成型工艺条件对MCMB/石墨复合材料性能的影响

为确定MCMB/石墨复合材料双极板模压成型工艺参数,采用w(MCMB):w(石墨)=9:1组成的复合材料制备一组试件并测试其性能.详细分析了不同模压成型压力和烧结温度等工艺参数对MCMB/石墨复合材料的电阻率、抗弯强度和抗压强度的影响,并简要分析了其形成的机理.结果表明:MCMB/石墨复合材料的电阻率和力学性能存在互斥性;MCMB/石墨复合材料双极板模压成型工艺的模压成型压力为3～4 MPa,烧结温度为900℃.     

TiC掺杂对MCMB烧结体组织和性能的影响

以Tween 80为分散剂,分别以丙烯酰胺和N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为单体和交联剂,采用凝胶注模工艺制备中间相碳微球(mesocarbon microbead,MCMB)片状素坯,再经过1 600 ℃的烧结,制备MCMB素坯烧结体试样.试验研究了粒度大小对粉体分散性、MCMB碳材料催化石墨化效果、烧结后MCMB碳材料层板物理性能的影响,并分析了产生这些影响的原因.研究结果表明:50 nm的TiC在MCMB烧结体中的分散效果好于15 μm的TiC;随着Ti质量分数的增加,掺杂50 nm 的TiC层板性能优于掺杂15 μm的层板;50 nm的TiC比15 μm的TiC更适合做MCMB的掺杂物.     

以石油焦和高温煤沥青制备各向同性石墨材料的研究

以煅后石油焦为骨科,高温煤沥青为黏结剂,采用冷混捏球磨,经过冷等静压工艺在不同压力下制得各向同性石墨材料,并对不同成型压力下制备所得材料的微观结构和物理性能进行分析.结果表明,当骨料颗粒平均尺寸d50约为21 μm,黏结剂含量为33％时,其适宜的成型压力为80～100 MPa;在不同的成型压力下制备各向同性石墨材料,应采用不同的焙烧和石墨化升温曲线;提高成型压力、减少骨料石油焦中大尺寸片状结构颗粒的数量及增强骨料和黏结剂混捏的均匀性,均有利于提高所制备各向同性石墨材料的物理性能;采用高温煤沥青作为黏结剂,有利于提高各向同性石墨材料的导热率和电学性能.     

煤沥青原料性质和反应条件对中间相炭微球粒度分布和形貌的影响

工业应用需要粒度均匀、球形度良好的中间相炭微球(MCMB)。反应条件、原料性质对MCMB性能有很大影响。以煤软沥青为原料,采用热缩聚法制备MCMB,分别考察了反应过程温度、时间、压力等反应条件,以及原料软化点、原生喹啉不溶物(QI)等性质对MCMB粒度分布、形貌的影响情况。结果表明:在一定范围内,热聚温度的升高,或聚合时间的延长,都会使炭微球粒径逐渐增大,粒度分布变窄,粒度变得均匀;过低的反应压力使轻组分逸出,体系粘度升高,得不到规则的小球;原料软化点低、体系粘度小,有利于小球的自由运动、融并、生长成粒度均匀的MCMB;原料中QI是MCMB形成和发展的核心,原生QI粒度差别太大,会导致MCMB大小不均匀,甚至两极分化;除去原料中粒径过大的QI,有利于得到粒度均匀的MCMB。     

3种煤沥青炭微观结构及其性能的对比研究

将高温煤沥青、中温煤沥青、浸渍剂沥青在常压下炭化,经2 300 ℃石墨化处理,制备3种煤沥青炭.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察煤沥青炭的显微结构;采用X射线衍射法(XRD)检测煤沥青炭的石墨化度;通过氮吸附法测定煤沥青炭的比表面积(SBET);采用热重(TG/DTG)分析手段测试并分析煤沥青炭的氧化性能.研究结果表明:煤沥青的族组分影响煤沥青炭的形貌,喹啉不溶物含量低有利于流线型结构的形成;高温煤沥青炭微观结构主要以流线型和镶嵌型为主,中温煤沥青炭和浸渍剂沥青炭以流线型为主,但浸渍剂沥青炭流线型结构取向性好;煤沥青炭中含有流线型结构越多,则其石墨化度越高,比表面积越低;煤沥青炭的氧化失重主要发生在700～900 ℃,浸渍剂沥青炭的抗氧化性能最好.     

中间相碳微球的制备与性能

以高温煤沥青为原材料,研究了用热缩聚法和硅油一煤沥青悬浮液法制备中间相碳微球．采用扫描电镜、偏光显微镜和粒度分析仪等表征手段对其进行表征分析．控制反应条件在380℃,5h,660r／min,1．0MPa,选用甲苯作为分离溶剂．研究结果表明,采用硅油作为热分散介质可使煤沥青的聚合反应在乳液中进行;所制备的MCMB的形貌更好,粒度分布更加均匀．     

细粒石墨材料的热压制备

以细粒石墨粉为原料、改质和高温煤沥青为黏结剂,采用热压成型工艺制备炭块,并对其进行炭化和石墨化处理后得到石墨块体.结果表明,随着热处理温度的上升,热压制备炭块的体积密度和电阻率发生了明显的变化,与改质沥青相比,以高残炭率沥青为黏结剂所制细粒石墨材料具有较高的体积密度和较低的电阻率;X射线衍射XRD和扫描电镜SEM分析表明,细粒石墨在块体材料中具有明显的取向性.     

细粒石墨材料的热压制备

以细粒石墨粉为原料、改质和高温煤沥青为黏结剂,采用热压成型工艺制备炭块,并对其进行炭化和石墨化处理后得到石墨块体。结果表明,随着热处理温度的上升,热压制备炭块的体积密度和电阻率发生了明显的变化,与改质沥青相比,以高残炭率沥青为黏结剂所制细粒石墨材料具有较高的体积密度和较低的电阻率;X射线衍射XRD和扫描电镜SEM分析表明,细粒石墨在块体材料中具有明显的取向性。     

对苯二甲醛对煤沥青流变性能的影响研究

为了探讨对苯二甲醛(TPA)对煤沥青流变性能的影响,采用旋转黏度计测定了煤沥青及TPA改性的煤沥青的表观黏度,研究了表观黏度与温度的关系;采用示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了煤沥青和TPA改性的煤沥青的热行为.结果表明,TPA改性的煤沥青的黏度与温度的关系曲线呈现W型,在200～225℃之间处于低黏流区,表观黏度值约200～400 MPa.s,可以作为浸渍剂煤沥青使用;TPA改性的煤沥青在高于225℃时表观黏度值迅速上升;TPA改性的煤沥青在低黏度区域具有较低的活化能,这对煤沥青的浸渍工艺有益.图6,表2,参11.     

中间相沥青基高导热碳板的制备

本文以中间相沥青为原料,采用氮压式单孔纺丝机进行熔融纺丝,对所获得的中间相沥青纤维进行适度的预氧化处理后通过热压成型工艺进行自烧结成型,并对其分别研究了硼(B),钛(Ti),钛-硼(Ti-B)三种体系的催化石墨化,借助红外分析,扫描电镜,能谱分析,导热率测量等手段研究了催化石墨化效果.研究结果表明,260℃预氧化处理的中间相沥青纤维经热压成型可制备出高导热率的碳板,使用Ti-B催化体系催化效果明显,在此体系下制备的材料导热率高达996.45 W/M·K.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with