迷迭香抗氧剂的提取和鉴定

采用有机溶剂法提取了迷迭香中的抗氧化成分,通过改变溶剂、料液比、提取时间、环境等因素研究提取迷迭香抗氧化剂的最佳工艺条件;通过红外光谱、质谱、液质联用、高效液相色谱分析,确定迷迭香提取物中3种主要组份为迷迭香酚、鼠尾草酚和鼠尾草酸及其在提取物中所占比重。     

叉毛蓬体外抗氧化活性的研究

从植物中探寻能够清除自由基的天然抗氧化剂是目前天然产物化学研究热点之一,本文研究了新疆藜科植物叉毛蓬的抗氧化活性成分。本研究采用乙醇加热回流法提取叉毛蓬中的有效成分,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,再分别以DPPH、邻苯三酚自氧化和FRAP三种抗氧化活性分析方法对乙醇粗提物及各段提取物进行抗氧化评价,且与阳性对照抗坏血酸(AA)和叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)进行比较分析,结果表明:叉毛蓬不同溶剂提取物均有清除DPPH自由基、O2-·自由基的能力,也有一定的还原能力,但均弱于阳性对照AA和TBHQ。     

酶法辅助提取迷迭香中主要活性成分研究

迷迭香原料采用纤维素酶酶解后,再对其主要抗氧化活性成分进行提取,并以鼠尾草酸、鼠尾草酚含量作为衡量工艺的主要指标,以提取物中的鼠尾草酸重量作为衡量工艺参数的优劣。采用L9(43)正交试验考察酶解时间、酶解温度、pH值、酶用量对产品得率等因素的影响。通过正交试验发现:酶用量0.2%、pH值为4、酶解温度为35~40℃、酶解时间4h,产品得率最高。     

海带抗氧化多酚的制备及活性研究

用1:1的氯仿:甲醇超声提取海带成分,并用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇依次进行萃取,利用DPPH法、邻二氮菲-Fe2+氧化法、铁氰化钾还原法和邻苯三酚自氧化进行抗氧化实验,同时与抗氧化剂2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚(BHT)和没食子酸(GA)进行对照。结果显示海带提取物与各萃取组分均具有较强的抗氧化能力,其中乙酸乙酯提取物(EA)抗氧化活性最强。在50μg/mL浓度时,EA清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的能力和还原能力均高于抗氧化剂BHT,且清除超氧阴离子自由基的能力也高于GA;另外,Aqueous组分在所有测定浓度下清除羟自由基能力均高于GA,清除O2-的能力也高于BHT。海带各提取物总酚含量的分析表明总酚含量与抗氧化活性之间具有一定的相关性,总酚含量高其抗氧化能力也相应提高,表明多酚是提取物中重要的抗氧化成分。4种抗氧化方法的比较表明DPPH法的相关系数最高(R=0.987),是海带体外抗氧化实验最有效的方法。     

米口袋清除自由基活性及其成分研究

为了研究中草药米口袋的清除自由基活性及其成分,用2∶1的甲醇:氯仿超声提取米口袋成分,并用石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇依次进行萃取,利用DPPH法、邻二氮菲-Fe2 氧化法和AP-TEMED法进行清除自由基活性实验,同时与合成抗氧化剂BHT进行对照。结果显示乙酸乙酯提取物(EAF)具有最高的清除自由基活性,大于人工合成抗氧化剂BHT。利用硅胶,RP-18和Sephadex LH-20对其进行活性追踪分离,得到3种纯的清除自由基活性成分。利用1D、2DNMR和ESI-MS对其结构进行鉴定。结果显示为槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖甙,芹菜素和4',7-二羟基黄酮。抗氧化活性大小顺序为槲皮素-3-O-葡萄糖甙>芹菜素>4',7-二羟基黄酮>EAF>BHT。含酚羟基化合物的清除自由基活性与其结构密切相关。活性大小主要取决于酚羟基的数目。本研究结果证明:米口袋及其活性成分具有很强的清除自由基作用。可作为一种高效的新型清除自由基天然食品添加剂使用,具有广泛的应用前景。     

不同方法提取余甘子果实和叶片中的黄酮混合物对麻疯树种子油的抗氧化性比较

研究使用三种方法分别提取余甘子果实和叶片中的黄酮类混合物,并测定各混合物中的总黄酮含量,以及对羟自由基的清除率.同时以BHA(丁基羟基茴香醚),PG(没食子酸丙酯)和TBHQ(叔丁基对苯二酚)作为对照,比较其对麻疯树种子油的抗氧化效果.研究结果表明:三种提取方法得到的果实或叶片的黄酮类混合物中,余甘子果实的超声波(70%乙醇,40kHz,300W)黄酮提取物以及叶片70%乙醇浸提物对麻疯树种子油的抗氧化效果最佳,与抗氧化剂TBHQ比较接近.     

荔枝果肉不同极性多酚提取及其抗氧化活性比较

分别选用体积分数为60％乙醇和80％丙酮从荔枝果内中提取多酚,并用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇和水等4种不同极性溶剂对其多酚提取物进行分部萃取,采用DPPH自由基法、FRAP法和ABTS法比较荔枝果肉不同极性多酚的体外抗氧化活性差异.结果表明,采用80％丙酮提取的荔枝果肉多酚提取物的ABTS抗氧化活性显著强于60％乙醇提取...     

钩藤不同溶剂提取物及总生物碱抗氧化活性研究

采用流动注射化学发光法,对钩藤石油醚提取物(PE)、氯仿提取物(CE)、乙酸乙酯提取物(AE)和乙醇提取物(EE)及总生物碱(Alk)的抗氧化活性进行测定,并与Vc的抗氧化活性进行比较。结果表明,钩藤4种溶剂提取物及总生物碱都具有较强的抗氧化活性,抗氧化活性强弱顺序为:EEVcAECEAlkPE。     

迷迭香抗植物病原菌活性研究

用滤纸片扩散法和菌丝生长速率法实验研究了迷迭香乙醇提取物对6种植物病原真菌菌丝生长的抑制作用。结果表明迷迭香乙醇提取物对水稻稻瘟病菌、番茄霜霉病菌、黄瓜枯萎病菌有较好的抑制活性,浓度在5mg／mL以上时,抑菌率达到100％。     

溶剂对石榴渣中黄酮的提取及抗氧化活性影响

由于石榴产品的推广,石榴产品生产过程中生产的废弃物越来越多。其中石榴渣中的黄酮类物质具有抗氧化活性,可用于预防心脑血管疾病、阿尔兹海默症、帕金森病、肿瘤发生和提高免疫力。研究提取石榴渣中黄酮类物质的条件,为合理开发利用石榴渣副产物提供理论依据。采用改良的菲林法测定石榴渣中总酚含量,DPPH和ABTS方法进行抗氧化性测定,比较研究不同提取溶剂:石油醚、乙酸乙酯、100%丙酮、70%丙酮、100%乙醇、75%乙醇、50%乙醇、水对石榴渣中的黄酮提取物的提取率、总酚、总黄酮和抗氧化活性的影响。结果得出结论:利用70%乙醇溶液提取的石榴渣提取物具有最高的提取率、总酚、总黄酮和抗氧化活性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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