不同色光、温度、pH对草珊瑚愈伤组织的培养效应

报道了草瑚珊愈伤组织生长和次生代谢物与光、温度、ｐＨ不同的物理因子培养条件的关系。结果表明，暗培养的愈伤组织生长和代谢物含量较高，而蓝光在草珊瑚愈伤组织培养中，表现了蓝光效应，诱导出一个优良的愈伤组织系，其相对增长率和总黄酮月产率分别为７５９％，１．８６８ｇ／Ｌ。最佳培养温度为２６℃恒温，最适愈伤组织生长的培养基ｐＨ值为５．５；而最适愈伤组织代谢次级产物的生产培养基ｐＨ值为６．０。     

茴香原生质体培养研究

以茴香（ＦｏｅｎｉｃｕｌｕｍｖｕｌｇａｒｅＬ．）幼苗茎切段在ＭＳ附近２，４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／Ｌ、６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上诱导产生愈伤组织，经４～５次继代后形成胚性愈伤组织。将胚性愈伤组织转至ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ＋２，４－Ｄ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ的液体培养基中培养，形成胚性细胞悬浮系。悬浮细胞在含有１．５％纤维素酶、１％果胶酶、０．５％蜗牛酶的混合酶液中酶解得到大量的原生质体，原生质体用修改的ＫＭ８Ｐ培养基中做液体浅层培养。２天后细胞发生一裂，两个月后形成０．５～１ｍｍ大小的小愈伤组织，转入含琼脂糖的固体培养基中３周后形成２～３ｍｍ的愈伤组织     

红豆杉愈伤组织诱导及细胞培养的研究

本文研究了从红豆杉（Ｔａｘｕｓｃｈｉｎｅｓｅ）的嫩茎诱导愈伤组织的过程．探讨了红豆杉细胞悬浮培养和平板培养的方法．结果表明：在所实验的３种培养基（ＭＳ，Ｂ５，Ｗｈｉｔｅ）中，虽然都能诱导红豆杉幼茎产生愈伤组织，但以ＭＳ培养基较好，其中ＭＳ＋２．４－Ｄ１ｍｇ／ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／ｌ培养基愈伤组织诱导率高达９８％．ＭＳ和Ｂ５液体培养基均可作为红豆杉单细胞悬浮培养的培养基，普通平板培养法培养红豆杉单细胞的植板率只有０．０３％，有待改进其它平板培养法     

四棱豆茎段离体培养的研究

通过茎段离体培养，实现了四棱豆的快速无性繁殖．结果表明：（１）用浓Ｈ２ＳＯ４将其种子处理８ｍｉｎ后再消毒接种可获得最高的发芽率；（２）在附加１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ６－ＢＡ的Ｈ培养基上，每粒种子平均可形成１３个丛芽；（３）在增殖培养阶段，ＩＢＡ浓度为１．０～２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时对促进四棱豆离体茎段生根成苗的效果最为理想；（４）增殖培养阶段以采用Ｈ培养基的效果最为理想；（５）单独使用ＩＢＡ时，即使其浓度高达４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ也只诱导离体茎段生根，绝大多数外植体不会产生愈伤组织，只有极少数外植体产生少量愈伤组织；低浓度的６－ＢＡ（０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ）或高浓度的６－ＢＡ（２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ）配以低浓度的ＩＢＡ（０．２５ｍｇ／Ｌ）反而会引起大多数离体茎段的基部产生大量愈伤组织．     

怀地黄离体培养再生植株及其生长调控

本文对怀地黄愈伤组织的诱导、分化和再生植株的生长调控进行了研究．结果表明：（１）６－ＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ（单位下同）＋ＮＡＡ０．１的组合有利于叶片愈伤组织的形成，２，４－Ｄ２＋ＮＡＡ２的组合有利于根茎愈伤组织的形成；（２）诱导愈伤组织产生再生植株的最佳组合为６－ＢＡ１＋ＮＡＡ０．０１；（３）ＰＰ３３３对再生植株的生长调控具有良好的效应，ＰＰ３３３１处理后，再生植株生长健壮，根系发达，叶色浓绿．     

正交设计法在白三叶组织培养中的应用

以白三叶的叶片为外植体,采用正交设计法,对愈伤组织生长和细胞悬浮培养的培养基进行了优化筛选。实验结果表明,白三叶叶片愈伤组织生长的最佳培养基配方为ＭＢ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋１ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋２ｍｇ／Ｌ甘氨酸＋１００ｍｇ／Ｌ肌醇＋３％蔗糖＋０．７％琼脂;细胞悬浮培养的最佳培养基的配方为ＭＢ＋４ｍｇ／Ｌ ２,４－Ｄ＋０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ ＮＡＡ＋０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ ＢＡ＋２ｍｇ／     

安祖花组织培养快繁技术研究

将外植体接种于诱导愈伤组织和芽的分化培养基上，培养１个周期（３０～４０ｄ），外植体上出现光滑的愈伤组织，２个周期后愈伤组织上分化出芽体，将有芽体分化的愈伤组织转入ＭＳ＋ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡＯ．１ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基中，２个月左右可长成２～３ｃｍ的生根小植株。生根试管苗经炼苗后移入花盆，生长良好。     

UASB＋AF反应器处理针织印染废水起动过程的研究

以生产性针织印染废水为基质，将七种高效脱色菌及紫色非硫光合细菌固定在活性污泥载体上，投加至ＵＡＳＢ＋ＡＦ反应器中，在常温下起动成功，培养出颗粒污泥。培养条件：水温２０～２３℃；ｐＨ值７．２～７．５；容积负荷０．５ｋｇ，ＣＯＤ／ｍ￣３．ｄ～５．０ｋｇ，ＣＯＤ／ｍ￣３．ｄ；水力停留时间（ＨＲＴ）由３１ｈ缩短至１０ｈ；色度去除率９０％以上，ＣＯＤ去除率７０％以上。     

青霉素对猕猴桃茎切段生长与愈伤组织抗氧化酶的影响

低浓度（１０～２０ＭＵ／Ｌ）的青霉素可以促进猕猴桃试管苗茎段的生长,鲜重、干重、苗高及叶片数都明显高于对照（Ｐ〈０．０１）;在高于４０ＭＵ／Ｌ浓度时则对茎段的生长主要为抑制作用。青霉素可以提高猕猴桃愈伤组织的ＰＯＤ和ＳＯＤ的活性（Ｐ〈０．０５）,同时随着青霉素浓度增加,愈伤组织中可溶性蛋白含量也明显增加（Ｐ〈０．０１）。     

毛花猕猴桃愈伤组织诱导与植株再生

从毛花猕猴桃（ＡｃｔｉｎｉｄｉａｅｒｉａｎｔｈａＢｅｎｔｈ）田间生长的茎段、种子无菌条件下萌发的下胚轴及试管苗的茎段和叶片得到愈伤组织。田间来源的茎段诱导愈伤组织较难，愈伤组织生长缓慢；下胚轴及试管苗茎段和叶片容易产生愈伤组织，愈伤组织生长旺盛。消毒时间、接种方法、基因型和培养基都可能影响到田间来源的茎段愈伤组织产生。在ＭＳ附加玉米素或６－苄氨基嘌呤（ＢＡＰ）的培养基上下胚轴来源的愈伤组织不经转代即分化芽和根。试管苗茎段和叶片在附加玉米素或Ｎ－（２－氯基－４－吡啶基）－Ｎ′－苯基脲（ＣＰＰＵ）的ＭＳ培养基上培养一代也分化出芽、试管苗茎段在附加０．００２５ｍｇ／ＬＣＰＰＵ和０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ吲跺乙酸（ＩＡＡ）的ＭＳ培养基上产生愈伤组织、芽的分化和苗生长都较理想；试管苗叶片则以附加０．０２５ｍｇ／ＬＣＰＰＵ和０．１ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ或０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ玉米素和０．１ｍｇ／ＬＩＡＡ的ＭＳ培养基较好。当苗伸长至１ｃｍ或以上时切下，转入ＭＳ基本培养基（大量元素减半）上后可形成完整植株。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-