二叶葎多糖的研究——1.分离、纯化及其基本性质

二叶葎用沸水抽提,三氟乙酸—正丁醉除蛋白,乙醇沉淀得二叶葎多糖粗品.比粗品进一步通过 CTAB 和 DEAE -纤维素柱层析纯化.其主要成份用 Sephadex G—150分子筛、纸层析、醋酸纤维薄膜电泳和琼脂糖电泳均证明是均一的.用 Sephadex G—200凝胶过滤法测得分子量是79000.纯多糖糖含量以葡萄糖为标准是69%,以半乳糖为标准是156%,以糖原为标准是70.4%.糖醛酸含量是74%.体内试验表明二叶葎多糖对移植 S—130肉瘤细胞具有抑制作用.     

裂褶菌胞内和胞外多糖的组成及几种理化性质的分析

裂褶多糖(schizophyllan)是从一种担子菌--裂褶菌Schizophyllum commune Fr.菌丝体和发酵液所产生的多糖,深层发酵培养5天后,菌丝体用热水提取,提取液用乙醇沉淀,得胞内粗多糖,发酵液用乙醇直接沉淀,得胞外粗多糖。多糖粗品经Sevag法脱蛋白,活性炭脱色,流水透析,乙醇沉淀,真空干燥.通过纸层析,薄层层析,紫外光谱,红外光谱等分析技术表明裂褶菌胞内和胞外多糖均为一中性含有蛋白的β—糖苷键葡聚糖. 裂褶多糖是一种免疫活性多糖,对动物肿瘤的生长具有明显的抑制作用.对抗菌素有增效作用,能提高抗菌素效价和降低付作用.此外对绿脓杆菌有较强的拮抗活性。     

红豆杉培养物水溶性多糖的提取及清除自由基活性的研究

红豆杉培养物经热水浸提,乙醇沉淀得粗多糖．粗多糖不含淀粉,凯式定氮法测得蛋白质含量为7．0％．苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量为19．71％,硫酸-咔唑法测半乳糖醛酸含量为28．49％．粗多糖经Sevage法和酶法联合脱蛋白,得初步纯化的多糖．在体外设计产生氧离子自由基、羟自由基2个体系,分别加入红豆杉多糖的粗品和精品,结果表明红豆杉多糖对氧离子自由基和羟自由基具有明显的清除效果,且纯化后多糖的清除效果比多糖粗品好．     

活性炭联合陶瓷膜超滤纯化香菇多糖

为了改善香菇多糖精制工艺及降低生产成本,以45%香菇多糖粗品为原料,利用陶瓷膜超滤对其进行纯化精制。结果表明,4.5mg/mL的香菇多糖粗品溶液用1%活性炭作预处理,超滤温度为40℃,超滤压力为0.2MPa,膜面流速为4.5m/s时纯化效果最优。蛋白质的脱除率可达81%,多糖粗品脱色率达90.9%,精制得香菇多糖的纯度为89.7%,回收率77.6%。     

龙眼多糖清除自由基活性的研究

从清除1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH·)、羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子(O2-·)三个方面,探讨纯化方法对龙眼多糖清除自由基活性的影响.以抗坏血酸为对照,利用分光光度法分别测定龙眼粗多糖(CLPS)、Sevag法脱蛋白制得的龙眼粗多糖半纯品(SLPS)、TCA法脱蛋白制得的龙眼粗多糖半纯品(TLPS)、经DEAE-Cellulose 52离子交换柱层析纯化得到的龙眼多糖纯品(LPS-2)对DPPH·、·OH和O2-·的清除能力.结果显示:多糖纯度越高,清除DPPH.活性也越强,其清除活性由强到弱依次为:LPS-2TLPSSLPSCLPS;对于.OH和O2-·,SLPS清除活性最强,LPS-2清除活性最弱,说明杂蛋白质抑制了多糖清除.OH、O2-·活性,而糖蛋白中的蛋白质则起到促进作用.     

绞股蓝多糖脱蛋白工艺及相对分子质量的测定

采用Sevag法、木瓜蛋白酶-Sevag法、TCA-Sevag法对绞股蓝粗多糖脱蛋白工艺进行研究.通过DEAE—52纤维素柱层析和葡聚糖凝胶G—200柱层析对粗多糖进行分离纯化,采用高效液相色谱分析法对精制多糖GPM—21的相对分子质量进行测定分析.结果表明:木瓜蛋白酶-Sevag法效果最佳,蛋白脱除率高且多糖损失量小,累计蛋白脱除率可达63.08%,多糖保留率为77.34%.液相渗透色谱法测定GPM—21的相对分子质量为200 576.     

野生榛蘑多糖提取、分离纯化和相对分子量的测定

野生榛蘑多糖采用水提法得到多糖粗品,经Sevage法除蛋白,H2O2法脱色素和透析法去除小分子后,采用DEAE-纤维素柱层析纯化,分离得三种多糖成分Ⅰ,Ⅱ和Ⅲ.纯化得的榛蘑多糖经葡聚糖凝胶层析法测得相对分子量分别为132429,93917,74687 Da.     

树舌、茯苓多糖的提取分离及组成

对树舌(Ganoderma apparatus)、茯苓(poria cocos)多糖的提取、纯化和单糖的组成成分进行了研究.认为树舌子实体和茯苓菌核经热水提取、脱色和乙醇沉淀分别得到相应多糖(树舌多糖Ga,茯苓多糖Pc)粗品,多糖粗品经脱蛋白,乙醇分级沉淀、Sephadex G-15葡聚糖凝胶柱层析纯化得Ga-1、Ga-2、Ga-3和Pc -1、Pc -2、Pc -3 3个级分,并应用薄板层析技术,确定树舌多糖3个级分均由葡萄糖、树胶醛糖、甘露糖、果糖及一种未知单糖组成,茯苓多糖3个级分均由葡萄糖、甘露糖、核糖及一种未知单糖组成.     

百合多糖的超声波提取条件的研究

以百合为原料制备百合多糖,研究百合多糖的超声波提取条件。取5.0 g百合碎片,超声波提取,滤去饱和残渣,合并提取液,减压浓缩至原溶液的1/4,加入5倍量无水乙醇沉淀,得到多糖粗品。将多糖粗品溶解,采用Sevag法除去蛋白质,得到百合多糖。以苯酚-硫酸法测定百合多糖含量。在超声波功率500 w时,提取条件为提取时间30 min,料液比1：10,提取次数1次,得到的百合多糖含量最高。通过对百合多糖的超声波提取条件的研究,为百合多糖的进一步开发利用提供了实验依据和有价值的参考。     

三十烷醇的提取

本探索了一条从蜂蜡中提取三十烷醇的简便途径，粗品提纯后可得含量为98％的产品。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that