不完全信息群体多属性决策的综合评价均值法

对于属性权重信息和属性效用信息都不完全的群体多属性决策问题,通过构造属性值区间和规范化决策矩阵,将问题归结为求解相应的线性规划问题,从而求出方案在比较理想和比较恶劣的条件下对应的相对优值和相对劣值.兼顾乐观主义和悲观主义的决策原则,利用综合评价均值建立了方案集上的全序关系,从而给出对所有方案进行群体排序的方法.最后给出一个算例.     

构建区间数排序准则下的多属性群决策理论与实践

针对多属性群决策问题,构造区间数表达属性值并用区间数熵值法确定属性权重;建立区间数排序模型,利用各方案中加权的属性优劣个数进行比对决策.基于此,提出一种区间数排序准则下的多属性群决策方法.最后通过实例对决策过程做了详细说明,结果表明该决策理论指导实践科学有效.     

群体多属性决策的属性权重不完全信息的集结

对于不完全信息的群体多属性决策问题，研究在各决策者给出属性权重信息有冲突的情况下个体属性权重信息的集结问题．通过对决策个体提供的属性权重信息进行一致性检验，确定群体属性权重区间，使属性权重信息的集结过程充分体现群体的意志和意愿，最后给出案例分析．     

确定分级的区间直觉模糊多属性群决策方法

提出一种解决具有确定分级信息的、区间直觉模糊表达多属性群决策的粒计算优化模型,该模型以优势粒结构度量分析专家评价数据的一致度,从而确定专家权重,建立一致最优模型确定属性权重,从而很好地将决策评价数据与专家确定分级信息结合起来,实现了基于"数据驱动"的客观权重计算与专家主观偏好的有机统一.最后运用一个人才选拔实例说明了模型的有效性与合理性.     

一种基于投影的区间直觉模糊信息多属性决策方法

文章针对区间直觉模糊信息的多属性决策问题,提出了一种新的基于投影思想的决策方法。该方法首先定义了区间直觉模糊正、负理想方案以及决策方案在区间直觉模糊正、负理想方案上的投影等概念;然后对于属性权重信息不完全的情形,建立了一种基于投影的多目标规划模型以获得相应的权重,并利用区间直觉模糊数的加权算术平均(IIFWA)算子对评价信息进行集结,从而获得各个决策方案的排序和择优结果。文中给出一个实例分析,说明了该方法的有效性和可行性。     

属性权重未知情形下的区间直觉模糊多属性决策方法

针对区间直觉模糊信息环境下属性权重未知的多属性决策问题,提出了一种新的决策方法.在回顾相关基础理论知识基础上,定义了区间直觉模糊数的得分函数与精确度函数,提出了基于离差最大化的属性权重确定方法,然后基于区间直觉模糊加权平均算子给出了属性权重未知情形下属性信息为区间直觉模糊数的多属性决策方法.最后将该方法运用到突发事件应急预案有效性评价问题,通过实例分析验证了该方法的有效性.     

一种基于区间数概率优势关系的多准则决策方法

针对特征属性为区间数、属性权重完全未知的多准则决策问题,基于概率优势关系理论,提出一种新的决策方法.给出了区间数与优势关系的基本原理,定义了相对优势度,采用概率优势关系表征区间数属性,通过构建评价矩阵,将决策方案排序问题转换为矩阵运算过程,实现了不同候选方案的优劣排序.实例分析表明,该方法能够充分利用区间数信息,有效克服传统决策方法的局限,具有排序客观合理,决策精度高等优点.     

基于区间二型犹豫熵与风险偏好的多属性决策方法

针对以区间二型模糊集(IT2FSs)为信息环境的多属性决策问题,构建了考虑决策者风险偏好的决策模型,解决了区间二型模糊集内在犹豫性难以量化的问题.首先介绍了区间二型模糊集的相关知识,综合考虑两种期望平均提出了区间二型模糊集排序值公式以比较模糊数的优势关系,同时提出使用几何度量刻画模糊性与犹豫性的区间二型犹豫熵来度量区间二型模糊集的不确定性.考虑到决策者的风险态度对决策结果可能的影响,引入决策者风险偏好因子,构造了风险偏好因子与传统的熵权法相结合的新的权重求解模型并给出了决策算法.最后用一个风险投资的实例验证决策者的风险偏好对属性权重以及决策方案的排序所产生的影响.     

基于知识测度的区间直觉模糊多属性群决策方法

针对现有的区间直觉模糊熵未能全面体现区间直觉模糊集所包含的信息,从而会导致相关熵应用的多属性群决策出现偏差这一问题,提出了一种基于知识测度的区间直觉模糊多属性群决策方法.首先,利用扩展的区间直觉模糊知识测度确定属性权重;然后,利用区间直觉模糊加权算术平均算子集成信息,得到各备选方案的综合属性值,进而用得分函数对方案进行排序.最后通过一个实例表明了提出方法的合理性和有效性.     

一种基于区间灰色梯形模糊数的多属性群决策方法

针对属性权重未知,属性值为区间灰色梯形模糊数的多属性群决策问题,提出了一种改进的灰色关联决策方法.首先,定义了区间灰色梯形模糊数的概念并建立了区间灰色梯形模糊数的相关运算规则以及区间灰色梯形模糊数之间的距离;然后,采用算术加权平均算法将个体信息集结群信息,基于信息熵建立了指标权重的求解模型,并采用灰色关联方法对方案进行排序;最后,通过实例说明了本方法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that