Improved threshold retracker for satellite altimeter waveform retracking over coastal sea

Data quality is a key factor for the application of satellite altimetry to geodesy and oceanography. Accuracy of altimetry is limited in the coastal area because the altimeter waveforms are seriously contaminated by topography and environmental pollution. So waveform retracking is needed to compute the range correction of geophysical data records (GDRs) for better accuracy. In this paper, a new waveform retracker named the improved threshold retracker (ITR) is put forward. The retracker first builds sub-waveforms based on leading edges detected in a waveform, then determines the middle point of each leading edge to compute the retracking range correction, finally calculates the referenced sea surface heights according to the geoid undulation from a local geopotential model and tide heights from an ocean tide model, and compares it with all retracking ranges to determine the best one. As a test, altimeter waveforms of Geosat/GM are retracked around the Taiwan coastal area. The result shows that accuracy of ITR method is two times better than that of the β-5-parameter function-fitting method and threshold method, and three times better than that of GDRs. ITR can efficiently improve the altimetry accuracy of the coastal sea area.     

Variability of surface circulation in the South China Sea from satellite altimeter data

11-year satellite altimeter sea surface height （SSH） anomaly data from January 1993 to December 2003 are used to present the dominant spatial patterns and temporal variations of the South China Sea （SCS） surface circulation through Empirical Orthogonal Function （EOF） analysis. The first three EOF modes show the obvious seasonal variations of SSH in the SCS. EOF mode one is generally characterized by a basin-wide circulation. Mode two describes the double-cell basin scale circulation structure. The two cells were located off west of the Luzon Island and southeast of Vietnam, respectively. EOF mode three presents the mesoscale eddy structure in the western SCS, which develops into a strong cyclonic eddy rapidly from July to September. EOF mode one and mode three are also embedded with interannual signals, indicating that the SCS surface circulation variation is influenced by El Nino events prominently. The strong El Nino of 1997/98 obviously changed the SCS circulation structure. This study also shows that there existed a series of mesoscale eddies in the western SCS, and their temporal variation indicates intra-seasonal and interannual signals.     

A new parameterization scheme for sea surface aerodynamic roughness

The dimensionless roughness length derived from dimensional analysis bears a relation to wave age, and the dimensionless form of roughness length can be expressed with the relation with a significant wave height. Based on six experiments （HEXMAX, RASEX, BIO steady platform, Lake Ontario data analysis FETCH, CBLAST low wind）, we verified that the Charnock parameter, Zch, and dimensionless roughness length, Z0/Hs, are dependent on wave age, ua/cp. Moreover, we constructed a new scheme for roughness length, and explored its sensitivity to friction velocity and wave age. Combining the newly developed parameterization scheme （PS07） with COARE （Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment V.3.0） algorithm, we calculated the data from the North Sea Platform experiment in December, 1985, and made an attempt to validate the suitability of the PS07 compared to the other three schemes of COARE. We found that the calculated results based on the PS07 are close to the measurements. We also conducted an experiment in which the PS07 was combined with the nested model of waves coupling in datasets of 3 typhoons that occurred at the Zhanjiang Seaport. The comparison results between the calculated and observed waves around the Naozhou Island indicate that the new parameterization scheme （PS07） has a good applicability.     

一种改进的新型说话人确认算法

在单芯片上实现的说话人确认系统是说话人识别应用的重要方向。该文面向片上应用,在使用DTW(dynamictime-warping)匹配方法的确认系统基础上提出一种改进的说话人确认算法,结合说话人确认的任务特点对DTW算法进行了改进:1)引入分层判决思想,2)在判决中结合单帧说话人区分能力估计,使系统的识别性能得到改进。新系统能够在对模板应用压缩处理后仍然保持良好的识别性能。测试表明新确认系统不做模板压缩时的等错误率为1.81%,经过1:8模板压缩处理后新系统的等错误率为2.35%。     

Mean sea surface heights of the South and East China Seas from ocean circulation model and geodetic leveling

The mean sea surface heights (sea surface topography) of the South China, East China, Yellow and Bohai Seas are derived from an ocean general circulation model and surface air pressure. The circulation model covers the global oceans, with fine grid (1/6°) covering the East Asian marginal seas and coarse grid (3°) covering the rest part of the global oceans. The result shows that the China 1985 National Altitude Datum is 24.7 cm above the mean sea surface height of the world oceans. The mean sea surface in the coastal ocean adjacent to China is higher in the south than in the north. Intercomparison of the model results with the geodetic leveling measurements at 28 coastal tidal stations shows a standard deviation of 4.8 cm and a fitting coefficient of 95.3%. After correction through linear regression, the standard deviation is reduced to 4.5 cm. This indicates that the accuracy of model results is sufficient for practical application. Based on the model results, the mean sea surface heights for the study area with a resolution of 1/6 degree are given. This result also links the mean sea levels at islands with those on the mainland coast and gives the mean sea surface heights at tidal stations in the Taiwan Island, the Dongsha Islands, the Xisha Islands and the Nansha Islands relative to the China 1985 National Altitude Datum.     

垃圾邮件的改进贝叶斯过滤算法

在研究贝叶斯过滤算法原理和实现方法的基础上,将垃圾邮件的先验概率由常数改进为实际概率,改进了token的选取范围和选取规则,在检测内容上增加url和图片。最后设计了一个基于改进贝叶斯过滤算法的垃圾邮件过滤器。实验结果表明,这种改进的贝叶斯过滤算法在垃圾邮件过滤中有良好的应用效果。     

一种用于大规模 MIMO 信号检测的改进算法

近几年来,大规模多输入多输出(multi-input multi-output,MIMO)的信号检测问题已经引起了人们的关注,在研究了主动禁忌搜索(reactive tabu search,RTS)算法和置信度传播(belief propagation,BP)算法的基础上,提出了一种新的RTS-BP联合检测算法,给出了2种不同的信道模型下的仿真对比图.结果表明,在不同的调制阶数情况下,RTS-BP算法性能优于单一的RTS和BP算法,且在一定程度上降低了大规模MIMO检测的高维效应对信号层数的要求.     

用于动态心电图波形分类改进的K近邻算法研究

针对动态心电图波形数据量大且具有明显个体差异性的特点,提出了一种改进的K近邻分类算法,用于动态心电图波形分类.该算法首先将实例间的度量改为曼哈顿距离（City Block Distance）,然后引入高斯核函数,将K近邻算法改进为非线性分类算法,以达到分类动态心电图波形的目的.实验结果表明,该算法在对动态心电图波形进行分类时,分类精度在90%以上.     

一种改进的KMP算法

在给出改进的KMP模式匹配算法的定义和步骤的同时,对其进行了严格推导和证明.实验证明,当模式首次出现在文本后半段的情况下,该算法较原KMP算法具有更少的比较次数和更高的效率.     

改进的求解整数规划的蚁群算法

针对传统蚁群算法在求解整数规划时易陷入局部最优问题,通过设定信息素的修正阈值,适时对信息素进行修正,以及采取纵向和横行的搜索方式,对蚁群算法进行了改进,算例比较分析结果表明:改进后的蚁群算法能够较好地避免陷入局部最优,且执行效率提高数倍.     

Improved Dual Algorithm for Constrained Optimization Problems

One class of effective methods for the optimization problem with inequality constraints are to transform the problem to a unconstrained optimization problem by constructing a smooth potential function. In this paper, we modifies a dual algorithm for constrained optimization problems and establishes a corresponding improved dual algorithm; It is proved that the improved dual algorithm has the local Q-superlinear convergence; Finally, we performed numerical experimentation using the improved dual algorithm for many constrained optimization problems, the numerical results are reported to show that it is valid in practical computation.     

面向作业车间调度问题的遗传算法改进

为了获得遗传算法在作业车间调度问题上的最优化解,提高算法的迭代速度,研究了遗传算法的改进方法,以工件的加工时间最短为目标建立调度模型。在算法上提出了基于概率改进的具有自适应能力的交叉与变异算子,以求作业车间调度问题的最优解。在遗传算法上采用精英保留策略方法,并结合改进的自适应算子对问题进行求解。以基准案例LA01和FT06作为实验仿真对象,获得了相应的甘特图以及搜索过程曲线。仿真结果表明,与未改进的算法相比,该算法能够更加快速地获得最优解。改进后的算法在搜索上更加快速有效,在求解作业车间调度问题上具有一定的可行性,更加适合工业加工生产。     

求解车辆路径问题的改进遗传算法

在建立车辆路径问题数学模型的基础上,设计了求解该问题的改进遗传算法,即采用自然数编码,构造一定长度的遗传个体表,动态记录适应度以及引入新交叉算子。实验结果表明,该算法用于求解车辆路径问题,不但可以解决传统遗传算法在求解该问题所遇到的“早熟收敛”,而且大大提高算法的运行效率。     

轮循调度的报文平滑改进算法

传统的轮循算法只是简单的对所有队列进行轮循调度,一次调度发送一个分组,使得不同队列在某种程度上"平等"地使用带宽资源。然而由于分组长度不固定,使得长分组队列可能比短分组队列得到更多的服务,获得更高的带宽,因而其公平性受到很大限制。文章提出一种基于平滑的轮循调度算法,该算法提出两个数据结构体,权值矩阵和权值延伸序列。这两个结构体可以减轻传统算法中存在的报文突发性和公平性所带来的问题,并且具有较小的排序复杂性。最后用ns2进行仿真,结果表明该算法能够提供较好的端到端延迟,从而更好地保证了网络服务质量。     

工作地中设施布局问题的改进遗传算法

针对工作地中设施布局问题的现有遗传算法的不足,提出了一种对数学编码方式、变异操作等方面进行改进的遗传算法。该算法不仅使问题的表达方式更趋合理、显著减少进化过程中不合理后代的产生,而且通过采用动态分行技术,摆脱了现有算法存在的单维优化的局限性,在两个维度上对布局问题进行优化。实例研究结果表明:此算法不但具有良好的全局搜索能力,而且具有较快的收敛速度。     

一种改善TCP公平性的算法

传输控制协议(TCP)是目前在Internet上使用最广泛的传输协议。理论和试验表明TCP连接在一些情况下是不公平的,这些情况包括多拥塞网关、不同的往返延迟和不同报文大小等。该文提出一种"显式公平控制"(EFC)算法来解决这个问题,其主要思想是通过在网关和端系统都增加机制来单独进行公平控制。在TCP的报文头中增加一个"速率标签"来携带目前的发送速率,网关可以使用报文头中的这个信息对报文区别对待。试验结果表明EFC算法可以有效的改善TCP连接的公平性。该文还讨论了如何在Internet中逐步使用EFC算法。     

一种改进的各向异性高斯滤波算法

为了抑制更好的抑制噪声保留边缘信息,提出了一种各向异性高斯滤波的改进方法,该方法先用中值滤波去除椒盐噪声,再利用灰度共生矩阵的惯性矩特征值调整滤波器的长轴尺度,实现各向异性高斯滤波.实验证明,本文所提出的改进方法,在噪声抑制和边缘保持方面优于各向异性高斯滤波器.     

一种用于宽带信号测向的改进TCT算法

宽带测向是雷达与电子对抗领域中的一个重要研究课题.在基于信号子空间算法中的双边相关变换（TCT）算法的基础上,对其进行改进,提出了一种新的构造聚焦矩阵的方法.实验证明,新方法在低信噪情况下表现出很强的优越性,相比传统TCT算法,改进后算法具有更高的分辨率和精度.     

一种改进的LDPC码最小和译码算法

低密度校验(LDPC)码最小和译码算法在BSC信道下具有较高的错误平层。针对这一问题,提出了一种改进的最小和译码算法。该算法在每轮迭代译码过程中利用变量节点邻居传入的可靠性强度阶和原始信道接收值之间存在特定的规律进行消息更新,从而能够加速译码收敛速度,提高译码性能。仿真结果表明,该算法在BSC信道下使用3或4级强度阶可以逼近甚至超越浮点型BP译码算法。     

一种模糊神经网络的改进学习算法

针对前人（Ｃ．Ｔ．Ｌｉｎ， ｅｔ ａｌ． Ｉｎ ＩＥＥＥ Ｔｒａｎｓ ＯｎＣｏｍ ｐｕｔｅｒ， １９９１， Ｖｏｌ．４０， Ｎｏ．１２） 提出的模糊神经网络结构，改进了已有的学习算法，新算法更加简洁有效。利用新算法，可以自动获取模糊规则。通过函数模拟实验，验证了新算法的有效性。提出了网络的分解与综合方法，避免了模糊神经网络用于实际复杂问题时，模糊规则的组合爆炸问题。该模糊神经网络可应用于换热器受热面的结垢过程模拟。