Detachment within subducted continental crust and multi-slice successive exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphic rocks: Evidence from the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt

Although tectonic models were presented for exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure （UHP） metamorphic rocks during the continental collision, there is increasing evidence for the decoupling between crustal slices at various depths within deeply subducted continental crust. This lends support to the multi-slice successive exhumation model of the UHP metamorphic rocks in the Dabie-Sulu orogen. The available evidence is summarized as follows： （1） the low-grade metamorphic slices, which have geotectonic affinity to the South China Block and part of them records the Triassic metamorphism, occur in the northern margin of the Dabie-Sulu UHP metamorphic zone, suggesting decoupling of the upper crust from the underlying basement during the initial stages of continental subduction; （2） the Dabie and Sulu HP to UHP metamorphic zones comprise several HP to UHP slices, which have an increased trend of metamorphic grade from south to north but a decreased trend of peak metamorphic ages correspondingly; and （3） the Chinese Continental Science Drilling （CCSD） project at Donghai in the Sulu orogen reveals that the UHP metamorphic zone is composed of several stacked slices, which display distinctive high and low radiogenic Pb from upper to lower parts in the profile, suggesting that these UHP crustal slices were derived from the subducted upper and middle crusts, respectively. Detachment surfaces within the deeply subducted crust may occur either along an ancient fault as a channel of fluid flow, which resulted in weakening of mechanic strength of the rocks adjacent to the fault due to fluid-rock interaction, or along the low-viscosity zones which resulted from variations of geotherms and lithospheric compositions at different depths. The multi-slice successive exhumation model is different from the traditional exhumation model of the UHP metamorphic rocks in that the latter assumes the detachment of the entire subducted continental crust from the underlying mantle lithosphere and its subsequent exhumation as a whol     

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系烃源岩评价

鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系地层烃源岩厚度大,类型多种多样,成熟度高,为了客观认识鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系地层烃源岩有机质丰度和生烃潜力,通过有机岩石学和有机地球化学相互结合综合分析的方法开展对鄂尔多斯盆地东南部地区奥陶系烃源岩评价研究。结果表明:鄂尔多斯盆地东南部奥陶系发育泥质烃源岩和碳酸盐岩烃源岩,其主要分布在南缘古坳陷和陕北古坳陷;烃源岩残余有机碳平均值0.30%~3.12%;有机质类型主要为Ⅰ-Ⅱ_1型;烃源岩热演化程度达到高成熟-过成熟阶段;奥陶系烃源岩在三叠系朱(T_3y末)进入生气高峰,至侏罗系末(J末)属持续埋藏生气阶段,从晚白垩世开始抬升隆起,生气强度逐渐降低。综合区域地质分析认为,渭北隆起北部与伊陕斜坡南部过渡带在晚古生代沉积后,奥陶系烃源岩埋深一般大于2500 m,生气时间长,有利于天然气形成,是有利的勘探目标区。     

柴达木盆地德令哈拗陷中侏罗统烃源岩有机地球化学特征

柴达木盆地德令哈拗陷中侏罗统广泛发育,是该区主要的烃源岩层系.野外地质调查及有机地球化学分析表明,中侏罗统烃源岩主要以油页岩、泥岩、碳质泥岩和煤为主.油页岩有机碳的质量分数平均为7.95%,有机质类型属Ⅰ-Ⅱ型,为好生油岩;泥岩的有机质丰度交化大,但80%以上的样品有机碳的质量分数大于1%,65%样品的有机碳的质量分数...     

准噶尔盆地石炭系烃源岩地球化学特征研究

系统分析了准噶尔盆地石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度、有机质类型及成熟度等特征,应用综合地球化学指标对有机质类型进行判定.石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度高,上统好于下统.其有机质类型表现为下统好于上统,下统以混合偏腐泥型为主,上统以混合型偏腐殖型为主,煤系以腐殖型为主.下统烃源岩几乎都在成熟—过成熟范围内,利于生成成熟油气和凝析油,上统利于生气.并通过纵向上各主要烃源岩层对比,总结出重碳同位素、饱和烃色谱不含β胡萝卜烷、规则甾烷以C27呈显著优势的"V"型分布是石炭系烃源岩的几个标志性地球化学特征.     

胶莱盆地东北部白垩系烃源岩有机地球化学特征

胶莱盆地东北部白垩系莱阳组下部的逍仙庄段和中部的水南段发育有两套暗色泥岩和碳酸盐岩沉积。其有机地球化学环境参数分析表明 ,这两套沉积其形成于缺氧还原的微咸水咸水的半深湖深湖环境 ,是盆地主要的烃源岩系。烃源岩有机碳含量较高 ,尤其是水南段可以达到中等—好烃源岩的标准。但烃源岩中可溶有机质含量变化较大 ,并以低值为主。生烃潜力变化较大 ,可溶有机质转化率和烃转化率都比较低。干酪根显微组分以腐泥组分含量高为特征 ,烃源岩有机质的输入以低等水生生物和原生生物为主 ,混有陆源高等植物。逍仙庄段干酪根以Ⅱ2 —Ⅲ型为主 ,水南段以Ⅰ—Ⅱ1型为主。综合Tmax,Ro,OEP ,CPI和甾萜烷成熟度参数可以看出 ,烃源岩的成熟度已明显进入生油窗 ,逍仙庄段以成熟晚期和高成熟为特征 ,水南段正处于最佳生油期。     

Identification of the Kukersite-type source rocks in the Ordovician Stratigraphy from the Tarim Basin, NW China

Due to the importance of the Gloeocapsomorpha Prisca （G. prisca）-enriched source rocks, which belong to Kukersite-type source rocks in the Lower Paleozoic Ordovician strata, it has received great attentions during the petroleum exploration as to whether there are the Kukersite-type source rocks developed in the major hydrocarbon source strata of the Upper and Middle Ordovician in the Tarim Basin. Using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrography to analyse kerogens from source rocks in the lime- mud mound with moderate maturity, study reveals that there are the Kukersite-type source rocks in the Ordovician strata of the Tarim Basin. The pyrolysis products showed a low content of 〉n-C19 normal alkanes with a significant odd-even predominance between n-C13 and n-Cl7, long-chain alky substituted alkylbenzene and alkylthiophene isomers and distinctive distribution of 5-N- alkyl-1, 3-Benzenediol and its homologous. Based on the geographic environment characteristics of G. Prisca, the molecular dis- tributions of crude oil from the Lower Paleozoic petroleum systems in the Tarim Basin and characteristics of kerogen pyrolysis products from the Middle and Upper Ordovician source rocks, the results suggested that it is less possible to develop the G. Pris- ca-enriched Kukersite-type source rocks in the major hydrocarbon source rocks in the Middle and Upper Ordovician strata in the Tarim Basin. However, the benthic macroalga and planktonic algae-enriched source rocks are the main contributors.     

准噶尔盆地滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩生烃能力分析

利用钻井岩心和露头样品化验资料,对石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度、类型及演化程度进行研究,结合凹陷周缘构造油气来源特征,分析滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩生烃能力。研究表明,滴水泉凹陷石炭系烃源岩有机质丰度高,沉积厚度大,目前已到高-过成熟阶段,具有较强生烃能力;滴南凸起存在"凹槽",东道海子北凹陷来源油气不能运移到克拉美丽气田石炭系储层聚集成藏,克拉美丽气田亿吨级油气应来自滴水泉凹陷;石东油气田深浅层油气特征基本一致,与石西油田不同,与克拉美丽石炭系油气相似,都属于滴水泉凹陷石炭系来源产物;滴水泉凹陷、三南凹陷及东道海子北凹陷石炭纪沉积期水体连通,石炭系烃源岩都应具有较强的生烃能力,勘探潜力巨大。     

西藏羌塘盆地土门地区上三叠统烃源岩特征*

以羌塘盆地土门地区上三叠统波里拉组为研究对象,对烃源岩有机地球化学测试数据进行了统计分析。烃源岩有机质总体上处于高成熟阶段,有机碳含量值随成熟度增高而减小,测试获得的TOC值为残余TOC,TOC与氯仿沥青"A"和生烃潜力所指示的有机质丰度明显不同。有机质类型是以腐泥组为主的Ⅱ1-Ⅱ2型,源自海相环境还原条件下原地生产的有机质。     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组有效烃源岩

在烃源岩和原油生物标志物特征精细剖析、类型划分与对比的基础上,确定鄂尔多斯盆地南部地区延长组有效烃源岩主要为长7油页岩和长7暗色泥岩,结合烃源岩的生烃潜力和测井响应特征,建立有效烃源岩的生物标志物参数、常规地球化学评价参数、测井电性参数三级识别标志,即8β(H)-升补身烷/8β(H)-补身烷<2,w(TOC)>1.6%,S1+S2>4 mg/g,IH>170 mg/g,GR>120 API,Δt>260μs/m,RT>15Ω.m,CNL>25%,并根据地化参数与电性参数之间的相关性,采用多元回归的方法建立w(TOC)及IH的测井计算公式,从而实现从有限岩心的地球化学信息到全区全井段测井信息的衔接。     

Kinetic study of the hydrocarbon generation from marine carbonate source rocks characterization of products of gas and liquid hydrocarbon

The kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon generation from the marine carbonate source rocks were determined and calibrated through kinetic simulating experiment. The kinetic parameters of hydrocarbon generation then were extrapolated to geological condition by using the relative software. The result shows that gaseous hydrocarbons (C_1, C_2, C_3, C_(4-5)) were generated in condition of 150℃相似文献   

准噶尔盆地南缘烃源岩生源特征及原油分类

以稳定碳同位素、饱和烃色谱、饱和烃色谱-质谱和热模拟生烃实验为主要手段,详细剖析了准噶尔盆地南缘地区侏罗系八道湾组、三工河组、西山窑组及古近系安集海河组烃源岩的生源特征,指出中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩生源以高等植物为主,沉积于偏氧化的淡水环境;古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩生源以低等水生生物为主,沉积于较咸化的还原环境;侏罗系八道湾组湖相烃源岩热模拟产物的生物标志物特征说明其与煤系烃源岩存在很大差别,但真实特征尚难以确定.通过原油饱和烃的规则甾烷C29/C27以及伽马蜡烷/C30藿烷两相指标将盆地南缘20个原油或油苗分为三类;结合其生源和沉积环境特征,基本确定这三类原油分别来自中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古近系安集海河组湖相烃源岩以及二者的混源.     

川中—川西南地区雷三段碳酸盐烃源岩生烃评价

评价川中—川西南地区中三叠统雷口坡组第三段暗色碳酸盐烃源岩的生烃能力,预测雷口坡组天然气新的勘探领域.在典型钻井岩心和岩屑样品的有机地球化学特征分析基础上,结合测井解释TOC技术,刻画出27口井的有效烃源岩厚度,并且应用有机质热模拟参数法对各井烃源岩的生气强度进行定量计算.研究表明:暗色碳酸盐烃源岩的残余有机碳质量分数...     

Stable carbon isotope compositions of isoprenoid chromans in Cenozoic saline lacustrine source rocks from the Western Qaidam Basin,NW China: Source implications

Although the distribution of mono-,di-and trimethylated 2-methyl-2-(4,8,12-Trimethyltrideeyl) chromans(MTTCs) is well understood as an indicator of water salinity,their origin and formation mechanism are still ambiguous and under debate.In this paper,abnormally high levels of MTTCs were detected in Cenozoic saline lacustrine source rocks from the Western Qaidam Basin.Using a two-step column chromatography method,the MTTCs and naphthalenes were separated from other aromatic compounds and concentrated in one fraction,so that the stable carbon isotope compositions of these compounds could be accurately measured.Similar carbon isotope ratios for the mono-,di-and trimethylated 2-methyl-2-(4,8,12-Trimethyltrideeyl) chromans in a given sample suggest the MTTCs may share the same biological source(s).The MTTCs from the Western Qaidam Basin have similar carbon isotope compositions to primary producer-derived pristane and phytane.However,the ? 13C values for the MTTCs showed significant differences with other primary producers-derived biomarkers(e.g.C27 and C29 steranes),probably indicating a distinct microalgae source from specific niches for the MTTC compounds.We speculate that the MTTCs distribution patterns may be controlled by the water chemistry dynamics in niches,which,in turn,is affected by hypersaline bottom water.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组烃源岩分布及其地球化学特征

为了研究鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组烃源岩尤其是主力烃源岩的分布及其地球化学特征,系统采集了研究区具有代表性的样品,对其开展各项地球化学实验,并结合相关测井资料进行综合分析.结果表明:烃源岩厚度及有机质丰度分布受沉积环境的影响较大,靠近盆地中央的深湖—半深湖相的泥页岩发育、有机质丰度较高,盆地的边缘相带泥页岩发育程度低、有机质丰度低.长7烃源岩有机质类型以I-Ⅱ_1型为主,生油潜力大,为研究区主力烃源岩;长8,长9烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅱ_1型为了主,生油潜力中等,为次要烃源岩;长4+5和长6烃源岩有机质类型以Ⅱ_2-Ⅲ型为主,生油潜力相对较小,为较差的烃源岩.     

川中地区侏罗系天然气成因类型及气源

针对川中地区侏罗系天然气成因类型及气源的认识存在不同的观点,作者综合天然气组分特征、碳同位素特征、轻烃特征对该问题进行了探讨。组分分析结果表明,侏罗系天然气主要为干酪根裂解气;碳同位素分析结果表明,侏罗系天然气主要为油型气,部分为煤型气;轻烃分析结果表明,侏罗系天然气以油型气为主。综合上述成因类型分析结果认为:川中地区侏罗系天然气以干酪根裂解成因油型气为主,同时存在少量的煤型气。川中地区侏罗系油型气来自侏罗系烃源岩,煤型气来自上三叠统烃源岩。     

Decoupling of surface and subsurface sutures in the Dabie orogen and a continent-collisional lithospheric-wedging model：Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic evidences of Mesozoic igneous rocks in eastern China

Based on the distribution of UHPM rocks on the surface in Sulu terrane, the surface suture between the NCB and SCB should be located along the Wulian fault (see Fig. 1, S1). However, based on the aeromagnetic data of eastern China, Li[1] first indicated that the subsurface suture between the NCB and SCB in the region east of the Tan-Lu fault should be located to the east of Nanjing City (see Fig. 1, S2), which south displaced about 400 km from the surface suture. This is contradicto…