蝶骨嵴内侧型脑膜瘤的显微手术治疗

目的：探讨蝶骨嵴内侧型脑膜瘤的手术方法．方法：通过收集2000-01～2008-06手术治疗的29例蝶骨嵴内侧型脑膜瘤患者．采用翼点为中心的颞额入路．对手术方法和效果进行分析总结．结果：全部病例均通过显微手术方法切除．全切除21例,次全切除8例．术后并发尿崩2例,经术后治疗,痊愈;动眼神经麻痹2例．经治疗,1例1个月后恢复,1例未恢复;视力恢复12例,好转7例,无恢复或加重2例．死亡1例,死亡原因为血管痉挛大面积脑梗塞．结论：通过显微手术治疗蝶骨嵴内侧型脑膜瘤,能够最大限度保护神经、血管及重要脑组织,提高肿瘤全切率及手术疗效．     

内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗及伽玛刀治疗

目的:探讨显微外科手术和伽玛刀治疗内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的有效性.方法:回顾性分析39例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的临床病例资料,采用翼点或改良翼点入路者30例,额下入路者5例,额颞眶颧入路者4例,复发的5例及未全切的8例患者接受伽玛刀治疗.结果:肿瘤全切(SimpsonⅠ级及SimpsonⅡ级)率为69.2%(27/39),次全切(SimpsonⅢ级)率为20.5%(8/39),部分切除(SimpsonⅣ级)率为10.3%(4/39).复发6例,其中5例接受伽玛刀治疗,控制率为60%(3例),SimpsonⅢ级+Ⅳ级切除12例,其中8例患者接受伽玛刀治疗,肿瘤控制率为75%(6例).随访4个月～8年,平均45个月,预后优良32例,一般4例,差3例,死亡1例.术前视力视野障碍的21例患者有7例术后视力明显改善,9例无明显变化,5例恶化,术前偏瘫或偏侧感觉障碍的7例患者中6例术后有改善,1例加重,术前动眼神经麻痹的6例患者有1例改善,2例无明显变化,3例恶化.术后新出现动眼神经麻痹的患者6例,意识障碍3例,出现对侧肢体偏瘫1例,语言功能障碍1例,精神异常1例,嗅觉丧失1例.结论:内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤能否全切与肿瘤的位置、大小、质地、瘤周水肿程度、与海绵窦、颈内动脉等的关系有关;术中CUSA与等离子刀的应用,可提高肿瘤全切率;伽玛刀是处理肿瘤术后残余或复发的安全有效措施.     

岩斜区脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗(附22例报告)

目的:探讨显微手术切除岩斜区脑膜瘤的手术方法,总结临床治疗经验.方法:通过回顾性分析我科1997年8月至2007年2月经显微切除22例岩斜区脑膜瘤的临床资料,主要采用岩骨乙状窦前入路、颞下经小脑幕入路、乙状窦后入路、幕上下联合入路4种入路.结果:肿瘤全切除15例(68.1%);5例次全切;2例大部分切除;无严重并发症发生.结论:术前充分准备、选择合适手术入路和娴熟显微外科技术可以提高岩斜区脑膜瘤的切除率,减少并发症的发生、降低病残率.     

神经内镜辅助下显微手术治疗桥小脑角区病变

目的：总结在神经内镜辅助下经乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗桥小脑角区病变的经验并探讨其实用性及其优势．方法：对76例桥小脑角区病变采取神经内镜辅助经乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗．结果：25例听神经瘤全切并面神经解剖保留率100％,功能保留率92％;21例表皮样囊肿及8例脑膜瘤全切除;6例半面肌痉挛治愈;9例三叉神经痛术后发作性疼痛消失;7例Meniere病治愈．无术后并发症及死亡．结论：在神经内镜辅助下经乙状窦后入路显微手术治疗桥小脑角区病变,有利于保护小脑、脑干、神经和血管,减少并发症,降低手术风险性,提高手术疗效．     

经鼻-蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤的显微手术治疗

目的 探讨经鼻-蝶入路显微手术治疗垂体腺瘤的方法和效果.方法 回顾性总结经蝶入路显微切除5例垂体腺瘤病人的病例资料.微腺瘤2例,大腺瘤3例.结果 手术全切5例,效果良好.结论 经鼻-蝶入路显微手术治疗垂体腺瘤是一种安全、可行的治疗方法.     

大型垂体腺瘤“经颅、经眶(经筛)、经蝶入路”的手术研究

对２５例大型垂体腺瘤采用经颅、经眶（经筛）及经蝶扩大切除骨瓣入路的新显微手术方法．结果：肿瘤全切者１６例（６４．０％），次全切者７例（２８％），部分切除者２例（８％）．本组病例术后常规给予放射治疗，临床症状与内分泌功能于术后复查均恢复至正常范围或明显改善，经过１～５．５年追踪尚未见复发者．此术式将经颅与经蝶两种入路于鞍结节处融合成一个大术野，扩大了手术视野，缩短了手术入路，有利于显微手术切除大型垂体腺瘤，提高了全切率．     

椎弓根钉技术在胸腰段椎管内肿瘤治疗中的应用

目的探讨经后路椎板切除摘除胸腰段椎管内肿瘤,同时行椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合后对提高脊柱的稳定性的临床疗效。方法采用后正中入路显微切除椎管肿瘤后应用椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合技术进行椎管重建12例,其中,肿瘤位于胸段7例,腰段5例。结果随访9个月~5年观察效果,X线平片显示手术区植骨全部骨性融合,脊柱稳定。结论采用后正中入路显微切除胸腰段椎管肿瘤后应用椎弓根螺钉内固定植骨融合技术,能够维持手术后脊柱的稳定性,防止远期后凸畸形的发生。     

大型垂体腺瘤“经颅,经眶（经筛）,经蝶入路”的手…

对２５例大型垂体腺瘤采用经颅，经眶（经筛）及经蝶扩大切除骨瓣入路的新显微手术方法，结果：肿瘤全切１６例（６４．０％），次全切７例（２８％），部分切除２例（８％）。本组病例术后常规给予放射治疗，临床症状与内分泌功能于术后复查均恢复至正常范围或明显改善，经过１－５．５年追踪尚未见复发，此术式将经颅与经蝶两种入路于鞍结节处融合成一个人术野，扩大了手术视野，缩短了手术入路，有利于显微手术切除在型竽     

显微外科治疗颅内动脉瘤临床探讨

目的：探讨显微外科治疗颅内动脉瘤的方法和效果．方法：采用显微外科经翼点入路颅内动脉瘤夹闭术，手术患者7例，夹闭动脉瘤10例．结果：手术成功率100％，出院时或术后1～3月复诊评定疗效．5例痊愈（工作和生活能力正常），1例部分偏瘫和语言稍有笨拙，1例死亡为术前和术后严重脑血管痉挛致脑缺血死亡．结论：显微外科经翼点入路颅内动脉瘤夹闭术是治疗颅内动脉瘤一种安全、微创、有效的治疗方法．同时．夹闭动脉瘤颈是最理想的方法，应属首选．因它既不阻断载瘤动脉，又完全彻底消除了动脉瘤．     

36例咽旁间隙肿瘤的治疗

目的:了解咽旁间隙的解剖结构,提高咽旁间隙肿瘤手术治疗水平。方法:回顾分析我科咽旁间隙肿瘤病人的临床表现、影像资料、手术方法、术后并发症,术后随访6月-3年。结果:完整切除肿瘤34例,2例为部分切除。良性肿瘤31例,恶性肿瘤5例。结论:手术切除是治疗咽旁间隙肿瘤的主要方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the