HDDR钕铁硼材料各向异性产生的机制

研究了NdFeB铸态粉末及HDDR工艺处理过程中不同阶段材料的显微结构、磁性能和各向异性产生的机理. 发现NdFeB铸态粉末的各向异性均大于HDDR NdFeB材料的各向异性. 随歧化时间延长HDDR NdFeB材料的各向异性单调下降,最终消失,说明HDDR NdFeB材料的各向异性来源于对铸态粉末各向异性的继承;短时间的歧化处理有助于材料获得各向异性;柱状歧化组织作为各向异性的传递介质,以位向关系的方式,将各向异性由铸态粉末传递到了经HDDR处理后的NdFeB粉末.     

HDDR NdFeB磁粉两步法伴温磁场取向制备高性能柔性各向异性NdFeB黏结磁体

利用高性能吸氢-歧化-脱氢-再复合(HDDR)NdFeB各向异性磁粉,通过两步法伴温磁场取向工艺制备高性能柔性各向异性NdFeB黏结磁体,重点研究了两步法伴温磁场取向工艺制备出不同成分配比磁体的磁性能和力学性能.结果发现:制备出磁体的取向度有大幅度提高,当成分配比(质量分数)为96.5%磁粉+1%偶联剂+2.5%黏结体系的磁体在120℃加热保温30 min磁场取向后,磁能积达到97 kJ.m-3,而磁体的矫顽力最大降幅只有1.3%,论证了两步法伴温磁场取向工艺制备柔性各向异性NdFeB黏结磁体在实际生产的可行性.环氧树脂润滑剂的加入使得制备出磁体的延伸率和柔性均大幅度下降,并且加入量越多,下降幅度越大,因此环氧树脂润滑剂最大加入量不应超过1%(质量分数).     

NdFeCoBZrGa合金各向异性磁粉的制备

HDDR(氢化-歧化-脱氢-再结合)工艺是一种用于生产各向异性Nd2Fe14B基磁粉的有效方法.主要研究了真空HDDR工艺(即合金在真空中以较快速率加热到820℃左右,然后在一定的氢气压力下吸氢歧化)及添加合金元素Ga对Nd13Fe64.4-yCo16B6.5Zr0.1Gay(y=0.1,0.3,0.5,1.0)合金磁性能的影响规律.结果表明,真空HDDR工艺的吸氢歧化阶段是促使材料产生磁各向异性的关键,脱氢阶段采用低真空高温制度是材料获得高各向异性的保证;合金元素Ga有助于细化主相晶粒,提高材料的综合磁性能,其最佳原子分数添加量为0.5%;成分为Nd13Fe63.9Co16B6.5Zr0.1...     

低熔点元素及合金改性HDDR钕铁硼磁粉的研究进展

氢化-歧化-脱氢-再复合(HDDR)工艺是制备各向异性钕铁硼(NdFeB)磁粉的主要方法.但HDDR磁粉实际矫顽力(H_C)较低,重稀土元素Dy的引入可以显著提高其H_C,经研究发现引入的Dy主要分布于磁体晶界,起调控晶界相的作用:增加晶界厚度,提高磁粉的各向异性场(H_A).但重稀土元素Dy自然资源匮乏且价格昂贵,限制了HDDR磁粉的发展.为减少磁粉中重稀土元素用量、降低成本,研究人员通过晶界扩散低熔点元素及合金来替代重稀土元素Dy,因低熔点物质在扩散过程中呈液相,提高了扩散介质与晶界相的接触面积及扩散系数,有利于其沿晶界扩散并调控晶界相,使磁粉H_C提高.对近些年晶界扩散低熔点元素及合金提高HDDR-NdFeB磁粉H_C的部分研究成果进行了归纳.     

HDDR法制备高矫顽力NdFeB粘结磁体途径

通过HDDR法制备出内禀矫顽力达到15KOe的NdFeB各向同性粘结磁体，探讨了温度、时间、抽速等工艺参数时获取高矫顽力的作用，并对原始晶粒尺寸的影响作了初步研究。     

新型永磁材料的研究

本文综述了我们对强各向异性永磁材料的研究结果．通过对各向异性稀土．铁氮永磁材料的结构和磁性的关系研究,利用速凝等技术实现对反磁化形核场的控制,获得了单晶颗粒型稀土铁氮化物,进而实现了高矫顽力和高磁能积．开发的稀土铁氮磁粉最大磁能积达到40MGOe以上．发现了HDDRNd2Fel4B各向异性形成的关键机制在于歧化阶段形成的具有“耗散结构特征”的柱状歧化微结构,据此提出了可以稳定生产高性能各向异性Nd—Fe．B的HDDR工艺,成功制备了磁能积为27MGOe的三元Nd—Fe—B磁粉和41MGOe多元Nd—Fe．B磁粉．同时还发现可以通过调控其微观结构来实现提高HDDR磁粉的矫顽力．另外利用铁磁Mn基材料强磁各向异性的特点,在无稀土永磁材料方面开发了纳米结构且具有反常矫顽力温度系数的MnBi磁体．上述成果的取得为高性能各向异性稀土粘结磁体的产业化提供了可能．     

氢化处理制备纳米镁合金粉末

为了细化AZ91镁合金晶粒,采用氢化-歧化-脱氢-重组(HDDR)处理了镁合金粉末。研究了不同氢化温度、氢压和氢化时间对AZ91镁合金粉末HDDR过程的影响,探讨了AZ91镁合金HDDR过程的晶粒细化机制。分别用粉末X射线衍射、光镜、扫描电镜和透射电子显微镜来表征粉末的微观结构转变。结果表明,AZ91镁合金粉末最低的氢化温度是350℃,随着温度的增加、氢压的提高和氢化时间的延长,氢化反应的程度不断增加,直到粉末完全氢化,粉末最佳的HDDR过程参数是在450℃、4MPa氢压下氢化12h后,在350℃真空中脱氢4h;氢化脱氢后的粉末形貌为薄片状,大小与原始粉末相当;在最佳HDDR参数下,AZ91镁合金粉末的晶粒大小从100μm细化到了20nm。晶粒细化的过程表明,在HDDR的全过程中都有晶粒细化发生,其中较大程度的细化发生在脱氢重组过程中。     

HD处理烧结磁体制备各向异性NdFeB磁粉

研究了通过吸氢破碎(HD)处理由烧结NdFeB磁体制取各向异性磁粉的方法.实验结果表明:HD处理温度是该处理过程中的关键参数,对于最终获得的各向异性磁粉的矫顽力具有显著的影响,同时HD处理温度的变化决定了烧结磁体破碎过程中的断裂方式.当HD处理温度为220℃时,磁体主要以沿晶断裂方式破碎,再经过950℃温度下的热处理,获得的各向异性磁粉的矫顽力达到490kA/m.     

HDD法粘结NdFeB磁体的磁性能

研究了NdFeB合金成分，均匀化处理和HDD处理脱氢过程对磁末及粘结磁体磁性能的影响，实验表明，HDD法制备的NdFeB粉末具有较好的温度稳定性和时间稳定性。     

微结构对HDDR Nd-Fe-B永磁合金矫顽力的影响

研究了HDDR工艺制备的Nd-Fe-B永磁合金的晶粒界面微结构对各向异性和矫顽力的影响．考虑到其磁粉晶粒界面的特殊微结构,提出了同时受界面结构缺陷和交换耦合相互作用影响的各向异性理论模型．计算了成核和钉扎机制的结构缺陷因子随2r0llex（r0和lex分别为晶粒表面缺陷厚度和交换耦合长度）的变化．结果表明,HDDR Nd-Fe-B永磁合金的矫顽力机制与晶粒界面微结构的缺陷有关：在lex确定的条件下,当2r0llex〈1．67时,决定矫顽力的主要机制是畴壁钉扎;当2r0llex〉1．67时,决定矫顽力的主要机制是反磁化成核．当2r0llex=1．67时,矫顽力出现最大值,并与Morimoto等人的实验结果符合很好．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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