基于开放图形库的储层剖面图的绘制

基于开放图形库(OpenGL)技术,实现了垂直于地层走向沿x或y方向以及任意方向的储层剖面图的绘制.首先确定剖切面及被剖切体,并由鼠标确定视图工区中的某一点,再通过该点确定二维平面上的直线方程,有了直线方程就可以确定与地层走向垂直的储层剖面.这样就把削切面和储层体求交面的复杂问题转换成剖切面和多个储层层面求交线的简单问题,计算出所有层面的所有网格线与剖切面的交点集就构成了要求的剖切面.以某油田106井区S1和S2小层间沉积相的剖面图为例,验证了储层剖面图绘制的正确性与直观性.     

BIM云平台中三维模型的任意剖切

针对BIM云平台中三维模型的剖切通过移动竖向或横向的剖切面来实现,剖切方式不灵活,仅是选择性渲染的效果且无法自动获得剖切面的信息的问题。基于Unity3D提出了一种对复杂BIM模型进行任意角度剖分并缝合原模型及剖面的分割算法。运用该分割算法可以从任意角度对BIM云平台中三维模型进行剖切并得到所有剖切点,根据分组排序的剖切点自动计算出每个被剖切构件剖切面的面积、圆形管件的直径以及管件之间的距离。该剖切方法在实现任意剖切的基础上获取到剖切面的关键信息,能够更好的指导现场施工作业。     

面向体元结构的三维地质模型剖切算法研究

文章针对三维地质建模和地质数据可视化中重要的体元模型,通过对三维剖切面的隐函数刻画,研究了基于可视化工具包(Visualization Toolkit,VTK)的三维地质模型剖切算法。重点对四面体数据结构模型和六面体数据结构模型分别进行剖切算法设计和功能实现。在三维地质模型中应用该剖切算法,结果表明该算法能够较好地对矿区各种形态地质体进行任意剖切,可有效提高三维地质模型的剖切效率。     

地层模型三维可视化建模及应用

根据地下水数值模拟的实际需要，建立一种基于三棱柱体体元的数字地层模型，给出相关的剖切算法和与之对应的数据结构，实现了复杂地质体三维任意剖切和显示等各项功能。实践证明。它能够满足水文学应用的要求。     

剖面法编联地质界线在地质填图中的应用

目的丰富野外地质填图方法和技术,提高地质填图的水平和图件质量。方法在遥感图像解译与地质填图实践的基础上,利用地质产状与地形变化的关系,在需要内插地质界线点的地段,垂直岩层走向切地形剖面,将剖面旁侧已知界线点的产状沿走向移至剖面中的相应高程处,再过此点延伸倾向线至地形剖面线,交点即为内插地质分界点,最后结合"V"字形法则,过同一地质界线的不同交点,求联地质界线。结果得出了地层产状稳定、走向不变而倾角变化、倾角不变而走向变化及倾角、走向均有变化4种不同的内插地质界线点编联地质界线具体作图方法与步骤,大大丰富和方便了野外填图工作。结论该方法既准确快速又方便可行,保证了地质界线勾绘的质量。     

基于露天矿综合平面图自动绘制剖面图方法

为了解决露天矿生产和设计中手工绘制剖面图非常繁杂的工作，基于露天矿综合平面图的特点，提出一种自动绘制剖面图的方法，该方法为露天矿综合平面图上的各类图元设计了相应的数据结构。通过求剖面线与各类图元的交点集并对交点集进行组合，用经过组合的交点集绘制剖面图。这一方法用VC＋＋6．0编程得以实现，并在实践中得到了很好的应用，大大提高了绘图的效率和精度。     

基于方向组的方向关系定量与定性描述模型

论述了空间方向关系的一个定量与定性描述模型.人们描述两目标之间的方向关系往往需要多个方向而不是单一的方向,因此空间方向关系的描述模型应该是基于方向组的.为此,给出了方向间隔图的定义.一个定量的方向组由两目标间的方向间隔图的法线的方位角和各个方位角的对应权重组成,前者用对两目标顶点、交点进行Delaunay三角网剖分的方法获得;后者用两目标公共区域面积、方向间隔图的边长计算得到.定量的方向组可以转变为定性的方向组.该模型的正确性用心理学实验进行了验证.     

包装结构设计中环面的三维造型及算法的研究

对在包装容器的结构，造型设计中作为常用基本的环面进行了空间单元及三角剖分的研究，给出了用空间单元法及三角剖分法表示圆环的原理和方法，同时也给出了该三维模型的数据结构，简化了算法。     

调剖剂

将调剖剂分为固体分散体调剖剂、单液法调剖剂和双液法调剖剂,并认为这三种调剖剂是适应井眼外不同距离地层的调剖需要而发展起来的。讨论了一种将双液法调剖剂转变为单液法调剖剂的微胶囊技术。提供了调剖剂的应用实例。     

鲂鱼卵孔剖面曲线的三次样条拟合

鲂鱼过卵孔中心部位的剖切面曲线，是以精孔管为轴，两侧由凸转凹，两端自然趋于平直，这种切面曲线与三次样条曲线拟合，具有极小曲率性质。从而，找到了又一种真骨鱼，其卵膜孔的形态结构为精子入卵提供了有利条件。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.