米糠蛋白提取工艺优化研究

采用超声辅助酶法提取米糠蛋白,并对蛋白质的氨基酸组成进行了初步的分析。结果表明,以纤维素酶提取米糠蛋白效果较好,其最佳工艺条件为提取温度60℃、提取时间5h、料液质量体积比1∶9、pH值5.0、纤维素酶添加量0.5%,在此条件下米糠蛋白提取率达到63.11%。超声波辅助纤维素酶法提取的米糠蛋白含有17种氨基酸,其中8种为人体必需氨基酸;最高的3种为谷氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸,含量最少的为脯氨酸、蛋氨酸和酪氨酸。研究结果可作为米糠蛋白提取的参考。     

碱液浸提法分离小麦麸皮中蛋白质的研究

在蛋白质的分离提取中采用碱液浸提法.以小麦麸皮中蛋白质残留量为考察指标,对浸提过程中的影响因素进行单因素和正交设计分析,优化工艺参数组合.通过比较分析后得出结论,浸提后小麦麸皮中蛋白质的最低残留量为9.87%.     

碱性蛋白酶对小麦麸皮中蛋白质的酶解作用

采用碱性蛋白酶降解小麦麸皮中的蛋白质成为可溶性组分,通过水洗过滤分离将其除去.以小麦麸皮中蛋白质残留量为考察指标,对酶解过程中的影响因素进行单因素和正交设计分析,优化工艺参数组合.通过比较分析后得到结论,采用碱性蛋白酶酶解分离小麦麸皮中蛋白质,酶解后小麦麸皮中蛋白质残留量仅为0.62%.     

山黧豆蛋白质的提取及营养价值研究

优化碱溶酸沉提取山黧豆蛋白的方法,得到山黧豆粗蛋白,并分析其氨基酸组成,同时对山黧豆蛋白质进行了综合的营养价值评价。结果显示,山黧豆蛋白质的较佳提取条件为:提取温度40℃,pH值10,提取时间1h,料液比1∶20g/mL。此条件下,山黧豆蛋白质的提取率最高,蛋白质质量分数高达26.1%。山黧豆蛋白的等电点为pH值5;山黧豆蛋白质中含有18种蛋白质氨基酸,其中谷氨酸质量分数最高为17.4%,其次是天冬氨酸10.0%。其必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值EAA/TAA为42%(>40%)、必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值EAA/NEAA为72.41%(>60%),即均大于FAO/WHO提出的参考蛋白量。山黧豆蛋白中的氨基酸评分、化学评分、氨基酸比值系数以及必需氨基酸比率,除蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸外,其他均高于WHO/FAO标准;蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、色氨酸分别为第一和第二限制性氨基酸。山黧豆蛋白质的必需氨基酸指数EAAI值为1.16,根据蛋白质的评价标准:EAAI值大于0.9为优质蛋白源,说明山黧豆蛋白质属于优质蛋白。     

黑龙江春小麦麸皮抗冻蛋白的制备及性质研究

以小麦麸皮为原料,采用磷酸盐缓冲溶液提取硫酸铵沉淀制备抗冻蛋白,同时对所得抗冻蛋白的特性进行了测定.研究结果表明,从小麦麸皮中提取抗冻蛋白的最优条件为,小麦麸皮与磷酸盐缓冲溶液的固液比1∶9,提取时间2 h,提取温度30℃,固液分离的离心转速3 400 r/min,离心时间20min.在此条件下,小麦麸皮抗冻蛋白粗品的提取率为16.59%;提取得到的抗冻蛋白乳化性为79.87%,乳化稳定性为61.83%,吸油能力为自身质量的1.575倍,持水能力为自身质量的2.5倍左右,起泡性为55.77%,起泡稳定性为10.58%.     

小麦麸皮膳食纤维饼干的多因素研究

以小麦麸皮和小麦粉为原料,制作富含膳食纤维的全麦型饼干.采用正交实验,通过对小麦麸皮膳食纤维饼干成品应用英国物性仪进行物理性质以及感官检测方面的分析,确定出小麦麸皮饼干的最佳工艺配方.结果表明,小麦麸皮含大量膳食纤维,植物油的用量对产品感官品质的影响最大,其次是小麦麸皮粉添加量、糖用量、疏松机用量.小麦麸皮膳食纤维饼干的最佳工艺条件为:小麦麸皮粉添加量20%、绵白糖用量30%、色拉油用量15%、疏松剂用量为0.3%.以此最佳工艺条件生产的产品口感酥脆,风味纯正,品质优良.     

响应面分析法优化罗望子多糖提取工艺

为提高罗望子多糖的提取效率,降低蛋白质质量分数,使之达到国家标准,以原料目数、提取pH、提取温度为自变量,提取率和蛋白质质量分数为因变量,通过响应面分析法优化罗望子多糖的提取条件。确定了最佳工艺条件为:原料目数118目,提取pH 3.06,提取温度90℃。在此条件下,罗望子多糖提取率的理论值为49.76%,蛋白质质量分数为1.00%。对此进行验证实验,实际条件为原料目数120目,提取pH 3.1,提取温度90℃,罗望子多糖提取率为49.59%±0.36%,蛋白质质量分数为1.02%±0.05%,实际值与模型理论值相符度高,模型具有实际意义。通过优化提取工艺,为罗望子胶的工业化生产提供技术参考。     

木瓜蛋白酶酶解辅助提取葛根中的有效成分研究

文章对木瓜蛋白酶酶解辅助提取葛根中的有效成分进行了研究。以葛根素及葛根总黄酮得率为指标,采用单因素实验法筛选了酶解时间、酶质量分数、酶解温度、酶解pH值等;采用综合加权评分法进行数据分析,以葛根素及葛根总黄酮得率为综合评价指标,对酶解时间、酶质量分数、酶解温度三个主要影响因素进行了正交试验的筛选。文章首次选用木瓜蛋白酶酶解的方法,对葛根中的有效成分进行了辅助提取,并确定了其最佳提取工艺条件。实验结果表明:酶解pH值为6,酶质量分数为2%,酶解温度为60℃,酶解时间为4h时,木瓜蛋白酶酶解辅助提取葛根中有效成分的效果为最佳。     

葵花籽粕中蛋白质提取工艺的优化

采用盐提法提取葵花籽粕中的蛋白质,以提取率为评价指标,采用单因素试验探讨NaCl浓度、料液比、提取温度、提取时间、pH值、提取次数对蛋白质提取率的影响,采用正交试验优化提取工艺。结果表明:葵花籽粕中蛋白质的最佳提取工艺条件为NaCl浓度1.5mol.L-1、料液比1∶14(g.mL-1)、温度50℃、提取时间1.5h、pH值8、提取2次,此条件下蛋白质提取率为54.8%。     

黑龙江地区小麦麸皮化学组成分析

以我国黑龙江地区的小麦麸皮为原料,对其化学组成成分进行了定量分析,实验测得小麦麸皮中灰分质量分数5．41％、木质素质量分数6．01％、淀粉质量分数25．90％、脂肪质量分数3．45％、戊聚糖质量分数19．42％、综纤维素质量分数46．05％、纤维素的质量分数2．35％及总糖质量分数89．62％,实验结果表明,黑龙江地区的小麦麸皮中综纤维素含量较高,其中以半纤维素为主;戊聚糖含量较高,木质素含量低,易于提取戊聚糖,适应于作为制备功能性食品低聚糖的原料。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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