MF/PAN纤维的制备及其力学与阻燃性能

将三聚氰胺甲醛(MF)溶液与聚丙烯腈(PAN)溶液共混,采用湿法纺丝制备MF/PAN纤维.由光学显微镜、旋转黏度仪、元素分析仪、能谱仪(EDS)等测定可知,当MF/PAN混合溶液在60℃下反应时间为16h,三聚氰胺与甲醛摩尔比(M/F)为1∶3时,溶液性能最佳.湿法纺丝时调节喷头拉伸率和沸水拉伸倍数,制得了不同的MF/PAN纤维,并采用红外光谱仪、元素分析仪、极限氧指数(LOI)仪、扫描电子显微镜、热重分析仪和纤维强伸度仪对制得的纤维结构和性能进行表征.发现:当喷头拉伸率为-50%、沸水拉伸倍率为3.0时,制得的MF/PAN纤维具有较高的力学性能和优异的阻燃性能,即纤维拉伸断裂强度为1.17cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为8.80%,纤维极限氧指数达34.2%.     

烧毛轧光后整理对针刺非织造布性能的影响

烧毛轧光后整理会对针刺非织造材料的性能产生一定影响,研究后整理工艺对材料性能的影响有利于优化工艺参数,提高材料的综合性能.选取涤纶、玻璃纤维、聚苯硫醚(PPS)这3种纤维原料的非织造布试样进行烧毛和烧毛-轧光整理,并测试试样的透气性、强力、孔径、过滤效率.研究结果表明:烧毛-轧光整理后3种试样的透气率分别下降了31.6%,8.3%和42.2%;整理后试样的孔径上升较大,强力则变化不大,但过滤效率达到了99.99%,从而可有效地过滤细小颗粒.     

季戊四醇磷酸酯蜜胺盐阻燃剂的合成及其在聚乙烯中的应用

采用磷酸、P2O5、季戊四醇、三聚氰胺为原料合成季戊四醇磷酸酯蜜胺盐阻燃剂.根据该阻燃剂的膨胀度、剩炭率及吸水率,确定最优合成条件为:n(聚磷酸)∶n(季戊四醇)∶n(三聚氰胺)=3∶1∶1;中间产品的合成温度100℃,合成时间120 min;固化温度200℃,固化时间120min.阻燃剂各组分物质的量比为3∶1∶1时的膨胀体系效果最好,其膨胀率为121.5 cm3/g,剩炭率63.6%,吸水率5.5%.该阻燃剂应用于聚乙烯中,以氧指数法、水平燃烧法考察了聚乙烯膨胀阻燃体系的阻燃性能.结果表明,膨胀度、剩炭率可以反映膨胀型阻燃剂在聚乙烯中的阻燃效果.以m(阻燃剂)∶m(聚乙烯)=30∶70混合,可使复合材料达到水平阻燃级别FH-1,氧指数29,自熄时间30 s,具有良好的阻燃效果.     

新型阻燃低密度聚乙烯材料的制备及性能研究

为了改善传统膨胀阻燃材料耐水性差的问题,将一种新型大分子三嗪系成炭剂(CFA)与包裹聚磷酸铵( MCAPP)复配,通过熔融共混法制备新型无卤膨胀阻燃低密度聚乙烯复合材料(LDPE),并研究成炭剂CFA与MCAPP组成的膨胀阻燃剂对LDPE的阻燃性能、热性能以及耐水性能的影响,探求CFA与MCAPP之间的最佳复配比例.实验结果表明,当CFA与MCAPP的比例为1∶3时,此种新型无卤膨胀阻燃低密度聚乙烯复合材料具有优良的阻燃性能、热稳定性能以及耐水性能.     

新型磷腈阻燃剂对环氧树脂的阻燃应用研究

以三乙烯四胺(TETA)、环氧树脂(E-51)、单环氧化合物(AGE)为原料,在物料摩尔比(TETA:E-51:AGE)为1∶0.5∶1,反应温度为60℃,反应时间为4h的工艺条件下制备的水性环氧固化剂,与环氧乳液均匀混合,合成了一种新型环氧树脂涂料。分别将5%(wt,质量分数,同下),10%,15%,20%的磷腈阻燃剂添加到制备的环氧树脂涂料混合,并通过耐盐雾、耐水、极限氧指数、热重分析等测试研究阻燃涂料的综合涂膜性能、阻燃性能及热性能。结果表明:水性环氧固化剂与自制环氧乳液和添加10%磷腈阻燃剂混合涂膜,极限氧指数值从19.8提高至28,改善了环氧树脂的阻燃性能。     

季戊四醇二磷酸酯二磷酰氯缩乙二醇在阻燃环氧树脂中的应用

以季戊四醇、三氯氧磷为原料,采用无溶剂法首先合成了季戊四醇二磷酸酯二磷酰氯(PDD),当n(季戊四醇)∶n(三氧氧磷)=1∶5时,PDD收率约为82％；然后以PDD和乙二醇为原料,以DMF为溶剂,合成了季戊四醇二磷酸酯二磷酰氯缩乙二醇(PDDE).研究了影响反应的因素,得出了最佳工艺条件.采用红外、元素分析对产物进行表征,并通过TGA和DSC测试阻燃材料的热性能.将PDDE用于阻燃环氧树脂,当添加量达到30％时,氧指数达到32％.     

微波活化废旧胶粉/丁苯胶复合阻燃橡胶板的研究

利用微波活化处理的废旧胶粉与丁苯胶及助剂、阻燃剂进行混炼制备混合胶,再在热压机上硫化制得阻燃橡胶产品.对产品进行力学性能测定、差热分析、氧指数测定、水平燃烧测定.实验结果表明：质量比活化胶粉∶丁苯胶∶复合阻燃剂∶助剂为11∶18∶16∶4时,阻燃橡胶产品的极限氧指数为24%,水平燃烧性能达到GB标准,拉伸强度（Tbs）...     

煤矿井下新型水力压裂封孔材料优化及封孔参数研究

针对目前煤矿井下水力压裂钻孔封孔材料易收缩、密封效果差、成本高及封孔长度不合理等问题,研究出一种由水泥、早强减水剂、聚丙烯纤维和拌合水组成的新型水力压裂封孔材料;通过室内实验优化出收缩率和抗压强度最优时的封孔材料配比及压裂钻孔封孔参数,建立新材料承压能力与封孔长度的计算关系式,并进行现场验证.结果表明,新材料的最优配比为m(水泥)∶m(水)∶m(早强减水剂)∶m(聚丙烯纤维)=1∶0.6∶0.03∶0.005;当钻孔孔径一定时,材料承压能力与封孔长度呈线性关系,现场实验结果与封孔参数计算关系基本一致,该新材料是一种性能好、成本低廉以及操作配比简单的水力压裂封孔材料.     

硅油改性ABS阻燃性能研究

研究硅油及脂肪酸盐复配制备无卤阻燃的ABS材料.考察了不同硅油对ABS阻燃性能的影响,不同脂肪酸盐与硅油的协效阻燃作用.研究结果表明,氨基硅油对ABS的阻燃效果明显,硬脂酸镁对硅油的协效阻燃作用最大.当m(氨基硅油):m(硬脂酸镁)=1∶2,添加5 PHR时,ABS阻燃材料的氧指数达到31.3.     

表面改性赤泥协同阻燃聚丙烯的研究

为了提高聚丙烯(PP)材料的阻燃性能,用硬脂酸对赤泥(RM)进行表面改性后添加到聚丙烯中,制备出PP/表面改性赤泥(MRM)复合材料,并研究了将表面改性后的赤泥与微胶囊红磷(MRP)、氢氧化镁(MH)、氢氧化铝(ATH)、三聚氰胺(MEL)、聚磷酸铵(APP)、氧化锑(Sb_2O_3)、氧化锌(ZnO)进行复配的效果。结果表明,表面改性后的赤泥(MRM)具有更优的加工性能,与PP基体间的相容性更好;在PP基体中添加50份MRM所制得的PP/MRM复合材料的熔融指数比PP/RM复合材料高20.08 g/10 min;MRM与MRP、MH、ATH、MEL、APP、Sb_2O_3阻燃剂进行复配后可以较好地改善PP复合材料的阻燃性能;当PP∶MRM∶MRP∶(MH+ATH)∶MEL∶APP∶Sb_2O_3为100∶95∶10∶25∶20∶20∶20时,PP复合材料的阻燃性能最佳,其氧指数和垂直燃烧等级分别达到29.1%和V-0级。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that