国内外对虾病毒病研究概况与分析

对国内外对虾病毒病研究了进行了综述分析，概括了九种对虾病毒病的诊断方法，九体症候，侵染靶器官，分布与形态等特征。初步报道了ＭＤＶ幼虫和中草药ＤＳ防治对虾病毒病的野外实验。     

白斑综合症杆状病毒对对虾和罗氏沼虾致病性的研究

对比研究白斑综合症杆状病毒对斑节对虾、日本对虾、南美白对虾和罗氏沼虾的致病性，其生产养殖结果表明：第一次在廉江龙营围虾场养殖的南美白对虾，在养殖了27天以后开始爆发白斑综合症病毒病，患病的南美白对虾、斑节对虾、日本对虾病症相同，其甲壳特别是头胸壳具有白色斑点。养殖的罗氏沼虾没有出现病症。人工感染实验结果表明：白斑综合症杆状病毒能引起南美白对虾90％左右的死亡率，引起罗氏沼虾大约50％的死亡率。电镜观察结果表明：这三种对虾感染的病毒都是白斑综合症杆状病毒。     

浙江地区凡纳滨对虾苗3种对虾病毒携带情况研究

对虾养殖过程中病毒病的频发是导致对虾养殖失败的最重要原因之一,其中对虾的白斑综合症病毒病(White spot syndrome virus,WSSV)、对虾传染性皮下及造血组织坏死病病毒(Infectious hypodermal&haematopoietic necrosis virus,IHHNV)和对虾桃拉病毒(Taura syndrome virus,TSV)每年给海水养殖造成的经济损失巨大.对2009-2010年间浙江地区近22家对虾苗种生产场的对虾苗种携带WSSV、IHHNV和TSV病毒情况进行调查,并对采用携带病毒的苗种进行养殖的3个对虾养殖场进行后期跟踪调查.调查共采集凡纳滨对虾苗种样品118份,其中80％样本来自福建,10％来自海南,10％来自广东.检测方法采用世界动物卫生组织(OIE)推荐的PCR方法,检测结果显示:被检样品中32份呈现WSSV阳性结果,占27.1％;46份呈现IHHNV阳性,占38.98％; WSSV和IHHNV同时呈现阳性的有20份,占16.95％,而TSV均未分离到.后续跟踪调查发现采用携带WSSV病毒苗种进行养殖的对虾养殖塘均在8月上中旬陆续爆发对虾白斑病,造成极大经济损失.     

对虾中肠腺脂肪酸组分的检测

目的：探讨对虾中肠腺脂肪酸与病毒病之间的关系。方法：应用气相色谱法分别检测了人工养殖的健康斑节对虾,健康日本对虾、斑节对虾杆状病毒（ＭＢＶ）轻度感染斑节对虾、ＭＢＶ重度感染斑节对虾及患中肠腺坏死杆状病毒（ＢＭＮＶ）病日本对虾中肠腺脂肪酸的组成及含量。结果：养殖健康斑节对虾中肠腺中的饱和脂肪酸以棕榈酸为主（２０．６４％）,一烯酸为油酸含量最高（２３．０７％）,多烯酸则以亚油酸所占的比重量大（２１．７     

养殖中国对虾肝胰脏细小病毒病的免疫金银染色法诊断研究

８０年代以来，肝胰脏细小病毒病在养殖中国对虾中广泛流行并造成了一定的损失。作者采用免疫金银染色（ｉｎｍｍｕｎｏｇｏｌｄ ｓｉｌｖｅｆｒ ｓｔａｉｎｉｎｇ，ＩＧＳＳ）技术，对患病对虾肝胰脏中的细小病毒（Ｈｅｐａｔｏｐａｎｃｒｅａｔｉｃ ｐａｒｖｏｖｉｕｓ，ＨＰＶ）进行了免疫组织化学的研究。结果表明，经ＩＧＳＳ染色的病虾 胰脏上皮细胞核内出现了黑色、圆形或椭圆形、大小为３～１５μｍ的结构。由于该结构与     

养成期对虾HHNBV的初步研究

ThePreliminaryStudyonHHNBVinGrow－outPhaseWangJianping;ShenTuJikang(NingboFisheriesResearchInstitute,Ningbo315012）自1993年出现全国流行病对虾暴发性病毒病以来,我国的养虾业始终处于低谷。目前终于发现其病原是一种囊状无包涵体的DNA病毒,称之为对虾“皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒”（HNBV）。该病毒的治疗仍无法解决。但我们可以用核酸探针点杂交法来检测对虾HHNBv的发展程度,摸索对虾暴发性病毒病的暴发时间,减少其所带来的经济损失。本文也是我们今后对虾在分子生物学上开展研究的第一步。1材料与方法1．1样…     

生物安全性的不换水对虾养殖系统

１９８５年以来,在美国的一个研究所协会已经研究出一套与美国的商业机会与约束相一致的新的对虾养殖技术。在美国,土地和劳动力是很贵的,环境保护规则是很严格并且是强制执行的,因此,市场要求商质量产品的稳定供就大已经建立海捕健康亲虾及遗传改良的健康亲虾培育系统。并建立起先进的对虾病害诊断技术同害防治技术,例如新的对虾饲料及对虾养殖技术。但是近年来对虾丰在世界范围控制不住的传播,要求人们把病害排除在对虾养殖     

对我国当前对虾养殖的一点看法

近年我国对虾养殖已出现逐步复苏的态势,产量自1996年以来逐年上升,至1998年对虾养殖产量已超过12万t,其中以广东、海南和广西三省的发展势头最好,在对虾养殖技术和单位产量方面甚至要优于1993年虾病暴发前的养殖形势.     

广西岸段斑节对虾西移养殖试验报告

介绍了广西沿岸斑节对虾养殖西移试验过程，总结了斑节对虾西移养殖经验。证明斑节对虾可在广西西部沿海大面积推广养殖，其成活率、经济效益均高于养殖其它品种的对虾。     

高效对虾生物饵料的加工工艺

近些年来，随着人们生活水平的提高和出口创汇的需要，对虾养殖规模逐年扩大,对虾的养殖除了利用天然资源海水外，最重要的是饵料。养殖对虾的饵料主要有天然饵料和合成饵料两类．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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