无氧阈训练对速度轮滑运动员最大吸氧量影响的研究

随着现代科学技术的日益进步,运动训练手段也逐步向着科学化发展,虽然以往的大运动量、大强度、超量恢复、高原训练等手段在短期内都能收到一定的效果,但对运动员来说起到的反而是事倍功半的效果.无氧阈训练是运用无氧阈强度指导运动员训练,使运动强度更加科学化,对发展运动员最大吸氧量效果显著.     

无氧阈训练对速度轮滑运动员最大吸氧量影响的研究

随着现代科学技术的日益进步,运动训练手段也逐步向着科学化发展,虽然以往的大运动量、大强度、超量恢复、高原训练等手段在短期内都能收到一定的效果,但对运动员来说起到的反而是事倍功半的效果。无氧阈训练是运用无氧阈强度指导运动员训练,使运动强度更加科学化,对发展运动员最大吸氧量效果显著。     

大学生适宜运动负荷强度的实验研究

通过对62例大学生心输出量、最大吸氧量等指标在递增负荷后的变化，讨论SV(每搏输出量)、CO(每分输出量)、VO2max(最大摄氧量)、VAT(通气无氧阈)、HR(心率)等有关指标变化规律及影响因素，探讨了男子大学生适宜的运动负荷强度及不同体能受试者在不同负荷状态下的机能反映。普通大学生适宜的运动负荷强度值为最大心率的51％～88％之间，此范围是最大摄氧量的34％-70％，是最适宜的运动负荷强度。大学生运动员组的适宜负荷强度高于普通大学生，而且大学生运动员在每分输出量后的心力储备仍有一定水平，建议普通男子大学生以心输出量开始下降时心率为安全运动的限度。     

赛艇运动员有氧乳酸阈和无氧乳酸阈的测试与应用

为了提高江苏女子赛艇运动员有氧训练的科学化程度,运用赛艇运动员有氧训练中的血乳酸值及其对应的心率指标,来使运动员的有氧训练从原有凭经验的训练,提高到现在以指标为客观依据进行定性定量训练,提出了：1）赛艇运动员有氧乳酸阂和无氧乳酸阂的测定;2）赛艇运动员有氧水平的评定;3）有氧乳酸阈心率和无氧乳酸阈心率的应用,使得我们运动员有氧能力有了科学依据。     

血乳酸在周期性耐力项目中的应用及其与运动能力的关系之研究

通过文献资料、实验法等对血乳酸在周期性耐力项目中的应用及其与运动能力的关系进行了研究。得出：1）科学训练的目的就是在最大限度上追求一种符合运动项目内在规律的训练方法；2）高、平原值速度的对比，从高原训练下到平原后，阈值对应速度可提高0．2—0．3m／s；3）无氧酵解能力与运动成绩密切相关；4）我省中长跑运动员无氧阈值和我国优秀选手的对比。     

最大摄氧量、无氧阈在评价有氧能力方面的差异分析

采用心肺功能测试仪测定10名体育教育专业女生在递增功率自行车运动中的最大摄氧量、无氧阈,并分析两者的关系.结果表明:所测的最大摄氧量、无氧阈时的摄氧量均值均低于高校优秀女子大学足球运动员;最大摄氧量与无氧阈时的摄氧量呈显著性正相关,与无氧阈时的最大摄氧量百分数无显著性相关.无氧阈对评定运动能力和训练效果、安排有氧运动训练具有重要意义,最大摄氧量在运动选材中所起的作用则更突出.     

芽孢乳酸菌产乳酸条件的研究

同型乳酸发酵菌株ＴＱ３３的主要产物为Ｌ－乳酸,论文对其适用的发酵培养基和最佳的发酵条件进行了讨论,认为ＴＱ３３在培养基配方为葡萄糖１０ｇ、酵母膏１．５ｇ;蛋白胨０．５ｇ;ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ：０．０５ｇ;碳酸钙６ｇ（ｐＨ７．２－７．４）时,４０℃下振荡（１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ．）培养２４ｈ后转入静置发酵阶段,发酵７２ｈ产酸量达到最高为６７．８ｇ／Ｌ,其中Ｌ－乳酸占９６％以上。     

无氧阈在训练实践中的应用

无氧阈即随运动强度的增长,机体的供能方式由有氧氧化供能为主开始转向大量动用无氧分解供能的转折点,常以血乳酸值为4毫克分子/升时的对应运动强度为标准,用最大吸氧量利用率来表示.在这个程度上恰是吸氧量与肺通气量失去线性相关的点.但是在我国地市级以下的运动队及普通中小学业余体育训练中,由于条件所限,难以准确地掌握运动训练的无氧阈强度,使之以较小的生理代价取得较大的训练效果.为此,作者通过50名12岁至16岁男少年的运动试验,测得不同年龄和不同训练史男少年在无氧阈强度运动时的脉搏频率,以供体育工作者参考.     

根霉L-乳酸发酵的研究

研究了东京根霉（Ｒｈｉｚｏｐｕｓ　ｔｏｋｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）　Ｒ８－１产生Ｌ－乳酸的发酵条件。比较了不同碳源和不同含量碳源对产酸的影响，以１０％的葡萄糖、３０℃下２１０ｒ／ｍｉｎ振荡培养７２ｈ，得到的发酵液中乳酸的质量分数为７．５％，对糖的转化率为８０．６４％：以１２％的玉米粉为碳源发酵６０ｈ，发酵液中乳酸的质量分数为７．１８％，对糖的转化率为７８．４％。静置培养时乳酸产量要比通气培养时低得多。发酵产物经旋光分光仪、红外光谱与核磁共振谱测定可确认为Ｌ－乳酸，为同型乳酸发酵。     

利用热带假丝酵母提高酶解马铃薯汁的蛋白质含量

马铃薯汁用糖化酶水解，接种热带假丝酵母，在摇床中３０℃，１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ培养３ｄ．分别用（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４或柠檬酸铵为氮源，用Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液和ＣａＣＯ３为ｐＨ值稳定物质时，测定发酵基质中蛋白质的增加量．结果表明，以（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４为氮源，用Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液（０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ６．８）和ＣａＣＯ３（０．３％）为ｐＨ稳定物质时，发酵基质中蛋白质含量的增加值最大，以干重计，蛋白质含量从１０．４％增加到３９．６％．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

正~~