动及胃排空实验法以及离体肠实验法,研究截叶铁扫帚水提物和醇提物对肠胃运动功能的影响。结果 与蒸馏水组相比较,截叶铁扫帚水提物和醇提物高、低剂量（10.0、5.0 g生药/kg）组均使胃内容物残留率降低显著（P<0.01）,小肠推进率明显提高（P<0.05,P<0.01）;截叶铁扫帚水提物高剂量与相同剂量醇提物相比,在胃内容物残留率的降低和小肠推进率的提高两方面具有显著差异（P<0.05）。在离体实验中,与给药前比较,截叶铁扫帚水提物给药后的回肠管收缩幅度和收缩活动力显著强于给药前（P<0.01）;截叶铁扫帚醇提物给药后回肠管收缩幅度也明显比给药前强（P<0.05）;从家兔离体回肠收缩幅度、收缩活动力比较,截叶铁扫帚水提物显著比醇提物强（P<0.01）。结论 截叶铁扫帚水提物和醇提物具有促进肠胃运动的作用,且水提物比醇提物强。     

5种饲料对糙海参幼参生长和营养成分的影响

为探讨不同饲料间的营养搭配,优化热带海参配合饲料及提高糙海参(Holothuria scabra)人工养殖技术,本研究分析了5种饲料对糙海参幼参生长和营养成分的影响。试验采用虾料、螺旋藻粉、马尾藻粉、配合饲料和发酵饲料[由配合饲料、马尾藻粉、丁酸梭菌(Clostridium butyrate)、海洋红酵母(Rhodotorula benthica)和螺旋藻粉按一定比例混合发酵]分别投喂幼参[体质量为(1.06±0.20) g],养殖周期40 d,最后测定幼参的体质量、特定生长率(SGR)及体壁营养成分。结果显示,40 d时配合饲料组幼参体质量、SGR最高,发酵饲料组次之,均显著高于其余饲料组(P<0.05)。虾料组、配合饲料组幼参体壁粗蛋白含量显著高于马尾藻粉组、螺旋藻粉组(P<0.05),发酵饲料组与其余组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);配合饲料组、发酵饲料组和虾料组幼参含水率显著高于螺旋藻粉组、马尾藻粉组以及试验初始时幼参的含水率(P<0.05);马尾藻粉组幼参灰分含量显著高于对虾组、配合饲料组以及试验初始时幼参的灰分含量(P<0.05);虾料组幼参能...