乙醇分子在Bi(111)表面上的吸附和自组装

利用低温扫描隧道显微镜研究乙醇分子在半金属Bi(111)表面的吸附和自组装.在低覆盖度下,乙醇分子主要以单体和二聚体的形式吸附在衬底表面.随着覆盖度的增加,形成少量的分子链和大量结构稳定的六聚体结构.高覆盖度下的乙醇自组装结构经310K退火2h后,得到大面积的乙醇自组装薄膜.乙醇自组装薄膜的晶格常数是:a=630pm,b=380pm,θ=89°,这与乙醇晶体的晶格常数不同.乙醇自组装薄膜的形成得益于分子间的较强的相互作用,这种作用力可以主导分子与衬底间的作用.     

铝金属薄膜上制备OTS自组装分子膜的摩擦学特性

为研究铝金属薄膜上三氯十八硅烷(OTS)自组装分子膜的摩擦学特性,采用自组装的方法在铝金属薄膜上制备OTS自组装分子膜,分析了纳米尺度和毫牛尺度下载荷、滑动速度以及紫外照射对薄膜摩擦学特性的影响.结果表明:制备的OTS自组装分子膜具有疏水特性和良好的润滑性能.紫外照射5 min后,自组装分子膜摩擦力降低;紫外照射15 min时,自组装分子膜的网状结构受到破坏,减弱了润滑效果.在纳米尺度和毫牛尺度下,摩擦力随载荷和滑动速度的增大而增大;铝金属薄膜摩擦系数降低时,自组装分子膜磨损显著降低,摩擦副的耐久性略有提高.     

钨磷酸/聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮纳米复合膜的光致变色性能

制备了一系列不同配比的钨磷酸/聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮纳米复合薄膜.通过原子力显微镜、红外光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱对复合薄膜的结构和光致变色性能进行了研究.AFM结果表明,复合前后聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮表面形貌因杂多酸的掺杂而发生了显著变化.红外光谱分析结果表明,Keggin结构钨磷酸和聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮分子的基本结构在复合薄膜中仍然存在,乙烯基吡咯烷酮分子基团质子化后与杂多阴离子成盐,形成电荷转移桥.在紫外光照射下,复合薄膜由无色变为蓝色,在空气中暗处放置后复合膜重新恢复为无色.复合膜的升色速度和褪色速度均随着杂多酸含量的增加而加快.结果表明,杂多酸含量对复合膜的光致变色性能存在显著影响.     

单晶硅表面有机硅烷/稀土复合自组装膜的摩擦磨损性能

利用分子自组装技术,在单晶硅表面制备了MPTS MPTES /稀土复合自组装膜.利用接触角测定仪、原子力显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪分析表征了薄膜的组成和结构;采用DF-PM型静-动摩擦系数精密测定仪评价了薄膜的摩擦磨损性能.研究结果表明：稀土元素可以组装到氧化后的硅烷化表面而形成MPTS-MPTES /稀土自组装复合薄膜.在较低载荷下,薄膜不但摩擦系数较低,同时也表现出良好的耐磨性和摩擦稳定性,显示了其在微型机械表面改性的潜在应用前景.     

羧酸化β-环糊精与重氮树脂自组装超薄膜

通过控制反应条件,由β-环糊精制备了不同取代度的羧酸化β-环糊精(CM-β-CD),用核磁氢谱表征了其结构及羧酸化取代度.并以此为聚阴离子、光敏性聚合物.重氮树脂(DR)为聚阳离子.基于离子间相互作用,制备了层.层自组装超薄膜,研究了羧酸化取代度、溶剂离子强度、浓度以及pH值对组装膜的影响.实验结果表明:每一自组装循环中,聚离子的沉积量是相等的,并随着羧酸化取代度、溶剂离子强度的增加而增加;但CM-β-CD溶液的浓度和pH值对组装膜结构产生的影响很小.在UV光照下,利用重氮盐的光分解使层-层之间形成共价交联,有效提高了膜的稳定性.     

Ce~(3 )掺杂纳米TiO_2自清洁玻璃光催化性能研究

以Ge3 掺杂TiO2溶胶制备自清洁玻璃,并研究Ce3 掺杂量在紫外光照射条件下对甲苯分解能力的影响.AFM照片显示:Ce3 掺杂纳米TiO2自清洁玻璃表面膜是由平均粒径30nm的TiO2颗粒组成的,膜厚度为53nm.光催化研究表明:Ce3 掺杂纳米TiO2自清洁玻璃在紫外光条件下,具有良好的光催化效果,其甲苯分解率都在90%以上,分解时间小于120min.在质量浓度为50μg/mL的甲苯溶液中,波长为365nm紫外光照射条件下,Ce3 与TiO2摩尔比为0.02时,玻璃表面对甲苯的降解率为92.85%;Ce3 掺杂纳米TiO2自清洁玻璃膜对甲苯的光催化分解能力随的Ce3 质量分数的增加而有一最佳值98.5%,其Ce3 /TiO2摩尔比等于0.06;甲苯溶液浓度越高,自清洁玻璃表面对甲苯的分解效率越低;自清洁玻璃表面与甲苯体积比越大,分解甲苯的效率就越高.     

自组装成膜技术及其研究进展

对近几年界面科学、分子工程学等领域研究最多的自组装薄膜技术进行了总结，介绍了其发展历史，从组装物种之间作用力的不同分别介绍了配位键自组装、氢键自组装、静电自组装等。自组装材料在很多方面都有着重要的潜在应用，     

电化学联用技术差分法研究二茂铁硫醇自组装膜氧化构型变化机制

采用电化学-表面等离子体激元共振技术和电化学-石英晶体微天平联用技术结合差分方法,研究11-二茂铁基十一烷基-1-硫醇自组装膜在氧化过程中的构型变化机制.研究结果表明:二茂铁硫醇自组装膜在氧化过程中同时发生了2种结构变化, 一是烷基链远离电极表面,即烷基链与电极表面的夹角增大;二是二茂铁上的2个平行的戊基环绕着二茂铁-碳轴发生旋转.伴随着结构变化,二茂铁硫醇自组装膜还发生2种溶剂化过程,一是氧化的二茂铁与溶液中的阴离子产生静电吸引而形成“离子对”;二是溶剂分子进入膜内形成水化膜.二茂铁硫醇氧化时烷基链的偏移和膜的溶剂化都是快速步骤,而戊基环的翻转是唯一的慢速步骤.     

Ag纳米立方共振传感器的热组装及应用

采用热驱动组装的方法,制备了限域表面等离子体共振传感膜。首先,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为结构导向剂和稳定剂制备了Ag纳米立方。然后,利用两亲性分子2-二乙胺基乙硫醇的亲疏水性随温度变化的性质,通过温度调控实现了Ag纳米立方在玻璃基体上的二维组装。以Ag纳米立方表面的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为偶联剂,采用经典Stober法在二维组装膜表面包覆了Si O_2,从而提高了传感膜的稳定性以及后续功能化的可行性。最后,将Ni~(2+)/次氮基三乙酸体系引入表面等离子体共振传感器表面,实现了生物素的固载和溶液中链霉亲和素的高灵敏度传感检测。     

有机硅烷/稀土复合自组装膜的制备与摩擦磨损特性

利用分子自组装技术在单晶硅表面制备有机硅烷/稀土复合自组装膜,利用接触角测定仪、原子力显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪分析表征了薄膜的组成和结构,采用UMT-2MT型摩擦磨损试验机评价薄膜的摩擦磨损性能.研究结果表明:通过3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷硅烷偶联剂在单晶硅基片表面的成功组装,获得了较为均匀的硅烷化表面,而稀土元素可以组装到磷化后的硅烷化表面;在较低载荷下,有机硅烷/稀土复合薄膜不但具有较低的摩擦系数,同时也表现出良好的耐磨性和摩擦稳定性,显示其在微机构表面改性的潜在应用前景.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with