共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
国家自然科学基金委员会 《中国基础科学》2001,(9):23-29
一、孕育和激励科技创新的源头--国家自然科学基金资助项目成果
国家自然科学基金委员会成立15年以来,运用国家财政投入的66亿元资金,累计资助各类项目52 000余个,受科学基金资助的科学家在国内外学术刊物上发表论文约22万篇,撰写学术专著约7 400种,获得专利1 700余项,研究成果获国家级奖609项,省部级奖5 302项.科学基金为推动我国基础研究整体水平的提高发挥了重要作用,成为孕育我国科技创新的源头,解决了许多社会经济发展中的重大科学问题.具体表现为: 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
Ekkehard Finkeissen 《Foundations of Science》2008,13(2):143-148
Currently, research is mostly organized in research projects intended to provide results within a limited period of time.
Here, small teams of scientists erratically define single scientific studies, write a proposal, and send it to the refereeing
board. In case of a funding, the study is carried out and the results are published. To optimize the research and reduce the
respective costs and/or raise the outcome, multiple research projects should be organized within a comprehensive research
program. A meta-model (paradigm) can help comprise (a) the representation of the state-of-the-art decision knowledge, (b)
the adding of new research questions, (c) the performing of trials to answer these questions, and (d) the revision of the
current model. It will be discussed how to structure studies within research programs and these within one super-program.
相似文献
Ekkehard FinkeissenEmail: |
14.
In this study, we consider the type of interval data summarizing the original samples (individuals) with classical point data. This type of interval data are termed interval symbolic data in a new research domain called, symbolic data analysis. Most of the existing research, such as the (centre, radius) and [lower boundary, upper boundary] representations, represent an interval using only the boundaries of the interval. However, these representations hold true only under the assumption that the individuals contained in the interval follow a uniform distribution. In practice, such representations may result in not only inconsistency with the facts, since the individuals are usually not uniformly distributed in many application aspects, but also information loss for not considering the point data within the intervals during the calculation. In this study, we propose a new representation of the interval symbolic data considering the point data contained in the intervals. Then we apply the city-block distance metric to the new representation and propose a dynamic clustering approach for interval symbolic data. A simulation experiment is conducted to evaluate the performance of our method. The results show that, when the individuals contained in the interval do not follow a uniform distribution, the proposed method significantly outperforms the Hausdorff and city-block distance based on traditional representation in the context of dynamic clustering. Finally, we give an application example on the automobile data set. 相似文献
15.
近些年来,中国术语事业取得了一定的发展,在相关成果公布出版、术语工作开展、科研立项、人才培养等方面都取得了一定的成绩。同时还存在国内外术语信息沟通不够,对于中外术语事业发展缺乏系统全面的研究,研究队伍没有形成较大影响力的合力,术语事业推进国家经济、社会发展的能力有待提高,术语学没有独立的学科地位,术语产业还处于起步阶段等问题。中国术语事业发展可考虑与国家政策、国际发展相结合,与科学研究、市场需求相结合。 相似文献
16.
17.
论可持续发展科技支撑 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
可持续发展意味着人与自然要实现动态协调,对此,现代科学和市场经济都在某种程度上形成了障碍,存在着必须要克服的局限.可持续发展科技支撑对新的激励机制和新的科学提出了本质性的要求,必须建立新的信仰体系,塑造绿色经济体,完整把握能够动态适应环境变化的新文明. 相似文献
18.
19.
近年来,高校承担科技项目不断增多,科技管理工作日益繁重。科技项目的信息化管理有助于推动高校科技项目管理模式的创新,实现科技资源的高度互利共享。目前各高校的科技项目管理系统,多数仍存在资源分散、功能单一、信息利用率低等问题。高校需要通过统一的规划部署、规范管理制度等方式来完善科技项目的信息化管理。 相似文献
20.
Mario Bunge 《Foundations of Science》2017,22(3):455-469
Original research is of course what scientists are expected to do. Therefore the research project is in many ways the unit of science in the making: it is the center of the professional life of the individual scientist and his coworkers. It is also the means towards the culmination of their specific activities: the original publication they hope to contribute to the scientific literature. The scientific project should therefore be of central interest to all the students of science, particularly the philosophers and sociologists of science. We shall focus on the preliminary evaluation of research projects—the specific task of referees—and will emphasize the problem of their scientificity—the chief concern of scientific gatekeepers. In the past such an examination aimed only at protecting the taxpayer from swindlers and incompetent amateurs, such as the inventors of continuous motion artifacts. In recent times a similar issue has resurfaced with regard to some of the most prestigious and most handsomely funded projects, namely work on string theory and many-worlds cosmology. Indeed, some of their faithful have claimed that these theories are so elegant, and so full of high-grade mathematics, that they should be exempted from empirical tests. This claim provoked the spirited rebuttal of the well-known cosmologists Ellis and Silk (Nature 516:321–323, 2014), which the present paper is intended to reinforce. Indeed, we shall try to show why empirical testability is necessary though insufficient for a piece of work to qualify as scientific. Finally, the present paper may also be regarded as an indirect contribution to the current debate over the reliability of quantitative indicators of scientific worth, such as the h-index of scientific productivity (e.g., Wilsdon in Nature 523:129, 2015). But we shall touch only tangentially on the sociological, political, and economics of research teams: our focus will be the acquisition of new scientific knowledge. 相似文献