亚温淬火对35CrMo钢抗氢脆性能的影响

本试验结果表明：３５ＣｒＭｏ钢在亚温淬火温度高于７９０℃（即钢中残留的铁素体量低于１１．２％），并经高温回火后，它的抗拉强度、屈服强度以及常温冲击韧性都有明显的提高，钢的氢脆敏感性也得到改善．初步认为亚温淬火细化了晶粒和组织是各项性能获得改善的主要原因．     

40Cr钢亚温淬火强韧化效果研究

在固定除淬火加热温度以外其它各热处理工艺参数的条件下,通过对40Cr钢不同温度亚温淬火的强度、硬度和冲击韧性的研究,确定了40Cr钢在先共析铁素体向奥氏体转变终了温度以下10℃范围内进行亚温淬火,其强度和韧性达到了最佳配合。通过亚温淬火与生产中常用的完全淬火强韧化效果比较,得出40Cr钢亚温淬火后强韧性不低于完全淬火,且在满足使用性能要求的前提下显著降低了淬火加热温度,减少了能源消耗。     

亚温淬火对22SiMnCrNi2MoA钢组织和性能的影响

探讨了亚温淬火+回火热处理对22SiMnCrNi2MoA钢的组织形貌、组成相和力学性能的影响.结果表明:亚温淬火后组织为回火马氏体和少量铁素体;随着亚温淬火温度的升高,块状铁素体的量逐渐减少,使材料的强度和低温韧性逐渐增加, 840℃亚温淬火时材料具有较好的强韧性.     

35CrMo钢亚温淬火后的低温拉伸和冲击性能

本文通过对35CrMo钢采用在(A+F)两相区内进行亚温加热淬火并高温回火以及常规调质处理后的室温～-196℃光滑和缺口拉伸、系列冲击试验,探索了亚温淬火对改善35CrMo钢低温强韧性的可能性.试验结果表明:35CrMo钢亚温淬火后,可使奥氏体晶粒得到显著细化(达到12级晶粒度);与常规调质处理相比,在低温下光滑拉伸强度稍有提高,而塑性稍有降低.但确显著提高低温下的缺口拉伸强度,降低缺口敏感性.同时还显著提高脆性转化温度附近的冲击韧性,但在其它温区提高不甚明显.冷脆转化温度约降低20℃;亚温淬火后低温下拉伸断裂的基本特征是裂纹均在碳化物和铁素体的边界处萌生,并以穿晶扩展为主.在液氮温度下,也不出现脆性的解理断裂,而是以准解理为主并有少量韧窝的混合型断裂;较佳的亚温淬火工艺是原始为淬火态,采用820℃加热淬火(未溶铁素体约13%左右)和550℃高温回火.     

25MnV钢强韧化工艺

对25MnV钢进行了常规淬火,亚温淬火及常规淬火＋深冷处理工艺研究。试验结果表明,与常规淬火工艺相比,采用亚温淬火、常规淬火＋深冷处理两种工艺后,在保持硬度（强度）基本不变的前提下,冲击韧性和耐磨性均具有显著提高,而深冷处理具有工艺简单、成本低廉的特点,因此可以作为结构钢的一种强韧化工艺。     

预处理对40Cr钢亚温淬火组织和性能的影响

本文主要研究了预处理对40Cr钢的亚温淬火工艺的影响。研究表明随着亚温淬火温度的升高，马氏体量逐渐增加，铁素体量逐渐减少，同时铁素体形态也发生改变，由原来的块状变成细小的针状。经淬火处理的40Ct钢力学性能均高于退火态。这些研究势必为40Ct钢应用的扩大提供理论依据。     

45钢亚温淬火组织及性能研究

45钢是我国目前用量较大的调质钢,通过研究45钢经调质和亚温淬火热处理后的硬度,冲击韧度和金相组织,来寻求合适的45钢热处理工艺.结果表明,45钢仅采用调质处理,不能满足高硬度高韧性的技术要求,采用亚温淬火热处理配合可解决上述问题,得到最优的综合力学性能,考虑经济性时可直接采用770℃淬火500℃回火的热处理工艺.在保证45钢强度和硬度的同时,要提高韧性的最理想的热处理工艺为840℃淬火550℃回火＋770℃淬火500℃回火.     

热处理对NiAlMn高温形状记忆合金相变行为的影响

研究了热处理和热循环Ni－Al－30Mn高温形状记忆合金相变行为的影响。结果表明：（1）在600－1100℃固溶淬火时，随固溶温度升高，该合金的马氏体相变温度升高；在1000℃固溶淬火后，马氏体相变开始温度和马氏体逆相变结束温度为分别为465℃和549℃，（2）在1000℃固溶处理处理和400℃时效处理后，该合金可获得良好的相变特性；热循环使相变行为的稳定性提高。（3）该合金的淬火组织由马氏体和γ相组成，其中马氏体的体积约占60％，马氏体的硬度高于γ相，时效处理后合金的相组成未变，硬度有所增加。     

冷拔高碳钢丝织构演变分析

利用电子背散射衍射分析(EBSD)方法对高碳钢丝拉拔及再结晶过程织构的演变过程及织构分布进行了研究.研究发现随钢丝应变量的增加,钢丝中除了典型的<110丝织构外,还存在比较明显的<112织构,并且随着应变量的增加<110织构的强度逐渐增加;同时,在ε=1.9时,钢丝表层<110强度及所占比例大于中心部分,而<112织构强度弱于中心部分;在经过600℃退火再结晶后钢丝中产生的再结晶织构与形变织构相同,仍然为<110和<112织构,并且随退火时间延长,织构强度不断变弱.     

亚温淬火在控制淬火变形上的应用

通过对亚温淬火在一些零件淬火中的应用实例,指出亚温淬火在控制淬火变形方面有广阔的应用和发展前景。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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