基于BP神经网络的桥梁移动荷载识别精度

为了识别作用于桥梁结构上的移动荷载,基于反向传播神经网络方法,开展了输入参数对荷载识别精度影响的分析.首先利用ANSYS模拟移动集中力通过简支T梁桥,得到了主梁跨中位移、速度和加速度时程曲线;其次基于MATLAB建立反向传播神经网络结构,分别将桥梁结构的位移、速度和加速度动态响应数据作为反向传播神经网络的输入参数,移动荷载大小作为输出参数,研究不同输入参数对荷载识别精度的影响;然后分别选取位移和速度、位移和加速度、速度和加速度以及三者组合的工况进行多参数输入的优化设计;最后,以某4跨预应力混凝土连续T梁桥工程为背景,以重车下的竖向加速度实测数据验证了该反向传播神经网络用于识别实桥上简单移动荷载的可行性.结果 表明:利用反向传播神经网络进行移动荷载大小识别时,单输入参数的识别精度由高到低依次为加速度、速度、位移,建议在实际工程中采用较易获取的加速度数据作为输入参数进行荷载识别;多参数组合输入可以提高移动荷载的识别精度,其中速度和加速度组合可以实现较优的识别效果;实测数据证明了该反向传播神经网络用于简单的实桥荷载识别是可行的.相关研究结果可为桥梁载荷识别及桥梁结构的性能评价提供参考.     

组合径向基函数神经网络的硬件实现

为了提高径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的泛化能力,提出了一种组合径向基函数神经网络,并通过对英文字母的识别进行了仿真验证。基于CMOS电路设计了该组合径向基函数神经网络,所有单元电路均采用HJTC 0.18μm CMOS数模混合工艺设计制造。通过PCB板实现了一个2×3的组合RBF神经网络,并对"一"和"1"的识别问题进行了验证。实验结果表明:该组合RBF神经网络电路结构简单,便于扩展和调节,提高了整个网络的泛化能力,为硬件实现更为复杂的组合径向基函数神经网络提供了可能。     

BP学习算法的局限性与对策

研究采用多神经网络组合结构、改进ＢＰ学习算法和训练策略等３个对策来克服ＢＰ学习算法的局限性．手写数字识别的实验研究表明，这些对策效果显著．     

基于一维倒残差轻量级网络的无人机个体识别方法

在无人机的个体识别问题中，针对传统的识别方法存在网络模型参数量大和算法时效性差等问题，提出基于一维倒残差轻量级神经网络(1D-IRLNN)的无人机个体识别方法。首先提取反映无人机个体间差异的I/Q包络一维特征作为无人机的浅层特征；其次将深度可分离卷积与倒残差结构等设计思想和一维神经网络模型相结合，设计出跳跃级联的一维倒残差轻量级神经网络；最后利用网络模型提取一维I/Q包络数据中的深层特征，从而实现对无人机个体的快速准确识别。实验结果表明，1D-IRLNN模型的计算量分别是同等体量的深度模型1D-CNN与1D-ResNet的305%和238%，网络模型规模分别是深度模型1D-CNN与1D-ResNet的387%和297%，所提方法相较于其他方法，在保持较高识别准确率的同时具有更快的识别速度且占内存更小。     

基于多类型传感器信息的结构损伤识别方法

计算2组基于径向基神经网络的结构损伤程度识别结果,一组神经网络输入是加速度传感器信息,另一组神经网络输入是应变传感器信息;以2组识别结果及其可靠性为基础,提出采用D-S证据理论数据融合方法的结构损伤程度综合识别方法.以网壳结构为研究对象,建立结构损伤模型和神经网络样本库及输入输出向量,并对不同噪声水平下结构损伤程度识别结果进行计算.计算结果显示,基于多类型传感器信息的结构损伤程度综合识别结果的误差明显小于基于单类型传感器的识别结果,并在神经网络输入有噪声的情况下,仍保持较好的效果.因此,基于多类型传感器信息的结构损伤程度识别方法在合理应用结构多类型响应信息的基础上,能够获得更优的结构损伤程度识别结果.     

基于组合神经网络的语义省略“的”字结构识别

针对语义省略“的”字结构识别任务, 提出一种基于组合神经网络的识别方法。利用词语和词性, 通过双向LSTM (long short-term memory)神经网络, 学习“的”字结构深层次的语义语法表示。通过Max-pooling层和基于GRU(gated recurrent unit)的多注意力层, 捕获“的”字结构的省略特征, 完成语义省略“的”字结构识别任务。实验结果表明, 所提模型在CTB8.0(Chinese Treebank 8.0)语料中, 能够有效地识别语义省略的“的”字结构, F1值达到96.67%。     

地物波谱组合识别的神经网络模型

遥感探测是一个多参数、高混合度的综合识别问题。利用BP神经网络的全局训练特性，直接利用教师信号来训练，建立了一个多组合的地物识别模型。实例验证了这种组合识别模型具有简单性、实用性和准确分辨等特点。     

利用组合模态参数识别结构损伤的神经网络法

采用组合模态参数在有限元模型基础上对结构损伤进行了识别.同时考虑了噪声输入情况下,即存在数据误差时神经网络的损伤识别能力.结果表明,以组合模态参数作为网络输入参数,并通过学习训练所得网络不仅具有理想的损伤识别能力,还具备良好的容错性和鲁棒性.     

基于曲率模态和神经网络的分步损伤识别法及其在桥梁结构中的应用

神经网络用于损伤识别遇到的最大问题就是训练样本数量的组合爆炸问题,单纯用神经网络进行损伤诊断有很大困难．提出了一种两步识别法来进行损伤诊断,即先采用结构的曲率模态,定义一个新的损伤指标,判断损伤位置,再利用BP神经网络精确识别损伤程度;运用两步识别法对一座混凝土连续刚构桥进行了损伤位置与损伤程度的识别．识别结果表明,对于2个单元和3个单元损伤的情况,分别只需16个和64个损伤样本就能取得满意的识别结果,大大减少了单纯利用神经网络进行损伤识别所需的损伤样本．     

多路阀阀芯节流槽拓扑结构组合的神经网络模型

针对多路阀设计中阀芯节流槽结构的拓扑形态表达和其流固耦合响应的大组合、大自由度解析问题,提出多路阀阀芯节流槽拓扑结构组合的神经网络模型。在利用多路阀动态特性台架实验验证其三维流体解析结果的基础上,将节流槽拓扑结构分类为由半圆槽、U型槽、圆孔等结构的参数化组合构成,通过正交实验法得到各参数组合条件下的多路阀三维流体解析响应,作为反向传播神经网络的训练样本,实现其节流槽拓扑结构组合的神经网络表达;采用进化神经网络优化训练过程的初始权重和阈值,优化后的神经网络能够对非训练样本集合的多路阀三维流体解析响应实现准确预测。研究结果表明,此模型为阀芯节流槽结构设计中拓扑形态表达提供了一种新的思路,对多路阀数字化设计具有实际意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that