环流修正模型对连续弯道水流模拟的适用性分析

现有的环流修正模型多通过对单弯道或曲率较小的连续弯道的水流模拟来验证,其对曲率较大的连续弯道或天然河道水流模拟的适用性有待进一步分析。为解决这一问题,该文将修正模型应用于曲率较大及与天然河道平面形态相近的变曲率连续弯道的水流模拟中,来检验修正模型的适用性并分析修正项的作用。结果表明:修正模型模拟的水深略高于非修正模型,纵向水深平均流速与实测值更接近,在壁面附近尤为明显。通过对修正项的分析得出,修正项的量级与黏性项量级相当,其作用不可忽略,且在壁面附近对流速的修正作用最明显。通过分析表明,该文所采用的修正模型对曲率较大的连续弯道的水流模拟具有一定的适用性,对壁面附近流速模拟精度的提高使得本文修正模型更适用于弯道横向演变的模拟研究。     

进水流道对立式混流泵装置能量特性的影响

采用计算流体力学方法,对三个不同的进水流道设计方案所组成的立式混流泵装置进行了内流数值模拟．在分析进水流道基本流态的基础上,对进水流道出口水流条件以及水泵装置能量特性进行了定量计算．数值计算结果表明,水泵的设计进水条件与水泵装置中的水泵进水条件存在明显差异,进水流道水力设计对立式混流泵装置的能量特性有显著的影响,工程设计中应重视进水流道的选型以及进水流道与水泵性能最佳匹配的研究．进水流道水力设计优化可有效地改善进水流道出口流态,确保水泵有良好的进水条件,大幅度提高水泵装置效率。     

应用Visual MODFLOW墙体边界模拟断层及工程实践

地下水流数值模拟计算软件Visual MODFLOW的墙体边界(wall)又被称为水平流障碍边界(Horizontal-Flow Barrier,HFB),可用于模拟地下含水层系统中薄层、垂向和低透水性、对地下水水平流具有阻碍作用的物体.在分布有众多压扭性隔水断层的淮北地区,应用墙体边界模拟断层,用Winston提出的方法对与网格线呈夹角关系的断层水力参数进行修正,选取23条对研究区地下水流具有控制作用的断层,对研究区进行地下水流数值模拟.计算结果表明,研究区地下水流受断层的影响显著,应用墙体边界对断层进行模拟的方法能够较好地反映出断层的这种影响作用.图7,表3,参11.     

定向穿越工程对堤防安全影响评价

利用导向钻进铺管技术进行穿河管道工程建设,对堤防安全的主要影响是管道施工对河流与堤基下地层产生扰动,该扰动带可能诱发渗透破坏。文章结合工程实例,利用地下水流数值模拟模型,模拟不利的水文、气象条件下地下水流场,计算流场中的最大水力坡度;根据穿越地层的允许水力坡度,依据临界水力坡度法,定量评价工程诱发渗透破坏的可能性。     

岩体单一裂隙动水注浆数值模拟研究

针对当前深部高应力地区裂隙面变形过程中咬合作用强烈,常导致局部凸起闭合形成“岛状”低水力开度区的现象,运用有限元软件建立单裂隙中部分填充固体表征非均匀水力开度模型模拟动水环境下浆液扩散过程,得出裂隙面的水力性质具有显著控制作用;计算结果表明：浆液横向最大扩散半径与低水力开度区域等效半径成负相关关系,而逆水流方向扩散半径与低水力开度区域等效半径成正相关关系。注浆是深埋碎裂岩体加固与防渗的重要技术手段,注浆变量因素对浆液最大横向扩散半径的影响程度为物理力学开度>水流速度>注浆速率>低水力开度区域有效半径;注浆变量因素对浆液逆水扩散半径的影响程度为注浆速率>物理力学开度>水流流速>低水力开度区域有效半径。相较于平行板注浆,非均匀水力开度裂隙模型更加符合实际工程状况,可为实际裂隙注浆提供参考价值。     

虹吸式出水流道内流数值计算与水力设计优化

采用有限容积法、非结构化网格和SIMPERC算法,数值模拟了虹吸式出水流道内部三维流动,数值计算的有效性和可靠性得到了物理模型试验结果的验证.通过计算流道关键断面的速度分布均匀度和流道的水力损失,定量评价虹吸式出水流道水力设计的优劣,实现了虹吸式出水流道水力性能预测,依此开展水力设计优化,可节省大量的试验经费和时间.     

出口宽度b2与离心泵流量关系的数值模拟

离心泵叶轮的液体受叶轮旋转及表面曲率的影响,常出现脱流、回流及二次流等现象,一般来说是比较复杂的三维湍流流动。目前的离心泵叶轮的水力设计主要以一元理论及试验经验数据为主,一旦试验泵与设计工况有偏差,将很难定量给出修正值。该文结合叶轮机械内部流动的数值计算,通过保证扬程不变并同时改变叶轮出口宽度b2,揭示叶轮出口宽度与离心泵的定量关系,对后续离心泵出口宽度的修正提供一定的指导意义。     

溢流曲面紊流边界层计算

本文给出了溢流曲面边界层动量积分方程和计算曲面边界层表达式,所提出的方法被试验成果印证;同时给出了壁面压强分布的规律和探讨了壁面曲率和压强梯度对溢流水力特性的影响。     

某泵站全流道CFD仿真及流道改造研究

为了使进出水流态稳定,减少出水流道水力损失,使用三维模拟软件Fluent,采用RNG k-ε模型对某城市排涝泵站全流道进行数值模拟仿真;针对泵站前池水流流态不稳,影响进水流道水流状态,出水流道流态不稳且水力损失较大等问题,对前池尺寸以及出水流道形式进行优化,并对优化方案进行仿真。优化前、后方案的仿真结果表明,前池的水流流态得到改善,出水流道水流流态得到改善,水力损失减小。     

虹吸式出水流道水力特性分析与试验验证

为了研究虹吸式出水流道水力特性,基于某立式轴流泵装置,采用数值模拟与模型试验相结合的方法,首先根据泵装置布置形式和初步设计尺寸,开发了虹吸式出水流道参数化设计软件,极大地缩短了设计周期.然后对4种虹吸式出水流道方案进行了全流道数值计算,并根据计算结果对虹吸式出水流道进行定量分析.最后将数值模拟结果与模型试验结果进行了对比.数值模拟结果表明,受叶轮旋转影响,虹吸出水流道上升段存在偏流现象;改变驼峰段断面尺寸对上、下游流态影响显著;下降段极易产生脱流和漩涡,改善下降段的不良流态可以显著降低出水流道的水力损失.对3种虹吸出水流道评价指标进行比较,指出了用轴向流速分布均匀度来评判虹吸出水流道的不足.模型试验结果表明,数值模拟与模型试验的外特性结果吻合较好,验证了数值模拟的可靠性;设计的带有虹吸式出水流道的立式泵装置最高效率为78.85%.研究结果可以为同类泵装置设计提供参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with