基于变化区域检测的运动对象分割方法研究

随着MPEG 4和MPEG 7的研究发展 ,如何从视频序列中分割出在语义上有意义单独运动对象显得极其重要 .最近几年形成的相应分割方法很多 .文章详细讨论了基于变化区域检测的运动对象分割方法如基于参数和非参数等 ,对其算法和性能进行了比较和评述 ,并分析了当前视频对象分割技术尚存在的问题和研究前景 .     

基于视差和变化检测的立体视频对象分割

立体视频对象分割是新一代视频编码、视频检索、互联网多媒体交互等新兴领域的关键技术.该文提出了一种融合多种信息的立体视频对象分割算法,首先采用基于边缘特征约束的视差估计方法,获得了可靠的视差场,再利用视差信息对视频对象进行了初始分割,在此基础上结合帧间变化检测的信息对视差分割结果进行修正.实验结果表明,本算法对有重叠的多对象具有良好的分割效果,得到了较精确的视频对象.     

一种基于对象跟踪的视频分割算法

在新一代MPEG-4视频编码标准中,为了支持面向对象编码和实现基于内容的应用,视频分割成为关键技术之一,而半自动的视频分割是常用而且比较精确的一种分割方法.本文提出一种基于对象跟踪的半自动视频分割算法.该算法在用户的参与下,基于图像的时空信息,进行视频对象(VOP)的分割.实验结果表明,该算法能够较精确地连续分割出视频对象.     

一种基于运动背景的视频对象分割算法

随着MPEG-4和MPEG-7的研究发展,基于内容编码和面向对象的存取和交互技术日益得到人们的重视,视频分割技术正在成为当前视频研究领域的热点之一,但是,目前的分割研究大部分是在没有全局运动的情况下进行的,对于运动背景下视频对象的分割研究还不多.为此,提出了一种新的基于改进分水岭和光流的视频分割算法,即先将原始图像使用改进的分水岭算法标记成不同的灰度区域,然后以光流法得到的对象运动信息作为评判准则,将这些区域分别归类于前景对象和背景,达到从运动背景中分割出前景对象的目的.仿真实验表明,此算法能够较精确地分割出视频对象.     

一种基于背景重建和视差图的立体视频对象分割算法

提出了一种基于背景重建和视差图的立体视频分割算法,利用背景、视差和边缘等信息进行运动对象分割。该算法首先采用基于块的背景重建方法获取视频序列的背景信息,再利用背景相减法获得运动对象的初步分割结果,然后利用立体匹配获得的视差图对初步分割结果进行修正,最后利用边缘信息和后处理操作获得最终的立体视频运动对象。实验表明,该算法能够有效地从运动背景中将视频运动对象完整地提取出来。     

基于动静背景下的视频对象自适应提取算法

在MPEG-4标准中提出了VOP(Video Object Planes)的概念,可以通过VOP实现基于内容的操作。这样,从场景中自动地分割出视频对象就成为基于对象视频编码的先决条件。为此,提出一种基于动静背景下的视频对象自适应提取算法。该算法可以自动提取动态背景、静态背景,也可以在视频序列中出现背景和对象都停止变化时实现视频对象的提取。同时,该算法引入了视频前景和背景预处理,克服了由于视频图像对比度低造成的提取出的部分视频对象轮廓不完整的问题。     

基于小波域分水岭变换的视频对象提取算法

提出了一种基于时、空分割融合的视频对象分割算法．时间分割采用变化检测,其关键的阈值选取通过直方图分析得到．空间分割采用小渡域的分水岭变换算法．时、空分割融合采用基于区域的双向投影策略．实验结果表明,本算法可比COST211AM参考分割取得更好的分割结果．     

基于高斯混合模型的视频对象分割算法

针对应用高斯混合模型（GMM）进行视频建模与分割时的模型选择及参数估计初值选择的难点，提出了一种基于GMM的视频对象分割算法．首先进行特征提取，在特征矢量中引入加权运动信息，可根据不同需要选择合理的加权系数，然后通过分割投影进行模型选择及期望最大化（EM）算法的参数初始化并估计参数，这种初值选择方案使得EM算法的初值和真实值较接近，加快了迭代运算的收敛速度，从而提高了视频对象的分割速度，最后对特征矢量进行聚类分割．仿真实验表明，在保持良好分割效果的同时，所提算法的运算速度约为常规方案的76％，并且具有良好的稳定性．     

一种固定背景下运动视频对象的自动分割方法

提出了一种固定背景运动视频对象的自动分割方法．该方法通过互帧差四次矩检测运动对象，利用背景减除对点分类，最后用彩色分水线算法得到运动对象实验证明该方法能够对固定背景下运动视频对象进行实时自动分割．     

一种视频对象提取与跟踪的新方法

针对视频对象的分割问题，提出了一种新的视频对象提取与跟踪方法．首先采用分水岭分割和区域合并的方法进行初始分割，再通过光流场估计和全局运动估计计算全局运动的残余误差，在分割的每个区域上利用残余误差数据进行假设检验以确定运动区域，组合所有的运动区域即可提取完整的视频对象．然后使用双向投影的方法在后续帧中快速准确地跟踪视频对象，前向投影用来定位视频对象和简化分割计算，后向投影则用来确定每个分割的区域是否属于跟踪的视频对象．对MPEG-4测试序列的实验结果表明，本方法具有良好的分割性能．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that