可捕获HBV的preS1单克隆抗体的制备及性质初探

用天然乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)颗粒(Dane颗粒和管状颗粒)和HBV前S1(preS1)区基因工程重组蛋白GST-preS1联合免疫Balb/c小鼠,经杂交瘤技术制备了7株单克隆抗体(mAb),采用ELISA、免疫捕获PCR等方式鉴定其有关特性.各株mAb分别为IgG1和IgG2a,轻链均为k型.腹水mAb的滴度为1×107～1×109.用间接法ELISA显示,所有7株preS1 mAb均可以识别HBV天然抗原,其中mAb 4Dll与HBV天然抗原的结合能力最强.通过竞争抑制法ELISA检测推断preS1(21-47)上至少含有两个B细胞表位,mAb 4D11、IG5、786和7H11具有共同的B细胞抗原识别位点;mAb 3H5、6F1和2A6识别另外一个位点.本研究获得的可与HBV天然抗原结合的preS1单抗为HBV preS1检测试剂的研制提供了重要工具.对HBV preS1具有中和免疫活性抗原的设计及相关研究有重要帮助.     

PEP-3与HBc融合原核表达载体的构建与表达

以可诱导较强免疫反应及呈现高拷贝抗原小肽的乙肝病毒核心蛋白(Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein,HBc)类病毒颗粒(Virus-like Particles,VLPs)作为免疫载体蛋白,通过分子生物学手段,将蓝白班筛选元件Lac Zα插入HBc的主要免疫显性区域,构建获得外源小肽与HBc融合的通用原核表达载体。在此通用载体的基础上,通过PEP-3小肽替换Lac Zα片段,构建了PEP-3与HBc融合原核表达载体,并成功进行了HBc/PEP-3融合蛋白的表达及纯化。该新型通用载体的成功构建,将为小肽疫苗的研究及应用提供有效工具。     

毕赤酵母分泌表达嵌合HEV表位的HBcAg颗粒

在毕赤酵母分泌表达嵌合有HEV受体相关表位12A10的HBcAg蛋白,经甲醇诱导后的培养液上清通过切向流浓缩、更换缓冲液后,进行疏水层析纯化.CsCl等密度梯度离心测得分泌的重组颗粒的密度为1.32 g/mL.透射电镜观察显示,纯化的重组颗粒为均一的直径30 nm左右的空心颗粒.小鼠免疫实验表明,纯化颗粒免疫8周后鼠血清中的特异性12A10抗体滴度可达到1.6×105,并且重组颗粒较好地呈递了HEV受体相关的非免疫优势表位.本文的结果为毕赤酵母胞外分泌表达其它大尺度的重组蛋白颗粒提供了参考,为研究携带表位多肽的疫苗载体提供了范例.     

含FMDV中和表位的重组病毒颗粒的构建及鉴定

针对FMDV的疫苗研究一直是防控口蹄疫的重点,而病毒样颗粒(VLPs)形式的疫苗因其安全性和近似传统灭活疫苗的良好免疫效果,近年来逐渐成为疫苗研究的一个新方向.本实验利用猪圆环病毒PCV2的衣壳蛋白(CAP)作为载体,分别插入FMDV MYA98毒株的抗原表位组合——VP1蛋白上B细胞表位141~160aa(B)与串联的B细胞和T细胞表位141~160aa-21~40aa-141~160aa(BTB),构建对应重组杆状病毒,分别命名为reBAC-CAP-B,reBAC-CAP-BTB.将上述病毒颗粒转入Sf9细胞表达,收获重组杆状病毒并再次感染Sf9细胞扩大病毒滴度,获得目的蛋白CAP-B,CAP-BTB,经过SDS-PAGE,Western blot鉴定正确,透射电镜观察到20~30nm大小的目的颗粒.     

构建重组人CatSperl特异抗原原核表达载体

目的:构建重组人Catsper1特异抗原(含胞外区、钙选择孔区和破伤风类毒素通用T细胞表位TT580-590)原核表达载体并表达重组抗原.方法:设计引物,以RT-PCR法扩增人CatSper1的整个跨膜区DNA片段,利用重叠PCR方法合成重组人CatSper1特异抗原DNA片段,并插入到pET-21b和pET-21b-Trx(硫氧还蛋白)的原核表达载体.测序鉴定后转化工程菌株E. coli BL21(DE3)进行诱导表达,并纯化表达的重组蛋白.用TricineSDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析重组蛋白的表达情况.结果:成功构建pET-21b-Catsper1特异抗原和pET-21b-Trx-Catsper1特异抗原原核表达载体,并在BL21(DE3)中诱导表达重组蛋白.Tricine-SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定表明,已获得重组人CatSper1特异抗原包涵体和纯化的可溶重组Trx-Catsper1特异抗原.结论:成功在原核表达系统表达重组人Catsperl特异抗原.     

构建重组人CatSper1特异抗原原核表达载体

目的:构建重组人Catsper1特异抗原(含胞外区、钙选择孔区和破伤风类毒素通用T细胞表位TT580-599)原核表达载体并表达重组抗原。方法:设计引物,以RT-PCR法扩增人CatSper1的整个跨膜区DNA片段,利用重叠PCR方法合成重组人CatSper1特异抗原DNA片段,并插入到pET-21b和pET-21b-Trx(硫氧还蛋白)的原核表达载体。测序鉴定后转化工程菌株E.coliBL21(DE3)进行诱导表达,并纯化表达的重组蛋白。用Tricine-SDS-PAGE和Western blotting分析重组蛋白的表达情况。结果:成功构建pET-21b-Catsper1特异抗原和pET-21b-Trx-Catsper1特异抗原原核表达载体,并在BL21(DE3)中诱导表达重组蛋白。Tricine-SDS-PAGE和Western blotting鉴定表明,已获得重组人CatSper1特异抗原包涵体和纯化的可溶重组Trx-Catsper1特异抗原。结论:成功在原核表达系统表达重组人Catsper1特异抗原。     

重组酿酒酵母表达乙肝表面抗原过程的限制性步骤

考察了重组酿酒酵母表达乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）的限制性步骤，发现在对数生长期的中后期，与发酵初期相比，外源质粒的拷贝数下降了40%，此后质粒烤贝数在低水平保持稳定。在发酵过程中添加乙醇胺，抗原基因启动子的转发效率下降了24%，但抗原效价上升了31%，说明HBsAg表达的主要限制步骤在抗原多肽的翻译和颗粒形成的后加工过程。     

绿色木霉EG Ⅲ基因的克隆及其在工业酿酒酵母中的整合表达

通过RT-PCR从绿色木霉AS3.3711中克隆得到EG Ⅲ基因,序列分析显示该基因编码序列全长为1 257 bp,编码418个aa,且自身带有21个aa的信号肽序列,与里氏木霉eg3的同源性为99.6%.将该基因连入酿酒酵母多拷贝整合型表达载体pScIKP中获得重组质粒,线性化后电转化酿酒酵母工业菌株AS2.489,通过SDS-PAGE蛋白电泳、刚果红染色和酶活测定对转化子进行了分析.结果表明:转化子有明显的重组EG Ⅲ表达带,能够产生CMC水解圈,说明eg3基因已在酿酒酵母中获得了正确的分泌表达,表达EG Ⅲ的重组菌产酶高峰出现时间为60 h,最高酶活接近120 U/mL,重组酶EG Ⅲ的最适温度为60 ℃,最适pH为6.0,转化子的遗传稳定性达到99.17%,实现了绿色木霉eg3基因在工业酿酒酵母中的稳定高效表达.     

风疹病毒E1抗原基因片段的拼接及原核表达

应用基因克隆技术,对风疹病毒E1抗原基因片段进行拼接及克隆表达．根据软件GOLDKEY预测E1抗原的主要抗原决定簇位点E1(243～286aa),再设计4条近60个碱基长引物,利用PCR仪延伸合成目的基因,酶切并构建重组表达载体,酶切与测序鉴定,再转化表达菌株BL21(pLYS),IPTG诱导表达,行SDS-PAGE检测到目的基因表达成功．结果实现了用基因克隆技术将含E1(243～286)片段的pETKDO载体向大肠杆菌的转化,IPTG诱导2h,获得的表达量高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.