Über den Einfluss von Acetylcholin auf das Membranpotential denervierter Rattenzwerchfelle

Summary The membran potential of isolated rat-diaphragms has been measured by means of intracellular micro-electrodes, in order to study changes of the resting potential and of the depolarizing action of acetylcholine after section of the phrenic nerve. Within 80 days after denervation, the membrane potential was found to fall exponentially from 87 mV to 66 mV. The action of acetylcholine, on the other hand, was found to be independent of the duration of denervation: between the 4th and the 80th day of denervation: 10^–5g/ml acetylcholine always caused the membrane potential to fall by an average of the 9 mV.     

Über den Einfluss von Thrombin und Heparin auf die Fibrinolyse

Summary (1) The dissolution of a fibrin clot may be hastened to an end value by increasing the quantity of thrombin used for coagulation.(2) Increased concentrations of heparin strengthen the fibrinolysis where constant thrombin content is present. The lytic effect is more pronounced by the addition of heparin before than after the coagulation.(3) Fibrinolysis is dependent on the excess amount of thrombin used in cases of constant heparin concentration. Heparin acts only in the presence of thrombin or a component of thrombin to disperse fibrin.     

Über den Einfluss von Organextrakten auf den Sauerstoffverbrauch von Geweben

Résumé 1° La consommation en O₂ des tissus cardiaque et hépatique de cobayes sains et atteints de scorbut est augmentée par l'apport de différents extraits organiques (extraits de cur, foie et estomac-i ntestin). L'extrait de cur augmente fortement la respiration des coupes du muscle cardiaque et l'extrait de foie celles des coupes du foie (ceci est prouvé d'une manière significative par les statistiques).2° La respiration de coupes de tissus de cobayes atteints de scorbut est plus forte que celle d'animaux d'expériences sains.3° Ces résultats soulignent le fait que les extraits d'organes exercent une influence particulière sur les tissus dont ils proviennent.     

Über den Einfluss isotopischer und nichtisotopischer Träger auf die Verteilung von Radiostrontium im Organismus der Ratte

Summary Investigating the influence of isotopic or nonisotopic carriers on the behaviour of Sr⁹⁰ in the rat, calcium was found to be ineffective, whereas magnesium was essentially more effective in reducing the deposition of Sr⁹⁰ in the skeleton as equimolar amounts of stable strontium. According to these results, neither calcium nor magnesium can act as ‘biological’ carrier for radiostrontium.      

Über den Einfluß von Oxytocin und Vasopressin auf die Ausscheidung von Kalium und Natrium durch die Niere

Summary In decisive experiments on diuresis with rats it is shown that oxytocin and vasopressin have a contrary effect on the excretion of Na and K. Oxytocin increases the excretion of Na, vasopressin decreases the excretion of Na and raises the excretion of K. The effects on Cl-and water-metabolism may be considered only as consequences of the primary effect on Na and K.     

Über den Abbau von Kynurenin,Oxykynurenin und verwandten Substanzen durch Rattenleberenzym

Summary Rat liver extract does not only split Kynurenine and-Amino--benzoyl-propionic acid but also 3-Hydroxykynurenine and similar substances such as-Amino--acetyl-propionic acid,-Amino--oxyphenylbutyric acid and-Amino--oxyvaleric acid. No evidence for splittingo-Nitro-phenacylaminoacetic acid has been showed.     

Über die Wirkung von Phenylbutazon auf den Tricarbonsäurezyklus und andere Fermentsysteme

Summary Cholinesterase, hyaluronidase, chondroïtinase and -glucuronidase are not inhibited by phenylbutazone in concentrations up to 10^–3 M.Phenylbutazone accelerates the oxidation of the acids of the Krebs cycle in therapeutic concentrations up to 10 mg%; in higher concentrations it acts as an inhibitor. The inhibition of the -keto acid oxidation begins at lower concentrations of phenylbutazone then for the other intermediates.     

Über den Einfluss desd,l-Methioninsulfoximins auf den Eiweißstoffwechsel bei Erbsen

Summary The influence of thed,l-Methioninesulphoximine on the nitrogen metabolism of germinating seeds has been studied on peas. It has been shown thatd,l-Methioninesulphoximine, even at low concentrations, inhibited the germination of seeds and produced a decrease of growth of the roots. The inhibited germinating seeds contained less non-protein-nitrogen and less asparagine than the control plants. On the basis of the experimental results,d,l-Methioninesulphoximine could be considered as an inhibitor of proteolysis.     

Histochemische Untersuchungen über den Einfluss von Iproniazid (Marsilid) auf die durch Reserpin erzeugte Freisetzung von Adrenalin und Noradrenalin aus dem Nebennierenmark

Summary A single injection of 10 mg/kg reserpine causes marked decrease of catecholamine in the medulla of the adrenal gland of rats. Histochemically, this can be shown by the disappearance of chromaffinity and of the potassium iodate reaction. After pretreatment with 100 mg/kg of iproniazid, reserpine injection induces little or no decrease in the histochemical reactions of adrenalin and noradrenalin. In animals pretreated with equimolar doses of isoniazid, however, histochemical catecholamine reactions are well preserved in all cells of the adrenal medulla. These results suggest that monoamine oxidase plays a part in the reserpine-induced release of catecholamine.     

Über die Wirkung von Pyribenzamin und anderen Antihistaminika auf die durch Histaminverabreichung erzeugten Magenulzera

Summary Ulcers of the stomac of guinea-pigs, produced by subcutaneous application of histamine, are reduced to a significant degree in number by peroral application of antihistaminics. The effect is corresponding to the given dosage. Pyribenzamin proved to be the most effective.     

Notiz über die unterschiedliche Wirkung der Schallabsorption auf den Klang von neuen und alten Geigen

Summary The Theory of Residue explains how the absorption of high frequency harmonicschanges the tone quality and loudness of old violins less than that of modern ones. Indeed, following this theory, the high frequency harmonic components directly contribute to the sensation of fundamental sound. Therefore in new violins, rich in high partial components, the room absorption makes itself felt not only in these, but also in the fundamental component sensation.     

Über den Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel der Getreidearten

Summary The present publication shows that eight different polyfructosans occur in the four important cereals, wheat, rye, barley and oats, in the stems and in the ripening ears, as intermediate polysaccharides in the synthesis of starch in the ripe grain.In the stems of the four cereals, and in the ears of oats, they belong to the Phlein type, in the ears of wheat, rye and bearley to the Inulin type.It is, therefore, possible to distinct four steps in carbohydrate accumulation in the growing cereals: sucrose mainly in the leaves, polyfructosans in the stems, other polyfructosans in the unripe grain, and starch in the ripe grain.     

Über den Mechanismus der Osazonreaktion

Summary For the osazone reaction of the reducing sugars, the following mechanism is suggested: the initially formed phenylhydrazone is converted with aniline into the N-glycoside. Aniline arises from disproportional decomposition of phenylhydrazine. The N-glycoside undergoes an Amadori-rearrangement to 1-deoxy-1-amino-2-ketose derivative. From this is formed the phenylhydrazone. The latter is converted by dehydrogenation and transamination into the phenylosazone.     

Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die hypertensive Wirkung von Aldosteron und Desoxycorticosteron

Summary In the adrenalectomized and unilaterally nephrectomized rat an investigation has been carried out on the influence of a four weeks' treatment with aldosterone and desoxycorticosterone-acetate in doses which are equieffective concerning sodium retaining capacity. Desoxycorticosterone-acetate produced hypertension, perivascular granuloma and renal lesions, whereas under the influence of aldosterone the blood pressure remained normal and no histopathological alterations could be found. Towards the end of the experiment the animals treated with desoxycorticosterone-acetate took up twice as much drinking fluid as the animals treated with aldosterone. Although the results obtained so far are only of a preliminary character it is obvious that aldosterone in doses which are equieffective concerning sodium retention does not produce the same side effects as desoxycorticosterone-acetate.     

Über die Wirkung von Cobalt-II-nitrat auf Kern und Cytoplasma vonAcetabularia mediterranea

Summary The effect of Cobalt-II-nitrate was tested on the marine green algaAcetabularia. Application of Co immediately stopped regeneration as well as synthesis of cytoplasmic proteins. Later on a decrease of the protein contents was observed. Without affecting the size of the nucleus, Co caused a reduction of the nucleolar size and shape within 4 days. By histochemical methods, Co was found to be stored in the nucleus and nucleolus. However, it is not clear whether the Co was already boundin vivo. Size and distribution of the polyphosphate bodies were not changed within 6 days. No storage of Coin vivo could be observed within the polyphosphates.

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