Cold stress induced changes in the uptake and distribution of radiolabelled magnesium in the brain and pituitary of the rat

Résumé L'imposition de conditions hypothermiques augmente l'incorporation de²⁸Mg dans le cerveau et la glande pituitaire du rat.

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Research for this paper was supported by NSF No. GB 27740 X. The authors are grateful for the technical assistance of Mrs.M. Turner, Mrs.E. Rovner and Mrs. L. Macko.     

Coenzymes Q: Stimulants of the phaǵocytic activity in rats and immune response in mice

Zusammenfassung Mittels der Tusche-Clearance-Methode wird gezeigt, dass Coenzym Q₆ und Q₁₀ die phagozytische Aktivität bei Ratten steigert. Im Vergleich mit Schaferythrozyten wurde bei Mäusen durch Zufuhr von Coenzym Q₁₀ eine Verdoppelung der primären hämolytischen Antikörperbildung festgestellt.

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The authors are deeply indebted to Drs. J. H.Heller, J. H.Green and A. D.Adler for support and helpful discussions in the course of this work. We thank Mrs. G.Katopodis, Mrs. R.Wells, Miss J.Mannion, Mrs. S._Reynolds and Mrs. A._Lee for technical assistance.     

Effect of air ionization on blood serotonin in vitro

Summary The effect of negative and positive air ionisation on siliconized blood serotonin was studied in vitro. The experiments showed that within 10 min positive ionisation increased serotonin levels in total blood (+40%), plasma (+90%), erythrocytes (+50%) and thrombocytes (+200%). On the other hand, negative ionization (10 min) lowered the serotonin content of total blood (–30%), plasma (–42.5%), erythrocytes (–41.7%) and thrombocytes (–72.3%), thus confirming the Krueger Effect in vitro.This research was generously supported by a grant from the Joint Research Fund of the Hebrew University and Hadassah, and Dr. and Mrs.Leonard Appleby of Palmbeach, Florida.Acknowledgment: Our thanks are due to Mr.B. Shalita, Mrs.Zippora Adar and Mrs.Olga Fradkin for devoted technical assistance.     

Inhibitory effects of 1-iodo-3-aminomethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthol (ONO-3122) and prostaglandin H2 on vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in toad bladder

Summary Both 1-iodo-3-aminomethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-2-naphthol (ONO-3122), which increases endogenous PGH₂, and PGH₂ itself, significantly depressed vasopressin-induced osmotic water flow in the toad bladder. These results suggest that ONO-3122 increases endogenous PGH₂ synthesis, and that PGH₂ and/or its metabolites inhibit vasopressin-induced water flow.I am grateful to Mr Y. Nara and Mrs S. Sugawara for their excellent technical assistance. This work supported in part by grant from the Life Science Laboratories.     

Two different aggregation principles in reaggregation process of dissociated sponge cells (Geodia cydonium)

Zusammenfassung Chemisch dissoziierte Zellen des KieselschwammesGeodia cydonium reaggregieren aufgrund zweier verschiedenr Reaggregationsprinzipien. Der Aggnegationsfaktor, auf den die Primäraggregation zurückgeht, ist membrangebunden und wird durch Proteasen nicht inaktiviert. Der sekundäre Aggregationsfaktor wurde 500fach angereichert. Das Molekulargewicht dieses Aggregationsfaktors beträgt etwa 20000 Daltons; er ist mit einem ringförmigen Makromolekül (2×10⁹ Daltons) assoziiert.

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Acknowledgments. We wish to thank Mrs.V. Pondeljak, Mrs.U. Müller-Berger, Mr. R. Beyer andMr. M. Srecec for their excellent technical assistance. We gratefully acknowledge the advice of dipl. Chem.J. Obermeier for the carbodiimide coupling method. This work is supported by Fonds der Chemischen Industrie and by the Landesversicherungsantalt Rheinland-Pfalz, Speyer/Rh.     

Influence of phenylephrine and orciprenaline on the release of noradrenaline

Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von Phenylephrin und Orciprenalin auf die Freisetzung von Noradrenalin wurde an isolierten, perfundierten Kaninchenherzen mit¹⁴C-markierten Noradrenalin-Vorräten untersucht. Beide Stoffe verminderten die Abgabe von¹⁴C-Noradrenalin bei Sympathicusreizung. Diese Hemmwirkung wirde durch Vorinfusion von Phenoxybenzamin, nicht aber durch Vorinfusion von Propranolol verhindert.

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The skilful technical assistance of Mrs. Ch.Arts, MissB. Piel and Mr.E. Hagelskamp is gratefully acknowledged.     

The size distribution ofTetrahymena in relation to its position in the cell cycle

Summary Tetrahymena size distribution during the cell cycle was analyzed by means of radioautography with the aid of a sonic-digitizer, and a computer. The study demonstrates that as the organism ages and passes through the various cell cycle phases the volume distribution of the organisms in each phase remains lognormal.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by a research grant from Gtiftung Volkswagenwerk No. 112273 toA. Ron. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical help of Mrs.O. Horovitz and MissS. Urieli, as well as the expert photomicrography of Mrs.E. Salomon.     

Diphasic action of the aliphatic amide,HOE 17879, on hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes in the mouse

Summary -Hydroxy--ethylbutyryl-diethylamide (HOE 17879) influences the hepatic microsomal drug hydroxylating enzyme system of mice in a two-phasic way: First it reduces the overall reaction of drug hydroxylation but not the single enzymes whilst in the second period it increases enzyme activities.Acknowledgments. The authors are indebted to their colleague, Dr.K. Schmitt, for making the substance HOE 17879 available. They wish to thank to Mr.Mayer, Mr.Paulusch Mrs.Fey, Mrs.Stein, and MissFehlings for their skilful assistance in the project.     

Primary neural induction as studied by scanning electron microscopy

Summary Normal primary neural induction has been studied by scanning electron microscopy and the results compared with those obtained by TEM. Mesoderm cells are usually in contact with several other cells, both mesodermal and endodermal in origin. By SEM the ectoderm layer has been shown to be in contact with the underlying mesoderm cells. Tufts of fibrous basement membrane are also present between the two cell types. TEM specimens also show an intermediate basement membrane.Acknowledgments. M. A. E. would like to thank ProfessorF. Beck in whose department this work was conducted. An especial acknowledgment to Mrs.Wendy Nugent for her skilled technical assistance in the preparation of the SEM and TEM specimens. Mr.Duncan Boreham, Electron Microscope Unit, University of Leicester kindly offered assistance and advice.S. V. C. would like to thank ProfessorR. P. Dale in whose department the SEM photographs were prepared.     

Development of a new tachykinin antagonist

Summary The mouse urinary bladder possesses a tachykinin receptor which responds to kassinin and eledoisin, but not to some other tachykinins. The action of kassinin, but not that of eledoisin, was blocked in a surmountable manner by a new tachykinin antagonist, D-Pro⁴, Val⁸, D-Trp^7,9,10 (SP)^4–11.Acknowledgments. We thank Mrs Danielle Solomos for technical help. This study was financed by a grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (3.800-80.2).     

Mise en évidence d'une nouvelle forme combinée de l'acide glutamique dans le latex d'Euphorbia characias L

Summary The hydro-alcoholic extract ofEuphorbia characias Latex contains one unknown amino acid and one new combined form of glutamic acid, isolated by preparative electrophoresis on cellulose powder.

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Nous exprimons nos remerciements à Mrs. les ProfesseursBoulanger etG. Biserte pour les conseils reçus au cours de ce travail.     

Potentiation of ocular response to adrenaline by 3,3-dimethyl-1-[3-methylaminopropyl]-1-phenylphthalan (Lu 3-010) and a thiophthalan analogue (Lu 5-003): Blockers of catecholamine uptake

Résumé Concernant la durée de l'effet du traitement, le composé Lu 3-010 en combinaison avec l'adrenaline est semblable à la protriptyline, et il est plus actif que Lu 5-003 en ce qui concerne la potentiation de la reaction oculaire provoquée par l'adrenaline. Administrés séparement, les composés Lu 3-010 et Lu 5-003 ont des effets semblables, tandis que la protriptyline est le composé le plus actif. L'accroissement de l'efficacité de ces composés résulte probablement de leur abilité à bloquer le mécanisme de l'incorporation de la catecholamine.

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The author acknowledges the technical assistance of Mrs.S. Schaal, Mrs.C. Wood, MissB. Kawchak and Mrs.B. Sumner. The Lu compounds were gifts from H. Lundbeck and Co. Ltd.     

IgM levels of newborn in Hawaii

Zusammenfassung Es wird eine Radial-Immun.-Diffusionsmethode verwendet, um durch Vergleich der IgM-Antikörper im Nabelschnurblut zu bestimmen, ob im den homologen mütterlichen Proben eine asymptotische Infektion stattgefunden hat. Es ergab sich, dass das benutzte Verfahren nicht zur Klärung der gestellten Frage geeignet ist.

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This study was supported by a Kapiolani Maternity Hospital Research Grant and the Mrs. Lois A. Mayer Family Fund.

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Acknowledgment. The authors indebted to Mrs.L. Hann, MT (ASCP) for her technical assistance and Mr.V. T. Oi for his critical review of this paper.     

Particle aggregates in plasma and intracellular membranes of toad bladder (granular cell)

Summary Freeze-fracture of granular cells of toad urinary bladder (Bufo marinus) reveals the presence, hitherto undescribed, of intramembranous particle aggregates in intracytoplasmic structures (tubules, vacuoles and vesicles) both in resting and vasopressin-stimulated epithelia.This work was supported by grants No. 3.553.75, 3.120.77 and 3.1300.73 from the Swiss National Science Foundation.The authors are indebted to Mrs Marthe Sidler-Ansermet, Miss Jacqueline Rial and Mr Michel Bernard for valuable technical assistance.     

Changes in the concentration of adenohypophyseal prolactin and morphological manifestations in the adenohypophysis of lactating rats after administration of D-6-methyl-8-[β-isopropylaminoethyl] ergoline-I

Summary The four days administration of D-6-methyl-8-[-isopropylaminoethyl]ergoline-I (VÚFB-10726) to nursing rats decreases adenohypophyseal prolactin as determined with disc electrophoresis, and produces changes in the histological appearance of adenohypophyses, which indicate the inhibition of prolaction production and secretion.The authors thank Dr.I. J. Skála, Mrs.J. Boubínová, Mrs.J. Emanuelová and Mrs.V. Maitová for technical assistence.     

The effect of the ergoline derivative VUFB-6683 on the adenohypophysial prolactin concentration in rats

Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe vond-6-Methyl-8-ergolin-I-ylacetamid-Tartarat, VUFB-6683 wurde bei säugenden Ratten das Gewicht und der Prolaktinspiegel der Adenohypophyse herabgesetzt und die Laktation gehemmt.

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The authors are indebted to Dr.I. J. Skála, Dr.J. Hondlík, Mrs.V. Maitová and Mrs.J. Emanuelová for technical assistance; and to Dr.I. Mikulá for his aid in designing the study.     

Ultrastructural changes of the luminal plasma membrane of the transitional epithelium of the rat urinary tract in essential fatty acid deficiency

Summary Rats fed an essential fatty acid deficient diet (EFAD) showed a statistically significant decrease in the thickness and ultrastructural asymmetry of the luminal membrane and cytoplasmic vesicles of transitional epithelium of the urinary tract, due to a marked thinning of the peculiar thick luminal leaflet. These changes were reversed by adding EFA to the diet. This indicates that the unusual EM appearance of urothelial membrane depends on its content in EFA.Acknowledgment is due to Mrs.M. G. Iwakawa andN. T. Benítez for technical help and Mr.J. Hiza for animal care.D. Lis andA. Eynard are research fellows of Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Work supported in part by CONICET, Argentina.     

ATP determination with the Tricarb scintillation counter

Zusammenfassung Die Arbeit beschreibt eine neue Technik zur Bestimmung geringster Mengen von ATP (10–11 Mol und weniger) mit der Luciferin-Luciferase-Methode. Die dabei erzeugten Impulse werden mit einem Scintillationszähler gemessen.

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Aided by a generous donation from Mrs.D. Teperman, Canada, in memory of her late husband,Joseph Teperman.     

Specialized membrane junctions in the avian cerebellum

Summary Pentalaminar specialized membrane junctions-tight junctions — are described in the granular layer of the pigeon cerebellum. The presence of these axo-dendritique and dendrosomatic contacts suggest the existence of electrotonic coupling in the pigeon cerebellum.This work received financial support from the Instituto de Alta Cultura, Lisbon, Project No. PMC5-I.Acknowledgements. I am greatly indebted to Prof.E. G. Gray and Prof.A. Sousa Pinto for helpful advice and criticism. The technical assistance of Mrs.M. M. Pacheco, M. G. Rodrigues, M. L. Brito and Mr.Bessa Nunes is gratefully acknowledged.     

Arginine-vasopressin,lysine-vasopressin,and oxytocin,C14-labeled in the glycine residue

Zusammenfassung Die Synthese von Arginin-Vasopressin, Lysin-Vasopressin und Oxytocin, deren Glycinrest eine¹⁴C-Markierung trägt, wird mit Hilfe der Festkörpermethode nachMerrifield beschrieben.

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Supported by National Institutes of Health grants No. AM-13567 and No. AM-10080 and the Atomic Energy Commission.

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Abbreviations follow the rules of the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature in Biochemistry5, 2485 (1966). All optically-active amino acids are ofl-configuration. The following additional abbreviations were used: N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (OSu), ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH), acetic acid (AcOH),n-butanol (n-BuOH), pyridine (Pyr) and N,N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCI). Protected peptides and hormones were visualized on thinlayer plates according to the procedure byH. Zahn andE. Rexroth, Z. analyt. Chem.148, 181 (1955). The biological activities of the hormones were measured against the U.S.P. Posterior Pituitary Reference Standard; the four-point design was used for these bioassays and standard errors were calculated according to the method ofC. I. Bliss,The Statistics of Bioassay (Academic Press, New York, N.Y. 1952).

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Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank Mr.D. Schlesinger for some of the amino acid derivatives used, and MissM. Wahrenburg and Mrs.A. Silverman for bioassays.