路径积分理论对量子干涉态的分析

以单电子的双缝干涉为例,用费曼的路径积分理论对电子的干涉态及磁矢势引起的电子概率波相移进行了定量分析,该方法简单,明了。文中还分析了量子干涉效应用于控制化学反应动力学过程的基本原理。     

量子力学中电磁场矢势(-A)的再认识

通过引用英国钱伯斯(Chambers R.G.)所做的实验探讨了电磁AB效应,并根据量子论的基本概念,计算两种情况的干涉条纹的移动值,其计算结果与实验数据完全一致,从而论证了矢势A在量子理论中具有基本的物理意义和确定的物理效应.由此,带电粒子在外磁场中的动力学行为会受到矢势A的直接影响.为了更好地认识矢势A是一个基本的物理实体,类比于电场强度E、磁感应强度B的定义,在此定义了一个新的物理量磁场矢势A.     

量子理论中电磁场矢势的物理图象

计算出电磁场矢势Ａ对电子在外磁场中干涉图样位置移动的影响；分析了ＡＢ效应的物理实质，求解承外磁场中的散射问题，给出了散射出现极大和极小值的条件；在量子理论的范围内讨论了矢势Ａ的物理意义。     

量子理论中电磁场矢势的物理图象

计算出电磁场矢势Ａ对电子在外磁场中干涉图样位置移动的影响；分析了ＡＢ效应的物理实质；求解了电子在外磁场中的散射问题，给出了散射出现极大和极小值的条件；在量子理论的范围内讨论了关势Ａ的物理意义．     

基于几率波探测下的量子雷达系统原理

从技术体制上划分,量子雷达分为有源量子雷达和无源量子雷达.根据探测波是实波还是几率波,有源量子雷达可分为实波量子雷达和几率波量子雷达.量子雷达还可分为线性量子雷达和非线性量子雷达.非线性量子雷达根据探测波采用纠缠光子和干涉几率波的不同而分为两种;还可进一步分为测回波和不测回波两种.利用几率波在空间的几率关联特性,通过对本地几率波的测量而获得空间的目标信息.为此我们将量子光栅与超导单光子探测器相结合,提出一种新型的、更高效的单光子检测器件,用于实现这种新型、不测回波信号的有源量子雷达.这一技术使量子雷达性能产生了巨大提升.     

He-HCl体系散射截面随能量变化规律的研究

作者首先以拟合在CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVQZ理论水平下计算的He-HCl相互作用能数据,获得了He-HCl体系相互作用的各向异性势,并与其它势模型进行了比较,验证了拟合势的可靠性;然后采用密耦近似方法,计算了He-HCl碰撞体系在不同碰撞能量下的微分散射截面、分波散射截面和总截面,得到了散射截面随能量变化的规律.研究表明:小角散射几率大于大角散射几率;碰撞能量越高,体系的散射几率越小,量子效应越不显著,尾部效应越弱,得到收敛的分波截面所需的分波数也越多.     

物质波多缝干涉的定量分析

用费曼的路径积分理论对物质波通过多缝（N≥2）所产生的干涉效应进行定量分析，为使繁难的数学计算过程简单化，并获得比较简洁的结果，假设入射波为单色平面电子概率波，所得到的电子波强度空间分布函数和光波的多缝干涉强度分布函数具有完全相同的表达形式，方法简便，直观。     

半导体T-stub波导中电子的磁输运

用格点格林函数理论研究与两个引线连接的T-stub量子波导中电子输运性质。通过调节施加在波导一端上的栅压,可以在其上面定义一个侧臂。侧臂的存在使得电子在运动过程中发生量子干涉效应,从而对透射概率或电流、电导有明显的作用。外加垂直磁场能够改变不同自旋方向电子的能量和干涉效应,能够进一步调控上述物理量。本文研究的系统可以用作量子调制三极管,在半导体器件设计中有实际的应用价值。     

几率波与量子效应的扭率问题

按曲率空间的扭率，对含有三阶非线性变量导数的Schrodinger变形等价程进行了数值分析，发现几率波的几率性原来是扭率的疏密流在特定条件下的准规则流，并为势场强度和粒子体元密度的相互作用与量子扭率效应项综合作用的结果；纯量子效应作用为非规则流。     

矢势A的客观性和可测性

本文首先介绍在磁场B=O区域内带电粒子的运动受到粒子未到达区域中的磁场的影响的微观实验和宏观实验(简称为微观A-B效应实验和宏观A-B效应实验)。在此基础上说明不引用矢势A的经典电动力学是不能对其进行解释的,而量子力学的薛定楞方程中本质地含有矢势A,因而A-B效应的本质的揭示首先来源于量子力学理论和微观领域的实验是很自然的。从而说明矢势A在经典电动力学和量子力学中都是不可缺少的客观存在的物理量,而且用宏观实验和微观实验都是可以对其进行测量的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-