基于温度补偿高双折射光纤环镜的边缘滤波解调方法

提出了一种光纤光栅传感解调新方法.系统由1个3dB耦合器、1个传感光纤布喇格光栅、1个双折射光纤环镜和1个探测器构成,高双折射光纤环镜作为边缘滤波器.光纤光栅波长的线性解调带宽为3.6nm.对双折射光纤环镜的温度补偿进行了实验研究,实验表明,封装的高双折射光纤环镜能够补偿高双折射光纤环镜的温度漂移.补偿前的高双折射光纤环镜波长随温度漂移为2.3 nm/℃,补偿后的双折射光纤环镜波长随温度漂移为0.005 nm/℃,远小于未补偿的双折射光纤环镜波长随温度漂移.     

基于边缘滤波的温度传感实验研究

利用基于长周期光栅的边缘滤波解调方法,在给出波长解调原理的基础上,对裸光纤光栅和毛细钢管封装的光栅进行温度传感实验研究.实验结果表明,在所测温度范围内,光纤光栅呈现良好的线性关系,且封装式传感头线性度更优.而后利用封装式探头进行解调实验研究,表明经边缘滤波解调后系统的精度进一步提高.     

电力电缆光纤光栅实时在线测温传感器优化设计

开发高压超高压电力电缆光纤光栅温度传感器系统,提出光纤光栅传感机理,建立优化设计框架.通过光纤光栅温度传感器封装结构优化设计,提出片式封装结构;通过线性度优化设计,提出用铝板作为封装基底材料;通过外界应力场影响补偿优化设计,提出采用40 mm× 10 mm(长×宽)的小尺寸封装方法.进行光纤光栅温度传感器水域实验和光纤光栅测温系统对比实验,讨论系统的性能和可行性.并将光纤光栅温度实时在线监控系统应用于实际工程项目,分辨率达0.1℃,精确度达±0.5℃,测温范围可达-30～200℃.     

一种新型的光纤光栅温度增敏技术

通过氢氟酸腐蚀提高光纤布拉格光栅的应变灵敏度,再把腐蚀后的光纤光栅封装在铝套管中,结合这2种增敏效应,得到了具有更大更灵活的温度灵敏度的光纤光栅,并分析了这种封装结构的温度增敏原理.实验表明,封装后的光纤光栅在20～90℃温度范围内,其等效温度度比普通光纤光栅提高了约5.53倍,比直接铝套管封装的光纤光栅提高了约后的光纤光栅温度特性曲线具有很好的线性度,达到了0.9973,并且这种封栅,结构简单,实用性强.     

分布式光纤光栅测温系统的理论分析

介绍了分布式光纤光栅F-G腔基本原理,分析了光纤光栅温度传感器的理论,设计了分布式光纤光栅测温系统,采用波长探测解调系统实现对温度的准分布式多点测量,从理论上说明了其可行性和具有较高的温度分辨率.     

光纤光栅温度增敏技术

选用热膨胀系数较大的聚合物材料,采用特殊工艺用其对裸光纤光栅进行封装,极大地提高了光纤光栅的温度灵敏度.在20～90℃范围内,聚合物封装光纤光栅的平均灵敏度系数η′=112.447×10-6℃,比裸光纤光栅增加了15.804倍;温度灵敏度为0.176 nm/℃,比裸光纤光栅增加了16倍;反射波长漂移量增加了15.95倍.裸光纤光栅和聚合物封装光纤光栅的温度响应曲线均具有很好的线性.     

利用光纤光栅实现压力和温度同时测量

结合光纤光栅弹簧管压力传感器的结构特点 ,在悬臂梁的上下两面分别粘贴两个应力和温度灵敏系数基本相同的光纤光栅 ,通过分别测量光纤光栅对的波长位移 ,实现了压力和温度的同时测量 ,压力和温度测量的分辨率分别为 0 .1 4 MPa和 0 .5℃ .     

光纤光栅温度传感器在地源热泵中应用

地源热泵应用地下土壤的地热资源,为建筑冬季供暖和夏季制冷．为了实时监测地源热泵工作过程中垂直盘管换热器周围土壤温度的变化,应用3个自行研制的光纤光栅温度传感器。组成分布式光纤光栅温度监测系统对其进行监测．3个光纤光栅温度传感器分别安置在25m垂直盘管的5、15和25m处．垂直盘管安装完后,应用FBG波长解调系统采集数据．采用双层钢管封装的光纤光栅温度传感器,有效消除了应变对光纤光栅的影响,同时也提高了光纤光栅的温度灵敏度．该光纤光栅温度传感系统对地源热泵长期工作状态进行了监测,监测结果与理论计算结果符合很好．     

用于油井温度剖面快速测量的高精度光纤光栅温度传感器设计

为实现对油井温度剖面的高精度快速测量，设计了一种游走式高精度光纤光栅温度传感器，采用超细不锈钢管进行耐压封装，进行了温度响应速度的理论仿真，并分析了井下高压对测量精度的影响。对直径1.2 mm的传感器采用商用高精度解调仪进行解调后进行了测试。结果表明，设计的光纤光栅温度传感器的分辨率为0.01 ℃，测温线性范围到达175 ℃，响应速度小于108 ms，耐压可达100 MPa，能够满足油井温度剖面快速测量的需要。     

光纤光栅应变传感器的温度补偿

为建立经过钢套筒封装后的光纤光栅应变传感器的温度补偿方法,从封装传感器的微观结构出发,利用光栅与封装套筒在界面上力学作用机理推导出封装传感器的波长变化与环境温度、应变变化值之间的关系式.给出了应变传感器进行应变测量时的温度补偿公式与工程实施方案.室内的标准实验证明:对于封装的应变传感器进行应变测量时,采用建立的温度补偿公式与实施方案能够正确剔除温度影响,得到真实的应变值,如果采用传统的裸光栅温度补偿方法在温度变化幅度较大情况下将导致严重的系统测量误差.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that