浅谈地租地价体系存在的问题

地价体系的建立是土地使用制度改革中最重要的一个方面,它使我国的土地使用从无偿、无限期使用向有偿、有限期使用转变,具有重要的历史意义。但是,由于我国尚处于社会主义市场经济的过渡阶段,各项经济制度还很不完善;同时,我国的土地有偿使用制度改革是在经历了30多年的无偿使用阶段才进行实践的,还有不少问题处于摸索阶段。本文则谈些自己的看法,供同行参考。     

浅议农村宅基地的无偿使用

分析了农村宅基地使用中存在的问题，提出了应采取的措施与建议。     

Knowledge-based land use/cover classification of remote sensing image in Kenli, Shandong Province, China

Quantitative remote sensing methods have been widely adopted for land use/cover information extraction. However, in the Yellow River delta, spectral confusions between different surface features are common, which always introduce errors into the ordinary automatic spectral classification. A knowledge-based land use/cover classification is tried. Based on a systematic analysis of the spectral characteristics of different land use/cover types in the study area, several index models derived from TM digital data of Kenli County are built, which can make pixels of certain land use/cover types enhanced. With the combination of the index models, the expert knowledge of the area and some ancillary data, such as land use maps and soil maps based on ground surveys, rules of every class are determined to extract the land use/cover information. Accuracy evaluation shows that without any manual modification, the land use/cover information determined with remote sensing is 81.8% and accuracy for the spatial distribution of land use/cover cross checked with a random sample is 84.5%. Therefore, this approach provides an effective means for land use/cover information extraction in the Yellow River delta and can be used as reference for other areas where spectral confusions commonly exist.     

浅议城市土地产权制度的完善

我国现行的土地权利体系已难以适应市场经济发展的需要，要解决现行土地产权制度存在的问题，须在明确所有权主体和职能的前提下，强化土地使用权的地位，理顺多种形态使用权的关系，促进土地有偿使用规模的不断扩大。     

我国城市土地使用制度改革的若干设想

本文以马克思主义的地租理论为指导，肯定社会主义初级阶段不但存在绝对地租，而存在级差地租。     

浅论城镇土地资源的合理配置——建立和完善土地使用制度

目前在土地使用方面还存在着许多压力和问题,加强土地规划、节约利用土地,减少外延扩大、提高内涵挖潜、强化管理、促进流通、增加财政收入,应是规范我国土地使用制度的出发点。     

Effects of Land Use Change on the Ecosystem Services Value in the Dry-Hot Valley

The objective of the study reported here was to determine whether LANDSAT TM images could be used to quantify changes in land-use and ecosystem services in Yuanmou County. The sizes of six land use/land cover （LUCC） categories were estimated in Yuanmou County according to the LANDSAT TM images in the summer of 1986 and 2005. Coefficients published by Xie Gaodi and co-workers in 2003 were used to value changes in ecosystem services delivered by each land use/land cover category, and the ecosystem services sensitivity analysis was conducted to determine the effect of manipulating these coefficients on the estimated values. The important results are summarized as followings. （1） The estimated size of cultivated land, pasture land, water area and unused land decreased by 6.39%, 1.35%, 2.25% and 10.67% respectively between 1986 and 2005. By contrast, the estimated size of forest land and construction land increased by about 2.23% and 71.15% respectively between 1986 and 2005. （2） The total ecosystem services value （EVS） of the study area increased from 2 142 132 609.46 yuan to 2 146 416 621.00 yuan, with the net increase of 4 284 011.54 yuan during the 20-year time period. （3） The coefficient sensitivity （CS） of the study are less than unity in all cases （CS 〈 1）. This indicates that the total ecosystem values estimated for the study area are relatively inelastic with respect to the ecosystem service coefficients. While this implies that our estimates are robust and the coefficient is reasonable, highly under or over valued coefficients can substantially affect the veracity of estimated changes in ecosystem service values overtime even when the CS are less than unity（CS 〈 1）.     

浅议我国物业税的开征

物业税又称“财产税”或“地产税”，是指针对土地、房屋等不动产，要求其所有者或承租人每年缴付的一定税款，且税值随房产的升值而提高。比如公路、地铁开通后，沿线的房产价格就会提高，相应地，物业税也要提高。     

农村土地使用制度改革的探讨

土地制度作为社会的一个基本制度,它的改革和发展必然会涉及到社会和国民经济各个部门,同样社会和国民经济各部门的改革也会相应要求土地制度进行必要的改革。以家庭联产承包为主要内容的土地使用制度改革,对农民经营管理土地产生了极为深刻的印象。改革之初,由于联产承包责任制在一定程度上确定了农民经营土地的主体地位,极大地激活了长期被禁固的农业生产要素－－－土地与劳动力的高效重组,成功地推动了一段时期内土地生产力     

从土地问题入手破解房价高企的困局

房价过高已成为困扰民生、影响我国房地产业正常发展的一个突出问题。究其原因,主要与土地问题有关。一是土地的稀缺性;二是土地使用制度。土地的稀缺性造成房地产商利用垄断经营权获取暴利,土地使用权的招标拍卖,加大住房成本,也抬高了房价。就围绕这些问题进行了论述,并提出改革土地使用制度,实行优惠的税费政策等措施以建立长效机制。     

论我国农村土地使用制度的改革及发展

为了促进农业的发展，提高农业的规模经营，我国对农村土地使用制度进行了许多改革与尝试，主要有两田制、股份制、四荒拍卖以及土地使用权流转等，但这些改革又存在许多不足和问题．本文通过对改革模式及存在问题的分析，提出了进一步改革应注意的几个政策问题     

基于组件式GIS的城市土地定级信息系统研究

组件式软件技术已经成为当今软件技术的潮流之一，本文阐述了组件技术与组件式地理信息系统的原理和技术基础，讨论了组件式地理信息系统的特点，进而探讨利用组件式地理信息系统设计与开发土地定级信息系统的思路，并依此思路初步开发并实现了镇江市土定级信息系统。     

邵阳市城建土地集约利用初探

从邵阳市土地资源及城区土地利用状况出发,对该市土地利用现状进行分析,找出土地利用结构不合理、利用效率低的主要原因,并提出城建土地集约利用的几点设想.     

Evaluation of Eco-Environmental Frangibility Based on Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System

The eco-environmental frangibility is studied by choosing the factors of land use class change and vegetation cover rate, and the equation of eco-environmental frangibility and its evaluation system are established based on remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system technology （GIS）. Four different years of TM images are selected to calculate land use change grads and vegetation cover rate, and the relationship between the two factors and eco-environment frangibility index are build, taking Fuzhou as an example. The character of times change and space distribution of eco-environment frangibility are described. The result indicates the area of eco-environment frangibility increased 2.6% in Fuzhou during twelve years, and expands from the region between infield and forest land to forest land in space distribution.     

市场经济体制下我国城市面临的挑战

市场经济体制下我国城市面临的挑战ＣｈａｌｌｅｎｇｅｔｏＣｈｉｎａ’ｓＣｉｔｉｅｓｕｎｄｅｒＭａｒｋｅｔＥｃｏｎｏｍｙＳｙｓｔｅｍ￥邓卫（清华大学建筑学院城市规划系，北京１０００８４）改革开放前的３０多年间，我国社会、政治与经济结构最主要特征的是高度的...