税费改革、民工荒与劳动力流动

农村税费改革后,沿海地区出现的农民工短缺现象并不意味着我国劳动力的流动趋势发生了改变。“民工荒”现象是对过去农村地区劳动力的边际产出被过分压低的修正,我国劳动力的流动趋势没有改变。沿海地区必须采取措施,降低企业运营成本,才能留住劳动密集型的企业。     

攀枝花城市边缘人社会特征与文化适应研究——以攀枝花市外来流动散工为例

我国从20世纪80年代以来,城市农民工成为当代中国社会最引人注目的群体之一。散工是流动人口中的一部分群体。虽然农民工已成为社会普遍关注的对象,但散工群体作为外来流动人口中特殊的一部分却被淹没、遮蔽在农民工群体之中,这一群体生活在城市边缘、底层,他们不为人们所熟悉和关注,是被漠视和被淡忘的边缘人群体。但随着国家经济体制的不断深化,农村经济和乡镇企业发展的滞后,国有企业下岗人员的增多,越来越多的劳动力不仅涌人经济发达的沿海地区,而大部分流人到他们就近的城市。文章通过对攀枝花市外来流动散工的调查,分析了他们的社会特征与文化适应状况,以期引起政府和社会各界的关注。     

城镇化进程中农村劳动力流动的新特点及政策取向

城镇化进程需要关注农村劳动力就业问题。本世纪以来,我国西部农村劳动力流动表现出四大新特点：农村人才流失严重;“民工荒”与“返乡潮”交替出现;就业结构失衡局面在逐步改变;“血地缘关系网”已成为农村劳动力流动的纽带。本文分析了新特点的成因,并提出了促进我国西部农村劳动力流动的对策。     

浅析农民工问题及维护农民工的权益

农民工是推动中国经济发展进步的一支重要力量。随着社会主义市场经济的发展,农民工进城务工经商,对我国城乡经济发展产生了深远的影响。农民进入城市就业,不仅缓解了农村就业压力,也为城市发展和方便城市居民生活做出了重要贡献。但是我们也应看到,伴随着巨大规模的农村劳动力流动,农民工领域也出现了许多不容忽视的问题。     

城市流动劳动力的数学模型分析与应用

通过对城市流动劳动力的数量、结构、就业状态和工资水平的调查与假设,建立了两个简单的城市流动劳动力的数学模型;通过模型求解,分析了城市的经济发展、就业、基础设施、交通、犯罪率、国有经济与集体经济的从业人数等方面的变化与对策;最后为政府部门指出了管理城市流动劳动力应注意的几个方面．     

西部地区农民工主动回流的形成原因及对策建议

分析我国西部地区农民工返乡回流的动态特征,并探究西部地区农民工返乡回流的真实原因。研究结果表明,国际金融危机后期农民工流动呈现出较为明显的"主动回流"特征;政策累积效应、收入差距缩小、推拉力量重构、利益诉求多元、产业梯度转移和人口红利下降是西部地区农民工"主动回流"的原因。在此基础上,提出改善农民工的就业环境和切实保障农民工的合法权益等引导西部地区农民工合理有序流动的对策建议。     

重庆新生代农民工就业现状分析及对策建议

新生代农民工是指普遍拥有＂三高一低＂特征的1980年以后出生的特殊劳动力群体。重庆新生代农民工呈现出就业规模大,受教育层次低,就业行业多为加工制造业、服务型行业和建筑业,工资收入低,社会保障体系不完善,居住条件差等特点。作者对此提出了加大职业教育培训力度,进一步贯彻完善户籍制度改革,跟进落实和完善公租房建设计划,鼓励自主创业等对策建议。     

我国劳动力流动问题的理论模型

劳动力流动是伴随经济发展而出现的一种经济行为,我国劳动力流动有从农村向农村流动、从农村向城市流动、从城市向城市流动、从城市向农村流动4种形式.从农村流出地、城市流出地和城市流入地3个区域出发,基于不同技术行业中的企业视角,对劳动力自由流动前后的企业最优化行为进行建模,并对基本模型进行扩展.模型分析结果表明,与劳动力不能流动相比,劳动力自由流动将能够提高劳动力要素的配置效率,企业利润会更大,整个社会福利水平也会更高.面对当前我国劳动力流动的巨大压力,从国家整体利益来看,应该允许各受教育程度劳动力在国内充分自由的流动,实现劳动力要素的最优配置,继而提高企业利润,最终促进整体经济的长远发展.     

城镇化进程中的农村劳动力职业流动分析

在农村城镇化背景中对农村劳动力的职业流动进行考察分析,发现目前城乡割裂的二元户籍制度、城乡分割的二元就业管理体制以及城乡差别的二元社会保障制度制约着农村劳动力职业流动;提出促进农村劳动力的职业流动要有整体思路,按照城乡统筹原则和农村城镇化的思路制定有效的政策,建立劳动力转移就业机制以及完善教育体制。     

农村劳动力流动的对策和建议

促进农村劳动力流动,要转变政府管理理念,创新管理体制,提高公共服务能力。加强户籍管理、社会保障、就业与农村土地流转制度建设,健全法律规范。做好公共服务,保障流动农村劳动力子女平等接受义务教育,健全城市住房机制,促使流动劳动力扎根城市。完善宏观调控,优化产业结构,加快城市化和小城镇建设。加强劳动力培训,做好市场服务,防范劳动力流动风险,做好中年劳动力流动和劳动力国际流动。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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