真空蒸发制备（Cd,Zn）S薄膜及性能研究

用真空蒸发技术在玻璃衬底上获得了透明的（Ｃｄ,Ｚｎ）Ｓ薄膜,薄膜为纤锌矿结构,具有沿〔００２〕晶向的择优生长取向．薄膜的性能随Ａ值（Ａ＝ＺｎＳＺｎＳ＋ＣｄＳ）和蒸发条件而变化,薄膜为ｎ型材料,呈高阻状态,在可见光范围内有良好的透过率     

光声光谱法研究（Zn,Cd）（S,Se）发光材料的带隙

报道了采用自行设计组装的光声光谱(PAS)测量系统,直接测定无辐射过程,研究Ⅱ-Ⅵ族化合物粉末发光材料特性。测量了[CdS]_(1-x)[CdSe]_x和[ZnS]_(1-x)[CdS]_x 粉末固溶体带隙与材料制备组份重量百分比x的关系,结果表明,上述关系均呈非线性。     

Cd,Zn复合污染菜地土壤中重金属形态分布与植物有效性

采用盆栽试验,研究了干旱区绿洲土壤-胡萝卜系统中Cd,Zn的形态变化特征及其植物有效性.结果表明:供试绿洲土壤原状土中,Cd,Zn均以稳定的残渣态形式存在,而处理土壤中两种重金属残渣态质量分数变化很小,Cd主要以碳酸盐结合态形式存在,Zn主要以铁锰氧化态形式存在.两种元素的活性大小为CdZn.根据相关和回归分析,Zn对胡萝卜茎叶和总吸收Zn量贡献以碳酸盐结合态和铁锰氧化态为主,其中碳酸盐结合态贡献最大.     

The ultraviolet and blue luminescence properties of ZnO:Zn thin film

The ultraviolet (UV) and blue luminescence of Zn-rich zinc oxide thin film deposited by electron-beam evaporation have been investigated at room temperature (RT). We observed that the UV and blue electroluminescence (EL) emission band centered around 480 nm which is blue shifted in comparison with that of the ZnO thin film prepared by low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (LP MOCVD). The UV emission is much stronger than blue emission in the photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The field-induced ionization of excited luminescent centers of ZnO:Zn thin film at high electric field and the difference between PL and EL are discussed. The experiments show that the ZnO:Zn thin film provides a hopeful new mechanism to obtain UV and blue emission.     

新型多孔多胺化交联壳聚糖对镉(Ⅱ)吸附性能的研究

设计和制备了一种新型多孔多胺化壳聚糖 (P-CCTS)，用FTIR和X射线衍射法表征了产物的结构，研究了P-CCTS对镉(Ⅱ)离子的吸附性能，实验结果表明P-CCTS对镉(Ⅱ)离子有很强的吸附能力，在pH为6左右P-CCTS对镉(Ⅱ)离子的吸附能力最强，溶液中适量NaCl的存在能够显著提高P-CCTS对镉(Ⅱ)离子的吸附容量。     

Ag的掺杂量对Zn_(0.5)Cd_(0.5)S/Ag半导体材料光催化性能的影响

采用燃烧法制备了Zn0.5Cd0.5S/Ag半导体材料.利用X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),荧光分光光度计(PL)以及紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-vis)对所制备得到的样品进行了表征.研究了Ag的掺杂量对Zn0.5Cd0.5S/Ag半导体材料的结构、形貌、发光性能和光催化效果的影响.结果表明,Ag的掺杂量对样品的形貌基本没有影响,但是对样品的结构、发光性能以和光催化效果有着显著地影响.研究表明:随着Ag掺杂量的增加,半导体材料中出现了AgS杂相;另外,样品的发光强度逐渐降低;而当Ag的掺杂量为0.1时,所制备的Zn0.5Cd0.5S/Ag半导体材料对亚甲基蓝溶液(MB)的光催化效果最好.     

镉,锌及其复合污染对小麦种子根生长的影响

以小麦种子根为材料,研究了镉、锌及其复合污染对其生长及生理指标的影响。结果表明:0.05ppm镉和0.5ppm,5ppm锌对小麦种子根的生长及生理活性有促进作用;当镉浓度超过0.5ppm,锌浓度超过5ppm时,对生长及生理活性具有抑制作用.镉和锌的关系不仅与二者的浓度有关,而且还决定于〔Zn~(2+)〕/〔Cd~(2+)〕.当(Zn~(2+)〕/〔Cd~(2+)〕>10时,同一水平Zn处理中,〔Cd~(2+)〕的增大会减小其伤害,同一水平Cd~(2+)处理中,〔Zn~(2+)〕的增大会增强其伤害;当〔Zn~(2+)〕/〔Cd~(2+)〕<10时,同一水平锌处理中,〔Cd~(2+)〕的增大将增强其伤害,同一水平镉处理中,〔Zn~(2+)〕的增大将减小其伤害。     

I-V andC-V properties of TiO2 thin film by pulsed-laser reactive deposition

TiO-2 thin films have bee deposited on p-Si(111) substrates by pulsed-laser ablation of metallic Ti target in the O-3 ambient. The current-voltage and capacitance-voltage of the Al/TiO-2/Si capacitors are measured. The results show that the dielectric constant of thin film after being annealed at 700℃ is found to be 46, and the border trap density and the interface state density at the TiO-2/p-Si interface are 1.8×10 12 cm -2 and 2×10 12 eV -1·cm -2, respectively. The conduction mechanisms of as-deposited films are also discussed.     

利用蒸汽加压混凝土废料去除废水中的Cd(II)

蒸汽加压混凝土废料（AACW）是一种建材工业的废弃物,主要成分中含钙、铝、铁的氧化物,同时由于材料经过发泡具有较大的比表面积.本文以该废料研磨加工的粉末作为吸附剂,研究了废料对中3mg/L含Cd2+废水的去除效果.通过XRF,SEM,XRD手段探究了AACW的结构和性能,并研究了该材料在不同反应条件下对低浓度Cd2+的吸附性能.结果表明,当投加量为10 g/L,吸附时间为90 min时,Cd2+的去除率可达到97%.吸附反应符合Langmuir方程和拟二级动力学方程,且吸附过程中同时存在着物理吸附和化学吸附的机理.此外,AACW对工业污水中Cu 2+、 Pb2+和Zn2+等其它重金属离子表现出广泛的去除效果. 从建筑行业回收的AACW可以作为一种有应用前景的低成本吸附剂去除水溶液中的有毒重金属.     

Cu2ZnSnS4/Zn(O,S)异质结薄膜太阳电池的数值仿真研究

Zn(O,S)具有带隙宽、原料丰富且环保的优点,是一种很有潜力的CdS替代缓冲层。本文采用Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS)软件,对CZTS/Zn(O,S)/Al:ZnO 结构的薄膜太阳电池进行数值仿真,主要模拟研究Zn(O,S)的禁带宽度和电子亲和势、缓冲层的厚度及掺杂浓度、环境温度对电池性能的影响。结果表明：当Zn(O,S)的厚度和载流子浓度分别为50 nm和10₁₇ cm_-3时,电池的转换效率可达14.90％,温度系数为-0.021%/K。仿真结果为Zn(O,S)缓冲层用于CZTS太阳能电池提供了一定的指导。     

Structural and optical properties of Zn1−xNixTe thin films prepared by electron beam evaporation technique

Zn1-xNixTe thin films with different composition(x=0.0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20) were deposited on glass substrate by electron beam evaporation technique followed by its characterization using advanced structural and optical analysis techniques. Structural properties of the prepared thin films were studied by X-ray diffraction(XRD). The XRD patterns revealed that the binary compounds transformed into a ternary compound with cubic structure having preferred orientation along the c-direction with(111) planes. Composition analysis of the films was determined by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays(EDAX) and found to be in agreement with the precursor composition. Optical properties such as extinction coefficient(k) and band gap energy of these films were examined by using a spectroscopic ellipsometer. It was found that the extinction coefficient(k) increased with the addition of Ni content in the alloy. In comparison, the band gap energy was also determined by using transmission spectra and found to be agreed with that of the ellipsometric results. These analyses confirm that the band gap energy decreases with the increase of Ni content in the alloy.     

准分子激光沉积(Ba1-xSrx)TiO3铁电薄膜

通过准分子(308mm)激光将(Ba1-xSrx)TiO3(BST)薄膜剥离沉积在Si(100)基片上.随着沉积温度的增加,BST薄膜的结晶性显著提高.在600 ℃附近沉积的BST薄膜(400 nm)有良好的结晶性,介电常数为300,损耗因子为0.015,漏电流密度达到2×10-10 A/cm2,电荷存储密度QC为35 fC/μm2(外电场12.5 kV/cm).研究了MFS结构的C-V特性和I-V特性,BST/Si之间存在很好的界面,表现出良好的电性能.     

赤泥-黄土协同净化含Cd(Ⅱ)酸性矿井废水

为改善固体废弃物赤泥(red mud, RM)对含Cd(Ⅱ)酸性矿井废水(acid mine drainage, AMD)的净化能力,采用RM和天然黄土(loess, L)协同处理含Cd(Ⅱ)-AMD。通过批试验探究了RM和L的质量比、初始pH、接触时间、投加量和颗粒粒径对RM和L混合材料(RM-L)处理AMD效果的影响。结果表明：L显著改善了RM-L对酸性溶液的pH缓冲能力,降低碳酸盐结合态Cd(Ⅱ)的占比。RM-L协同处理含Cd(Ⅱ)-AMD的最优质量比为7∶3。增加最优质量比下RM-L(RM-L₇₃)的投加量和减小RM-L₇₃的颗粒粒径均能够提高Cd(Ⅱ)的去除效率。对于初始浓度为100 mg/L和初始pH=3的AMD,8 g/L的RM-L₇₃对Cd(Ⅱ)的去除率可达99.2%,并能够将AMD的pH提高至8.0。通过扫描电镜(scanning electron microscope,SEM)和X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)发现RM和L混合后的RM-L₇₃颗粒具有良好的...     

Structural and spectroscopic analysis of wurtzite (ZnO)1-x(Sb2O3)x composite semiconductor

The structural, vibrational and impedance analysis for(Zn O)1 x(Sb2O3)xcomposite synthesized by solid state reaction technique were carried out in the present investigation. X-ray diffraction(XRD) study showed that(Zn O)1 x(Sb2O3)xcomposite has hexagonal(wurtzite) crystal structure. Variation in lattice constants with Sb-doping indicated the proper incorporation of Sb dopant in Zn O host matrix. The results of Raman spectroscopy test suggested the signature of E2(high) and E1(TO) Raman modes, and verified the wurtzite structure of(Zn O)1 x(Sb2O3)x composite. Two additional phonon bands(671, 712) cm 1appeared in Raman spectra of composite samples due to the existence of the lattice defects caused by Sb doping or may be other intrinsic lattice defects formed during the synthesis of(Zn O)1 x(Sb2O3)xcomposite. The frequency dependent on the electrical characteristics, such as, impedance(Z), dielectric constant(ε) and AC conductivity(σ) have been studied in a range of frequencies for different Sb concentration at room temperature. The electrical measurement results showed that the impedance increased with Sb dopant concentration, while dielectric constant and AC conductivity decreased with Sb dopant concentration.     

Cd(Ⅱ)对多环芳烃降解菌Bacillus sp.P1产酶及酶促降解过程影响研究

为研究重金属对多环芳烃降解过程中降解菌产酶及酶促降解过程的影响,本实验以菲和Cd(II)为代表物质,探究了多环芳烃降解菌Bacillus sp.P1降解菲的过程中,不同浓度Cd(II)对Bacillus sp.P1产生的蛋白浓度、组成及降解菲程中的关键开环酶邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶酶活以及其对菲酶促降解率的影响.结果表明,Cd(II)对Bacillus sp.P1的产酶过程和酶促降解过程均有抑制作用:当Cd(II)浓度由0mg/L增加到150mg/L时,蛋白分子条带的表达量明显减少,胞外蛋白及胞内蛋白条带总浓度分别由8.37×106,1.54×107降至5.49×106,6.01×106(Gelpro软件分析值);且当体系中Cd(II)浓度由0mg/L增加到300mg/L时,胞外和胞内酶中的邻苯二酚2,3-双加氧酶酶活分别由266.96,886.30U/mg下降至38.93,290.26U/mg;且胞外酶和胞内酶对菲的酶促降解率分别由79.86%,87.96%下降至64.59%,74.83%.以上实验结果共同表明Cd(II)对降解菌Bacillus sp.P1的产酶过程及酶促降解过程的影响是其影响多环芳烃降解菌降解能力的重要机制.     

Photo-induced degradation of Ru（Ⅱ） complex absorbed on anatase TiO2 thin film electrode

Photo-induced degradation of a monolayer of Ru（Ⅱ） complex absorbed on anatase TiO2 thin film was studied by using resonant micro-Raman spectroscopy. Under intense light radiation of a laser and in the absence of a reducing agent, the dye decomposed quickly. When the dye-sensitized TiO2 thin film electrode was covered by a reducing agent, namely the I^-/I3^- redox couple, the photo-induced decomposing rate was slowed by a factor of -10^6. In both cases, the dye decomposed with time under an exponential law.     

掺杂Ce4+,Nb5+离子的邻苯二甲酸锌的光谱研究

应用微波反应方法制备掺杂Ce4+,Nb5+离子的邻苯二甲酸锌化合物 ,采用XRD、FT -IR、DRSUV VIS和荧光光谱对其结构进行分析表征 .研究表明 ,在Zn(PHT)∶0 .1Nb和Zn(PHT)∶0 .1Nb∶0 .1Ce中 ,Zn(PHT)和CeO2 或Nb2 O5之间存在很强的相互作用 .     

射频磁控溅射透明ZnO薄膜的退火性质分析

采用射频(RF)磁控溅射法在玻璃衬底上制备了c轴择优取向的ZnO薄膜。对所制备的ZnO薄膜在空气气氛中进行不同温度(350~600℃)的退火处理。利用XRD研究退火对ZnO薄膜晶体性能和应力状态的影响;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察薄膜的表面形貌;用分光光谱仪测试薄膜的透光率。研究表明,随退火温度的升高,ZnO薄膜(002)衍射峰强度不断增强,半高宽逐渐减小;ZnO薄膜中沿c轴方向存在着的张应力在500℃退火时得到松弛;退火处理后薄膜的平均透光率变化不大,但透射光谱出现了“红移”现象。     

Electrical bistable characteristics of poly（phenylene sulfide） thin film deposited by thermal evaporation

Poly（phenylene sulfide） （PPS） is a well-known organic insulator. However, the PPS thin film, deposited by thermal evaporation in vacuum, showed electrical bistable characteristics. The structure of the PPS thin-film device was glass/ITOIPPS （300 nm）/Au. The thin film can be converted to a high conductance state by applying a pulse of 80 V （5 s）, and brought back to a low conductance state by applying a pulse of 100 V （5 s）. This kind of thin film is potential for active layer of a memory device. The critical voltage of the device is about 40 V, while the read-out voltage is 5 V. We tentatively ascribe the bistable phenomenon to the charge transfer from S to C atoms in the PPS molecule chains.     

用RAS模型估算半磁半导体Cd_（1－x）Mn_xTe富碲溶液蒸汽压

Ｃｄ１－ｘＭｎｘＴｅ富碲溶液的平衡蒸汽压是设计优化生长装置和获得最佳生长条件所不可缺少的．本文用缔合规则溶液（ＲＡＳ）模型估算了Ｃｄ１－ｘＭｎｘＴｅ富碲溶液的平衡蒸汽压，并且和实验结果进行了定性比较．