基于增广拉格朗日的全变分正则化CT迭代重建算法

采用一种基于增广拉格朗日方法(augmented Lagrangian method)求解全变分正则化(total variation regularization)算法(ALMTVR)来进行CT图像重建.将ALMTVR算法与经典的代数重建算法(algebraic reconstruction technique,ART)进行比较,并采用仿真数据与实际数据进行实验.在实验中,使用ALMTVR算法与ART算法分别进行图像重建,并对重建图像进行对比分析.实验结果表明:所提算法与ART算法相比,显著提高了图像重建的质量与速度,显示了其对图像重建的有效性及在CT成像系统中潜在的应用价值.     

电容成像图像重建算法原理及评价

对现有的电容成像图像重建算法进行了综述并介绍了其原理,其中包括线性反投影法(LBP)、基于奇异值分解(SVD)的直接算法、Tikhonov正则化方法、Newton-Raphson算法、最速下降法、Landweber迭代算法、代数重建技术(ART)、同步迭代重建技术(SIRT)和基于模型的重建算法。在此基础上使用仿真和实验数据对目前主要使用的线性反投影法、基于奇异值分解的直接方法、Tikhonov正则化方法、Tikhonov迭代、投影Landweber迭代等进行了评价。对它们从电容值误差、图像误差、相关系数和耗用时间几个角度进行了比较,并对今后电容成像图像重建算法的发展方向提出了一些看法。     

卷积神经网络在ECT图像重建上的应用

针对电容层析成像的图像重建精度较低的问题,提出一种基于卷积神经网络的ECT图像重建方法.首先阐述了ECT图像重建的基本原理,并利用COMSOL软件提取了大量的学习样本.然后以Landweber算法的图像重建结果作为初始状态,建立了卷积神经网络模型,并进行网络训练,保存训练完成的网络模型.最后选取样本以外的五种不同流型进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,利用此算法所获取的重建图像相应指标要比LBP以及Landweber要好很多.所以该图像重建算法是一种有效且精度较高的图像重建算法.     

基于IBP的天气雷达超分辨率重建算法

雷达基数据分辨率不够会导致灾害性天气系统预报、跟踪的准确率低.为了提高基数据的分辨率,将迭代反投影算法应用于雷达回波超分辨率重建中,并对算法进行了改进.该方法基于对天气雷达回波使用滑动窗的重建模型,并引入时间相关性约束,由低分辨率回波重建出高分辨率回波.基于天气雷达提供的实例反射率回波,给出其超分辨率重建后的结果,并对其重建效果进行估计和比较.实验表明该方法在定量估计和视觉评价上都具有良好的高分辨率重建效果.     

基于e~0范数优化算法的图像重建

为了解决稀疏信号的重建问题提出了光滑e0范数优化算法,它与最小1范数优化算法等图像重建的方法相比有很大的不同,着重实验了这种信号重建算法中重要参数的选择,并利用手写体数字图像库为试验样本做了一维信号重建和二维图像重建实验.实验结果证明了基于e0范数优化算法在图像重建时间和重建精度上的优越性,此为后续的图像工程研究奠定了基础.     

一种MRF-MAP框架下的图像超分辨率重建方法

基于多帧观察样本的超分辨率图像重建是超分辨率图像重建研究中的重要方向.在马尔科夫随机场最大后验概率(MRF-MAP)框架下研究了多帧图像的超分辨率重建问题.根据给定的空间图像退化模型建立了超分辨率重建的二阶能量函数,并利用α-expansion图切算法对能量函数进行求解.考虑到α-expansion算法的规范性要求,将能量函数进行近似.针对二阶能量函数的图切算法,讨论了s-t图的构造,给出一种节点的分配方法以及t-link和n-link的赋值方式,以提高图切算法的计算效果.通过对两种类型的图像进行超分辨率重建的对比实验,表明该方法具有较好的去噪及重建效果.     

基于维纳估计的彩色图像光谱重建算法

目的研究彩色图像光谱重建算法,解决彩色图像的RGB等色度参数在表征图像颜色信息时的局限性.方法采用维纳估计算法并结合多项式模型,对1 269个Munsell实验数据进行测试.结果光谱重建仿真实验中,对Munsell实验数据按照不同训练和检验样本来选取,当数码相机RGB信号扩展项数为10时,均方根误差为0.024 4,优于扩展项为3和7时的精度,可见扩展项数对光谱重建精度有直接影响.结论结合多项式模型的维纳估计算法在进行彩色图像光谱反射比重建的研究中,扩展项的增加可以有效地改善光谱重建效果.     

基于灵敏度场非线性的ECT图像重建改进算法

为了克服ECT系统重建图像精度低的问题,提出一种基于灵敏度场非线性的图像重建改进算法.首先论述了灵敏度场的原理及计算方法,然后给出了利用有限元仿真软件comsol求解灵敏度场的方法;在此基础上,在灵敏度场中提取相邻极板间的灵敏度向量,利用此向量求解图像变换系数,并将其运用到图像重建算法中;最后通过仿真实验对所提方法的有效性进行了验证.实验结果表明利用本文方法重建的图像精度更高,这也为ECT图像重建技术提供了新的途径和手段.     

ART算法的改进及在Shepp Logan头模型的应用

松弛因子作为ART算法中重要的参数,一度成为研究的热点。针对松弛因子的优化问题,提出了利用模拟退火原理实现变松弛因子重建算法(CRRT)的方案。利用模拟退火算法来优化代数重建算法的松弛因子,然后通过CRRT算法对Shepp Logan头模型进行仿真实验。对相关实验结果进行分析处理后,通过对比未改进的ART算法实验结果表明改进后的重建算法的效果比传统的ART算法效果更佳。     

一种混合变差肺部电阻抗成像算法研究

采用混合变差算法进行图像重建既能保持重构结果的连续性又可保持图像重建过程中的非连续性.建立基于有限元方法的二维EIT肺部模型,对模型进行离散,定义模型和各离散对象的物理特性,施加边界条件,计算边界电压,进行正问题仿真,确定算法的目标函数,进行图像重建并对混合变差算法的性能进行评估.在合适的权重值条件下采用混合变差算法重建的图像的结构相似度比采用吉洪诺夫算法和总变差算法重建的图像的结构相似度在无噪声时分别提高了约5.1%和9%,在含噪声时分别提高了约2.7%和6.3%.既可用于仿真研究与实验中,也可用于临床实测数据的图像重建.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the