太阳顶群热水成因的硅质岩作为拉尔玛金矿矿源层的研究

通过对拉尔玛金矿床中金与有机碳的关系分析及有机质、粘土矿物吸附和释放金的实验研究，结合岩（矿）石中金的浸出率与有机碳含量的相关分析，岩（矿）石的微量元素和稀土元素Ｑ型聚类分析，得出结论：与硅质岩相比，板岩能提供的金是微不足道的。硅质岩中的活性金远远高于板岩，在成矿过程中易于迁移出来参与成矿；板岩中的金多为惰性金，难于活化和提供金源。大阳顶群热水成因的硅质岩，在沉积时不仅为当时的海水提供了大量的金源，而且成岩后构成了拉尔玛金矿床主要的矿源层。     

现代绿藻和蓝细菌富集金的模拟实验

现代绿藻、蓝细菌富集金的实验模拟表明：菌藻生物对金有强烈的富集作用，但不同的生物对金的富集作用的强弱不同，蓝细菌较绿藻对金的富集作用强烈。生物对金的富集作用不是表面吸附，而是参与生物生理活动的吸收作用。     

拉日玛金矿床中有机质与金的初始富集关系

西秦岭拉日玛金矿床的赋矿岩系太阳顶群，以其高的有机质含量和伴生大量固体沥青而被认为矿化作用与石油烃类有关。根据红外光谱、色谱－质谱分析和反射率测定，揭示出含矿围岩不但是矿源层，而且是油源岩。它具有高的产烃指标和成熟度，有机质是海相菌藻成因的腐泥型。分离的干酪根和可溶有机质的中子沾化分析证实，矿源层中干酪根是金的主要载体，缺氧局限海中微生物及衍生有机质的吸收或吸附是金属元素初始富集的结果。     

四川平武金洞沟剪切带型金矿成因探讨

流体包裹体和氢氧同位素特征研究表明，四川平武金洞沟金矿床的成矿温度为１４４．６℃，压力为１７．５ＭＰａ，ｐＨ值为６．０２～６．３３，Ｅｈ值为－０．２６７～－０．２１２Ｖ，氧逸度为１０￣（－４０．９６）～１０￣（－４０．３３）Ｐａ，成矿热液来自大气降水。金矿化是剪切变形作用的直接产物，金的矿源层为茂县群浅变质岩系，金迁移的络合物形式为［ＡｕＣｌ＿４］￣－，金的主要载体是黄铁矿。     

金属百科——锰

正锰作为重要的矿产资源,它是怎么形成的呢?它是在动荡、贫氧、深水的环境中,黑色页岩吸附海底热液中及少量的陆源成矿物质(有机作用)形成矿源层,而后通过菌藻生物作用(因具球状结构而推测)使锰富集成矿。锰,元素符号Mn,原子序数25,是一种灰白色、质坚而脆、有光泽的黑色金属。     

南秦岭毒重石成矿带矿床中的生物成因重晶石及其意义

紫阳黄柏树湾毒重石矿床和竹山文峪河毒重石-重晶石矿床呈层状或似层状产于下寒武统下部或其相当层位的硅质岩中,矿体受岩性和岩相控制作用明显.矿床中毒重石、钡解石和方解石的碳、氧同位素研究结果表明,组成这些矿物的碳主要为有机成因碳;毒重石或重晶石矿石中发现的生物成因重晶石(bio-barite)说明Ba主要通过生物成因重晶石的形式将海水中的Ba2 浓集并沉降于海底,形成钡矿床的初始富集体,而毒重石是在早期成岩阶段在生物和有机质作用下交代重晶石的基础上形成的.     

塔里木盆地东部上寒武统SPICE事件检出及其油气地球化学意义

国内外研究发现上寒武统沉积地层中普遍记录了一次碳酸盐岩碳同位素正向漂移,即SPICE(Steptoean Positive Carbon Isotope Excursion)事件,在全球区域等时沉积地层中残余有机质(干酪根)也同时富集重的稳定碳同位素,通过分析这种协同关系以期探讨塔里木盆地台盆区已发现的部分异常富集~(13)C油气藏的成因.前期研究发现塔里木盆地东部地区上寒武统底部存在可全球性对比的SPICE事件且具有有机/无机碳同位素组成协同正向漂移的特征.综合分析塔里木盆地台盆区烃源岩发育特征、有机质热演化程度以及生物发育特征等因素,初步研究结果认为目前发现的台盆区塔东2井寒武系、塔中62井志留系等原油富集~(13)C同位素的成因可能是由于局部发育以冷生物物种(如蓝细菌等)为主要生物母质的富集重碳同位素的上寒武统烃源岩排烃、聚集、成藏的结果 .     

东营凹陷沙河街组泥页岩中正丙基胆甾烷与异海绵烷的研究:硫循环对有机质富集的影响

中国东部陆相渤海湾盆地东营凹陷古近系沙河街组油页岩中有机质的富集机制一直是研究热点,但关于异养生物及硫循环对有机质富集过程影响的研究较少.通过有机地球化方法对东营凹陷沙河街组第三、四段富有机质烃源岩进行精细研究,认为伴随着明显的水体分层,藻类勃发进一步加剧了底水缺氧的条件,海水带来了丰富的硫酸盐促进了强烈的细菌硫还原(Bacterial Sulfur Reduction,BSR)作用,将这种缺氧条件进一步扩展到水柱上部形成透光层缺氧(Photic Zone Euxinia,PZE),而PZE有利于光合自养绿硫菌的剧烈活动.强烈的BSR作用及间歇性的PZE控制东营凹陷古湖盆中藻类等水生生物的组成,原核细菌及海相金藻类对有机质富集有一定贡献.通过分析海相藻类生物标志物C_(30)24-正丙基胆甾烷和透光层缺氧生物标志物异海绵烷与有机碳丰度的关系,研究认为在相对丰富的外源硫酸盐输入、厌氧异养细菌作用、光能自养细菌作用和透光层缺氧条件下形成的硫循环,对东营古湖盆沙河街组烃源岩有机质的富集起主要控制作用.     

拉尔玛金成矿带成矿流体氢氧同位素组成及其演化

西秦岭南亚带的拉尔玛金成矿带,由拉尔玛,邛莫金矿床和牙相金矿点组成,矿床（点）赋存于寒武系太阳顶群碳质硅岩和碳质板岩组成的硅岩建造中,受地层,岩性,岩相和构造控制十分明显,对其所表现出来的层控性质为众所公认。通过对各金矿床（点）流体氢,氧同位素组成研究之后,作者阳出矿流体乃大气降水的结论。大气降水补给地下热液在环流过程中,促使硅岩建造中的成矿物质发生活化,迁移和再聚集,并最终导致了工业矿床的形成。     

下扬子五峰组上升流相烃源岩沉积特征

五峰组层状含放射虫硅质类地层是下扬子地区所发育的区域性优质烃源岩之一,为前陆挠折滞流盆地边缘斜坡上升流沉积产物。受上升流强度和阵发周期频率的控制,形成了多个厚度呈周期性变化、硅质生物组成略有不同的硅质岩和硅质页岩互层韵律沉积。五峰组沉积时期,水体缺氧程度高,有机质组成以无定形为优势,原始生烃潜力高,低等藻类和其它浮游生物是其主要生源。受上升流影响,硅质岩和硅质页岩沉积时期有机质的保护机制存在差异,有机质富集程度主要与粘土矿物对有机质较强的吸附和保护能力以及氧化硅矿物转化过程中有机质的损失相关。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that