Enzymatic Treatment of Wool

Three proteases were applied to treatments of wool. The shrinkage, dyeing behavior, some physical and mechanical properties of treated wool were studied. Peroxymonosulfate(PMS) and lipase were used to pretreat wool before the treatment of it by protease. The results show that the shrink resistance of wool fabric is not obtained when it is treated only by the protease, but it is remarkably improved when the wool fabric is treated first by PMS or a lipase afterwards by protease. The rate of dyeing is increased when the wool is treated by protease or combination of oxidant/ lipase and protease. Whiteness, luster and softness of treated wool are improved, while the strength and elasticity are reduced.     

羊毛束纤维蒸汽处理后的拉伸性能研究

探讨羊毛柬纤维经蒸汽处理后拉伸性能的变化。在INSTRON上对处理时间不同的羊毛柬纤维，采取不同的夹持隔距进行拉伸试验，结果表明，在一定条件下，随着处理时间的增加，柬纤维强力下降，断裂伸长增加，其拉伸力学性能随隔距增大的变化趋势与未经蒸汽处理的柬纤维基本一样：断裂强力逐渐下降，断裂伸长，断裂功逐渐增大。     

蛋白酶对毛织物的整理工艺

通过对各种试验条件的变化,我们得出了ＷＯ蛋白酶对毛织物后整理的最佳工艺条件。采用最佳工艺对毛织物实施生物整理之后,织物手感柔软丰满,色泽柔和、织纹清晰,提高了毛织物的悬垂性,织物的刺痒感得到大大改善,另外织物的毡缩性也得到大大改善,达到完全机可洗要求。     

提高洗净毛白度的加酶洗毛工艺

实验研究表明，残留于净毛表面的蛋白质污染物对洗净毛白度有显著影响．本文根据蛋白质污染物的化学特性，提出了加酶洗毛可有效地去除蛋白质污染物，提高洗净毛白度；同时还探讨了酶浓度、温度和助剂等对洗涤效果的影响．     

超声波在洗毛中的应用

研究了不同条件下的超声波洗毛效果,并与传统乳化洗毛进行了对比.研究结果表明,利用超声波洗毛可以降低洗毛温度、缩短洗毛时间、降低洗剂和助剂用量.利用超声波所得的洗净毛蓬松性好,羊毛之间不发生纠缠,白度高且洗净毛中几乎无细小杂质.另外,超声波在洗毛的同时,对羊毛鳞片有蚀刻作用.经过超声波洗毛所得洗净毛纤维鳞片变钝、变光,摩擦效应降低.且超声波洗毛所得洗净毛纤维细度分布更趋集中,长时间超声波洗毛会使羊毛纤维直径变小,断裂伸长增大,但对纤维断裂强力无明显损伤.     

羊毛单纤维性质对束纤维强伸性的影响

对21种澳大利亚羊毛进行单纤维性质测量,其包括纤维的直径及其离散、纤维卷曲性质和纤维强伸性质.同时采用SIROLAN-TENSOR对此类羊毛做束纤维力学性质测量.通过实验结果的对比分析得到,单纤维强伸性与束纤维强伸性存在线性相关,纤维直径和卷曲也与束纤维强度和伸长有较好的相关.因此采用束纤维力学指标表征单纤维性质,在理论和实用上都是可行的.     

低温氧等离子体处理对羊毛织物性能的影响

为了改善羊毛织物的毡缩、润湿等性能,采用低温氧等离子体对羊毛织物进行改性处理.通过单因素实验,综合评价羊毛织物处理前后的性能变化情况,分析了羊毛织物性能变化与等离子体处理时间、功率和压强变化之间的相互关系;利用原子力显微镜表征了处理前后羊毛纤维鳞片结构的变化情况.实验结果表明,利用低温氧等离子体对羊毛织物进行改性处理,可以获得较好的防毡缩效果,并能改善织物的润湿性能.有效控制处理条件,织物的断裂强力和伸长率不但不会减小,反而可以得到一定程度的增强.     

羊毛拉伸细化及其效果

分析了有捻毛条拉伸过程中拉伸载荷的变化规律和纤维直径的变化，通过烘燥和沸水收缩率的测量，探讨了细化羊毛的定形效果，并借助扫描电镜照片，分析了细化羊毛的形态变化及其原因。     

Union Dyeing Behavior on the Blends of Tencel and Shrink-proofing Wool with the Same Reactive Dyestuffs in One Bath

In order to obtain union colour on the blends of Tencel and shrink-proofing wool and improve the efficiency of dyeing process, the dyeing behavior on the blends of Tencel and shrink-proofing wool in the same bath was studied. The Argazol TW reactive dyestuffs were involved in the dyeing process. The parameters under different conditions such as exhaustion, fixation, compatibility as well as soaping fastness were investigated in detail. It is shown that the Argazol TW reactive dyestuffs are suitable for dyeing of blends of Tencel and shrink-proofing wool and good dyeing behavior can be expected.     

羊毛纤维的形态弱节及特征

对羊毛纤维弱节的几何形态特征，采用SEM观察进行了分类定义和表征。实际观察发现羊毛的弱节有纤维细颈和形态结构缺陷二类，其中形态结构缺陷主要是天然生长和人为加工中的畸变点和损伤点。弱节的几何长度为纤维直径的2－4倍，且弱节越多，纤维直径离散越大。同时分析了羊毛形态弱节的主要成因。     

Environmental Friendly Route and Wool Shrink Proofing

The shrink proofing on wool with treatment of protease named Argaenzyme STL was studied. The various pretreating auxiliaries, different parameters for protease treating process and the effect of stabilizer were discussed in detail. The varieties of some properties before and after protease treatment were also investigated.     

羊毛纤维的结构弱节及力学行为

纤维结构弱节决定纤维的力学性能。本文提出的断裂端特征的SEM观察及该纤维对应拉伸性质的组合分析方法，可获得羊毛纤维结构弱节及破坏的特征与证据。实验证明，依据拉伸曲线和断裂端形貌特征可知羊毛纤维的弱节结构主要表现为集中缺陷结构、细颈弱结构、机械损伤弱结构和散布缺陷结构，其与力学行为和形态弱节存在很好的相关。缺陷散布性弱节结构，应该引入曲线的抖动特征或临界断裂功判定依据。     

羊毛防毡缩处理工艺的探讨

采用氧化一树脂法对羊毛进行防缩处理，以天然生物材料壳聚糖作为防缩树脂，对比了不同预氧化条件下的防缩效果，选择了最佳的防缩处理条件，对处理后羊毛的毡缩性和强度等指标进行了测定，结果表明，用壳聚糖作为羊毛防缩树脂，必须先进行预氧化才能达到满意的防缩效果，氧化处理采用次氯酸钠和高锰酸钾混合液处理的效果较好，并可降低次氯酸钠的用量。     

乌拉圭羊毛纺纱性能的研究

通过分析五种乌拉圭羊毛的基本理化性能，对比国内现有生产厂家的原料使用情况，就如何提高乌拉圭羊毛的纺纱水平和成纱质量，作了影响纺纱性能的因素分析，并在试生产中采用了相应的技术措施．     

超声波处理对羊毛纤维性能的影响

以未处理、55℃超声波处理和沸水处理的羊毛纤维为研究对象,对比分析两种处理方法对纤维力学性能、表面形态、化学结构的影响,从纤维角度探讨超声波低温染色的机理.试验结果表明,经超声波处理后的羊毛,束纤维强度降低,油脂质量分数减少,纤维表面鳞片张角增大并产生不规则裂纹,部分二硫键断裂,纤维分子有序程度降低,因此,羊毛在染色过程中更易润湿,染料更易进入纤维内部并扩散.     

Plasma Modification of Wool: The Effect of Plasma Gas on the Properties of the Wool Fabric

The wool fabrics were treated with low temperature plasma (LTP) using three different gases, namely (ⅰ) oxygen, (ⅱ) nitrogen and (ⅲ) 25％ hydrogen/75％ nitrogen gas mixture. After LTP treatment, the low stress mechanical properties, surface properties and thermal properties of the fabrics were investigated by kES-F (Kawabata Evaluation System) Instruments composing of KES-FBI for tensile and shear property measurement, KES-FB2 for pure bending measurement, kES-FB3 for compression measurement, KES-FB4 for surface friction and surface roughness measurement, and KES-F7 for thermal property measurement. The first four instruments were used for investigating the charaeterlstlc aspect related to fabrle hand while the last one was mainly for the fabric comfort. The properties of LTP treated fabrics under the effect of different gases were compared with the untreated fabric quantitatively.     

用离心萃取法从洗毛污水中回收羊毛脂的研究

处理好洗毛污水的关键是最大限度地提净污水中的羊毛脂。本文介绍了一个回收羊毛脂的新方法——离心萃取法。该方法以制药用的ＬＣ—５００型离心萃取机为主机，选用抽余油作萃取溶剂，为防止回收的羊毛脂变黑，工艺中改用降膜减压蒸发。该方法回收率为６０～７０％，比离心分离法高１～２倍。特别适合羊毛脂含量较低的洗毛污水。     

Effect of Stretching - Setting Treatment on Dyeing Behavior of Wool

Changes of dyeing behavior of wool after stretching -setting treatment are studied. Effects of stretching -setting on wool structure are analyzed. It is concluded that stretching - setting treatment not only reduces wool diameter and increases wool length, but also brings about low-temperature dyeing of wool.     

羊毛拉伸细化技术综述

阐述了国内外羊毛细化技术的发展过程，并详细介绍了拉伸细化的机理及各种工艺流程，同时列表说明改性后纤维，纱线及织物性质的变化。