银离子注入对TiN薄膜和热解碳抗菌性能的影响

用格兰氏阳性金黄葡萄球菌和格兰氏阴性大肠杆菌,研究了银离子注入TiN薄膜和热解碳的抗菌性.银离子注入能量为70 keV,注入剂量为5×1014~5×1016ions/cm2.对样品表面和近表面层进行了扫描电镜(SEM)、背散射(RBS)和俄歇分析(AES).结果表明,银离子注入后TiN薄膜和热解碳均具有抗菌性,其注入热解碳的抗菌率比注入TiN薄膜的抗菌率高.微观分析的结果表明材料的表面形貌、结构和银的分布是影响抗菌性的主要原因.     

超纯铁素体不锈钢中TiN析出的动力学分析

采用动力学的方法研究超纯铁素体不锈钢凝固过程中Ti、N的偏析及冷却速率对TiN夹杂析出的影响。结果表明,超纯铁素体不锈钢凝固过程中,Ti的富集程度稍低于N;凝固末期残余液相中[Ti]和[N]的浓度分别提高至其初始浓度的2.5倍和3.2倍;随着钢液的逐渐凝固,析出的TiN颗粒尺寸增大;随着冷却速率的增大,析出的TiN颗粒尺寸减小,但析出时间几乎不受影响,冷却速率分别为10、20、30K/s时,TiN颗粒尺寸分别为7.1、4.8、3.9μm;其他条件相同时,随着钢中初始Ti含量或N含量的减少,凝固析出的TiN颗粒尺寸减小且析出时间推迟;相比Ti含量对TiN夹杂尺寸的影响,N含量的影响更为显著。     

TiN 膜吸附机理及工艺的研究

探讨了ＴｉＮ膜的吸附机理、吸附条件以及空余键力在真空镀膜中的应用。介绍了ＴｉＮ膜的特性，制备及应用前景，包括在加硬膜、耐蚀膜、装饰膜、阻挡膜及光学膜等方面的应用。     

超纯铁素体不锈钢中TiN夹杂析出的热力学分析

为了控制TiN夹杂对材料性能的不利影响,对TiN在超纯铁素体不锈钢冶炼和凝固过程中析出的热力学条件进行分析。结果表明,在Cr含量为16%～23%的条件下,超纯铁素体不锈钢的最佳钛含量为0.1%～0.3%;当w（Ti）=0.3%时,将w（N）控制在0.004 6%以下才能避免在液相区中生成TiN夹杂;超纯铁素体不锈钢凝固过程中钛的富集程度稍低于氮;凝固末期残余液相中[Ti]和[N]的浓度分别提高到其初始浓度的2.5倍和3.2倍;随着钢液的逐渐凝固,凝固前沿温度和凝固前沿钛氮平衡浓度积下降,凝固前沿钛氮实际浓度积升高;降低钢中氮含量能推迟TiN析出时间,使TiN夹杂在凝固末期形成,可减小TiN夹杂尺寸,减少其析出数量。     

载银细菌纳米纤维素膜的抗菌评价

通过原位还原合成法,利用细菌纳米纤维素膜制备了载单质银抗菌膜,并以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌为试验菌种,通过抑菌圈法、定时暴露法(改良的AATCC100法)对载银纳米纤维素膜进行抗菌性能测试.抑菌圈试验结果显示:载银纳米纤维素膜在3种细菌涂布的平板上都有明显的抑菌圈出现,金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌圈分别约为11,3和2.6mm.载银纳米纤维素膜作用于金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的抑菌率分别可达99.99%,99.98%及99.87%,证明该载银膜对3种细菌都有显著的抗菌效果.该研究结果表明载银纳米纤维素抗菌膜在创伤敷料领域具有很好的应用潜力.     

前躯体对载银二氧化钛粉体结构和抗菌性能的影响

分别以偏钛酸和正钛酸前躯体制备载银二氧化钛粉体,采用TG-DSC,XRD和SEM研究前驱体对粉体的结构、形貌及抗菌性能的影响.研究结果表明:载体偏钛酸结合水较少,煅烧后晶化程度高,更容易形成稳定的金红石相;当煅烧条件相同时,以偏钛酸前躯体制备的粉体颗粒小且均匀,无明显团聚,而以正钛酸前躯体制备的粉体颗粒则团聚严重,颗粒粗大且不均匀;2种粉体中载入的银均以硫酸银的形式存在;含银量相同的载银二氧化钛,以偏钛酸前躯体制各的粉体抗菌活性强,但水浸渍一段时间后,抗菌活性明显降低.而以正钛酸前躯体制备的粉体的色泽稳定性和长效抗菌性较好.     

金刚石覆镀TiN膜的工艺改进及效果

阐明了金刚石覆盖的最佳途径———真空离子覆镀TiN膜。同时通过对从清洗、轰击、到物料的振动与翻滚等全部工艺过程的论述 ,说明了金刚石覆镀TiN膜的实施过程。通过结果讨论 ,说明金刚石覆镀TiN膜后的综合性能明显优于未镀和其它覆镀的性能。     

注Cr对质子交换膜燃料电池不锈钢双极板腐蚀行为的影响

应用金属蒸气真空弧(MEVVA)离子注入技术,在316L不锈钢表面注Cr改性,对改性层化学成分和微观结构进行表征分析,运用电化学测试技术考察其在模拟质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)环境中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:不锈钢表面形成富Cr改性层,Cr离子浓度沿纵向呈梯度分布且无界面,改性层厚度随加速电压升高而增大;Cr离子浓度随离子注量的增加而增大;不锈钢表面粗糙度降低、致密度增大,有利于腐蚀电流的降低;不锈钢在阴阳两极模拟加速腐蚀环境下均更易钝化,腐蚀倾向大幅度降低,可有效提高耐腐蚀性。     

载银羟基磷灰石的制备及抗菌性能

利用微弧氧化及水热合成在钛片、钛合金基体上制备二氧化钛羟基磷灰石复合涂层,然后利用电子束及离子注入对此涂层进行改性,制备了具有抗菌性能的载银羟基磷灰石复合涂层.借助X射线衍射、扫描电镜对样品进行了分析.最后针对大肠杆菌和金葡萄球菌对载银羟基磷灰石涂层进行了抗菌实验,抗菌效果良好.     

金刚石覆镀TiN膜的工艺改进及效果

阐明了金刚石覆盖的最佳途径－真空离子覆镀TiN膜。同时通过对从清洗、轰击、到物料的振动与翻滚等全部工艺过程的论述，说明了金刚石覆镀TiN膜的实施过程。通过结果讨论，说明金刚石覆镀TiN膜后的综合性能明显优于未镀和其它覆镀的性能。     

Antibacterial and corrosive properties of copper implanted austenitic stainless steel

Copper ions were implanted into austenitic stainless steel (SS) by metal vapor vacuum arc with a energy of 100 keV and an ions dose range of (0.5-8.0)×1017 cm-2. The Cu-implanted SS was annealed in an Ar atmosphere furnace. Glancing X-ray diffraction (GXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) were used to reveal the phase compositions, microstructures, and concentration profiles of copper ions in the implanted layer. The results show that the antibacterial property of Cu-implanted SS is attributed to Cu_9.9Fe_0.1, which precipitated as needles. The depth of copper in Cu-implanted SS with annealing treatment is greater than that in Cu-implanted SS without annealing treatment, which improves the antibacterial property against S. aureus. The salt wetting-drying combined cyclic test was used to evaluate the corrosion-resistance of antibacterial SS, and the results reveal that the antibacterial SS has a level of corrosion-resistance equivalent to that of un-implanted SS.     

医用不锈钢表面TiN薄膜的组织结构和力学性能研究

为改善医用不锈钢的耐磨性,采用反应磁控溅射在304不锈钢表面沉积了TiN薄膜,研究了Ti过渡层沉积时间对TiN薄膜微观结构和力学性能的影响。通过Ｘ射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、纳米压痕仪、FST1000型薄膜应力测试仪、HSR-2M摩擦磨损试验机和WS-2005型涂层附着力自动划痕仪对样品进行微观组织表征和力学性能测试。结果表明,当Ti过渡层沉积时间为20 min,Ti过渡层厚度为340 nm时,TiN薄膜结晶性最强,硬度和弹性模量达到最大值,分别为21.6 GPa和327.5 GPa,平均摩擦因数达到最小值0.45,临界载荷达到最大值24.7 N,TiN薄膜的力学性能、摩擦性能以及与基体的结合力达到最优。进一步延长Ti过渡层的沉积时间,TiN薄膜的柱状晶组织粗化、力学性能、摩擦性能以及与基体的结合力均降低。     

Passivation method of 317L stainless steel used in medicine

The electrochemical performance of 317L stainless steel used in medicine under different conditions of passivation (different contents of HNO₃ solution, different passivation time and different passivation temperatures) was studied. The results show that the pitting potential of 317L stainless steel used in medicine can reach about 1.0 V (SCE) when electrochemically tested in 0.9% NaCl solution after the steel was passivated in 30% HNO₃ solution at 35℃ for 6 h, which indicates that the passivation film has a relatively strong resistance to corrosion. The results also show that the corrosion resistance of the passivation film on the surface of 317SS can be increased after suitable amount of K₂Cr₂O₇ is added into HNO₃ passivation solution.     

316L不锈钢在醋酸溶液中的钝化膜电化学性质

通过电化学阻抗方法测量316L不锈钢在25～85 ℃的醋酸溶液中的EIS曲线和Mott-Schottky曲线,并测量各温度点下的循环伏安曲线,研究了钝化膜的电化学性质. 研究结果表明:在醋酸溶液中的阻抗谱表明316L不锈钢在25～85 ℃温度范围内均能形成稳定的钝化膜,随温度升高极化阻力下降而界面电容增大. 温度对于316L不锈钢钝化膜的半导体本征性质没有根本的影响:在-0.5～0.1 V电位区间内钝化膜呈p型半导体特征;在0.1～0.9 V电位区间内钝化膜呈n型半导体特征;在0.9～1.1 V电位区间内钝化膜呈p型半导体特征. 钝化膜的循环伏安曲线显示当温度低于55 ℃时,钝化膜结构比较稳定;当温度为55 ℃时,钝化膜稳定性趋向恶化;当温度超过55 ℃时,钝化膜稳定性下降.     

Improvement of corrosion performance of 316L stainless steel via PVTMS/henna thin film

Metallic materials are the most used materials as orthopedic or dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties. However they are not able to create a natural bonding with the mineralized bone and occasionally suffer localized corrosion. This work describes the electrochemical behavior of a hybrid sol–gel thin film with the addition of green inhibitor. These films enhance the ability of the implant to make a union with the existing bone and improve its resistance to aggressive environment. An ethanol solution of the polymerized vinyltrimethoxysilane (PVTMS) was mixed with an aqueous solution of henna extract (Lawsonia inermis) and refluxed to give homogeneous sols. Nanostructure hybrid PVTMS/henna thin films were deposited on the stainless steel 316L by spin-coating. The morphology, composition and adhesion of hybrid sol–gel coatings have been examined by SEM, EDX and pull-off test, respectively. Addition of high additive concentrations (0.1%) did not disorganize the sol–gel network. Direct pull-off test recorded a mean coating-substrate bonding strength larger than 20.6 MPa for the hybrid sol–gel coating. The effect of henna extract, with various added concentrations from 0.012% to 0.1%, on the anticorrosion properties of sol–gel films have been characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization tests in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution and has been compared to the bare metal. Henna extract additions (0.05%) have significantly increased the corrosion protection of the sol–gel thin film to higher than 90%. The in vitro bioactivity of prepared films indicates that hydroxyapatite nuclei can form and grow on the surface of the doped sol–gel thin films. The present study shows that due to their excellent anticorrosion properties, bioactivity and bonding strength to substrate, doped sol–gel thin films are practical hybrid films in biomedical applications.     

不锈钢管道溅射镀TiN薄膜实验研究

在不锈钢管道溅射镀膜装置上，通过对不锈钢管道真空室进行溅射镀TiN膜的反复多次实验及对镀膜实验结果的分析，得到了一整套适用于加速器管道真空室内壁溅射镀TiN膜的表面处理参数．实验结果表明，在压强为80～90Pa、基体温度为160～180℃的镀膜参数下，不锈钢管道内壁能获得符合加速器物理要求的TiN薄膜．     

钨离子注入多晶不锈钢引发亚结构变化的研究

利用透射电子显微镜弱束成像技术研究了钨离子注入经１１５０℃固溶处理的奥氏体不锈钢（１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ）的横截面样品，发现离子辐照引发被注入材料亚结构变化的深度远大于离子体身的注入深度，钨离子注入多晶奥氏体不锈钢中位错密度沿位入深度有一个峰值。位错密度峰值处的亚结构，在多个晶体学倒易矢量显现。其他区域位错显像有方向性；在最密排面上易于显像，其他的矢量方向大多隐像。     

MPCVD金刚石薄膜形貌与晶向

以甲烷、氢气做为气源,利用微波等离子气相沉积的方法在硅片上沉积金刚石薄膜。研究了不同浓度的甲烷对金刚石薄膜形貌和晶向的影响。结果表明:当甲烷浓度为2.44%时,金刚石薄膜晶粒尺寸小,晶形较差,晶面取向以(111)、(220)面为主;甲烷浓度为0.50%时,金刚石薄膜晶粒尺寸较大,晶粒棱角分明,晶面取向以(111)面为主。     

银离子注入TiN薄膜的抗菌性和抗腐蚀性研究

为了制备具有抗菌性和抗腐蚀性的医用不锈钢,通过离子注入方法,在镀有TiN薄膜的医用不锈钢317L上注入银离子,用振荡平板法测试了其对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌(E.coil)和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)的抗菌率;用电化学腐蚀方法检测了薄膜在Hank's模拟体液中的耐腐蚀性能;通过X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和俄歇电子能谱(AES)分析了薄膜的结构特征和各元素的深度分布.结果表明,当离子注入剂量接近饱和注入剂量时,样品的抗菌性能最强,但其抗腐蚀性相应下降.