利用动态生产数据判断储层非均质性

目前我国大部分油田经历了数十年的生产现已进入高含水开发阶段,部分地区储层非均质性明显,导致油田的开发投资、成本增加,经济、社会效益大大降低。本文通过对储层非均质性与油田生产动态数据之间的相关性进行研究,利用数据相关性原理提出一套全新的判别砂岩油藏储层非均质性的思路方法,运用丼间相关性模型通过动态生产数据快速、准确的判别储层非均质特性。将该方法应用于油田现场,预测结果与实际结果相同,证明了本方法的准确有效。该方法与传统识别储层非均质性的方法相比,无需测试额外数据,方便快捷,简单有效,可以节约大量的研究费用与时间,具有较好的现场应用价值。     

基于储层构型研究的储层平面非均质性表征

密闭取芯以及大量加密调整井实钻显示,渤海SZ油田平面上水淹差异大,平面剩余油动用不均,而现行平面非均质性定量表征手段难以满足下一步挖潜需求,基于减缓平面矛盾、释放平面剩余油潜力需求,开展了渤海SZ油田开发后期储层平面非均质性表征研究。研究显示,现行平面非均质性定量表征以地质统计学方法为主,其基础参数多为井眼处储层指标信息、以小层为测量单元,存在表征层次不足、无法有效描述井间储层内部结构差异等问题,通过开展储层构型研究,深化储层平面非均质性程度表征层次,结合油田不同相带单元平面油水接触关系,统计了储层平面非均质性定量表征新指标非连通厚度,该指标以连井剖面为基本单元,克服了无法描述井间储层内部结构差异的局限,并通过绘制非连通厚度平面分布图,实现了储层内部结构差异程度半定量表征。将非连通厚度指标应用于渤海SZ油田小井距先导试验,指标预测结果与生产实际一致,应用效果良好。     

河流相平面非均质储层水平井泄气范围确定方法

为了准确计算河流相平面非均质储层水平井泄气范围大小.通过分析完钻井、录井和测井资料获取气井水平段含气钻遇率及沿水平段不同单元物性参数大小,定量表征井控范围内储层的非均质性.再利用气井产量压力生产数据,采用流动物质平衡方法评价气井动态储量.在此基础上计算井控范围内的气井有效渗流面积,同时结合储层分布特征调整井控泄气范围边界,最终研究形成河流相平面非均质储层气井泄气范围确定方法.研究结果表明:在非均质储层条件下,计算气井泄气半径需综合考虑储层的含气性、物性参数变化和储层分布等因素,通过理论计算和实际井分析对比,可见考虑储层非均质计算的气井泄气半径更符合气井生产实际,泄气范围与有效储层分布契合度高.     

珠江口盆地礁灰岩储层特征精细表征

珠江口盆地L油田礁灰岩储层中裂缝及溶孔发育,储层非均质性强,给储层评价及油田生产带来了极大困难.随钻电阻率成像测井能够提供高分辨率电阻率图像,能够准确把握储层沉积和构造特征.将随钻高分辨率电阻率成像测井引入对礁灰岩岩石类型判别、裂缝精细评价、次生溶蚀综合分析及产能主控因素研究中.结果表明,高分辨电阻率成像技术能够准确分...     

安塞油田坪桥地区长2段储层非均质性研究

目的探究鄂尔多斯盆地安塞油田坪桥地区长2储层的内部结构特征及储集物性的主控因素。方法通过岩心分析测试、测井参数解释与生产动态等资料对储层进行分析研究和综合评价。结果长2油层组中泥质、钙质夹层和富含炭屑与碳质薄层较发育。河道中心微相为均质—中等均质储层,河道边缘非均质性稍强;点砂坝与决口扇砂体属于中等非均质储层。结论储层的层内非均质性中等,层间及平面非均质性较强;沉积环境、沉积相和成岩作用等是影响储层非均质性的主要因素。     

利用数据包络分析法表征碎屑岩储层非均质性

以江苏省扬州市真武油田戴南组二段碎屑岩储层为研究对象,利用数据包络分析法计算非均质指数定量刻画储层非均质性。以各小层作为表征单元,以全区井各小层储层属性参数构成评价群体以确定数学模型,并考虑影响储层非均质性的8个参数进行线性规划模型求解。研究结果表明:真武油田戴南组二段砂岩分布范围内非均质指数主要分布在0.5~0.9之间,呈现中等—较强的非均质性,且非均质指数的分布与沉积微相展布有较好的相关性;非均质指数对注水开发效果有直接影响,非均质指数大对应的吸水强度较大,驱油效率就越高;非均质指数与水淹程度呈正相关,与剩余油饱和度呈负相关。     

油藏储层非均质特征的水淹状况反应

储层非均质性研究是油藏描述中的突出重点,其最佳研究方法是利用岩心分析资料及测井资料探讨层内、层间及平面非均质性,进而指导油田开发生产。本文以B断块为研究对象,选择测井多井评价中所获得的各项参数,尤其是渗透率参数,结合岩心分析统计参数综合评价各项非均质特征,并以生产动态资料描述储层的非均质性与水淹状况的特征规律。     

鄂尔多斯盆地英旺油田长8储层非均质性研究

通过岩心分析、压汞试验等方法研究了英旺油田延长组长8储层的非均质特征,认为本区长8储层的层内、层间和平面非均质性及微观非均质性均比较强,其变化规律主要受沉积相带的控制,层内非均质性主要受沉积韵律和层内夹层影响,层间非均质性取决于层间隔层展布和储层性质变化,平面非均质性与砂体形态及接触关系密切相关.     

基于PKN模型的压裂裂缝延展参数计算及分析

油田现场水力压裂前期设计常采用直观快捷的PKN模型,该模型假设裂缝空间分布为一均匀的椭球体。基于PKN模型理论公式,将研究区实际压裂参数作为输入,建立压裂缝长的迭代计算方法,并针对两口现场井的典型均质层和非均质层,实现压裂缝长的预测计算。通过构建岩层渗透率非均质参数,利用微地震实测压裂缝长数据,研究储层非均质性对裂缝两翼缝长的影响关系,指出岩层的非均质系数越大,裂缝两翼延展的不对称性越强。研究发现,由岩层非均质参数可以估算实际压裂缝长与预测裂缝长之间的最大偏差,该结果可以很好地修正实际压裂前期设计中PKN模型的预测结果,有效地提升压裂施工工艺的成功率。     

印尼A油田礁灰岩储层的三维孔隙压力预测及可视化

礁灰岩储层由于成岩过程复杂,非均质性强,存在多种成压机制,常规的孔隙压力预测方法往往无法准确预测礁灰岩储层的孔隙压力变化规律.提出了一种礁灰岩储层三维孔隙压力建模方法.首先,通过岩性分析和工程分析法准确判断印尼A油田礁灰岩储层的成压机制;其次,充分利用三维地震层速度数据,并使用Kriging插值方法和Eaton法,获取印尼A油田礁灰岩储层三维孔隙压力分布规律,计算结果三维可视化.印尼A油田孔隙压力主要集中在1.01 ～ 1.10 g/cm3,和实测值的相对误差在1％～4.9％.无异常高压存在.结果 表明,通过该方法建立的三维孔隙压力模型能够真实、细致地刻画灰岩储层的孔隙压力,满足现场钻井施工的需求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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